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单片机论文英文文献和出处

发布时间:2024-07-04 17:54:25

单片机论文英文文献和出处

楼上的,人家说要外文、

Each DS18B20 has a unique 64-bit serial code, which allows multiple DS18B20s to function on the same 1–wire bus; thus, it is simple to use one microprocessor to control many DS18B20s distributed over a large area. Applications that can benefit from this feature include HVAC environmental controls, temperature monitoring systems inside buildings, equipment or machinery, and process monitoring and control systems.这是DS18B20的一部分英文文献,我还有更多各类单片机的英文文献及翻译,需要的联系我!!!!

[1]杨十元.模拟系统故障诊断与可靠性设计,清华人学出版社,2004 [2]童诗白.模拟电子技术基础,高教出版社,2006[3]周航慈.单片机应用程序设计技术,北京航空航大大学出版社,2005[4]李刚.ADuC812系列单片机原理和应用技术,北京航空航天山版社,2005[5]胡诞康.在线测试技术的发展与展望,计量与测试技术,2001[6]星河科技开发公司,印刷电路板在线测试系统的发展与应用,电子标准化与测量,2003[7]季华.PCB测试技术的综合利用,电子产品世界,2007-12[8]鲜坛.组装测试技术应用前景分析,世界电子元器件,2008-1[9]张金敏.基于单片机控制的智能电阻电容在线测试仪,甘肃科技,2006 [10]庄绍雄王济浩张迎春.智能阻容在线测试技术,山东工业大学学报,[11]陈国顺陈春沙王格芳等.通用电路板在线测试仪设计与开发,仪器仪表学报,2001[12]Nancy Instruments Smooth Rapid Test System & Measurement World,AUGUST 2001[13]卢育强.如何设定ICT的上下限,电子生产设备,2003 142-143[14]赵悦 沈青松 终玉军.路板的测试技术,辽宁工学院学报,2008-1[15]程亚黎 曾周末.电路故障自动测试与诊断系统,中国仪器仪表,2007

[1] 李东升等.protel 99SE电路设计教程.电子工业出版社,[2] 藏春华等.电子线路设计与应用.高等教育出版社,[3] 李学海.16位单片机SPCE061A使用教程——基础篇.人民邮电出版社,2007[4] 张琳娜,刘武发.传感检测技术及应用.中国计量出版社,1999[5] 邵敏权,刘刚.单片机原理实验及应用.吉林科学技术出版社,[6] 杨振江等.智能仪器与数据采集系统中的新器件及应用.西安电子科技大学出版 社,[7] 罗亚非等.凌阳16位单片机应用基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,[8] 刘笃仁,韩保君.传感器原理及应用技术。机械工业出版社,[9] 薛筠义,张彦斌.凌阳16位单片机原理及应用,[10] 徐爱卿.Intel 16位单片机,[11] 霍孟友等,单片机原理与应用机械工业出版社, [12] 霍孟友等,单片机原理与应用学习概要及题解,机械工业出版社,[13] 许泳龙等,单片机原理及应用,机械工业出版社, [14] 马忠梅等,单片机的C语言应用程序设计,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003修订版 [15] 薛均义 张彦斌 虞鹤松 樊波,凌阳十六位单片机原理及应用,2003年,北京航空航天大学出版社.

c单片机论文英文文献翻译

大学生呀!!

In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of single chip is accepted broadly in real-time detection and automatic control of microcomputer. Although it’s often act as the core component of single chip system, it is not enough only with the knowledge of single chip. Engineers also need to think about the structure of the hardware to perfect the most higher education institutions have built single chip laboratory, equipped with experiment box and other hardware simulation equipment. But the circuitry of the experiment box is fixed and the experiment steps are hard to be changed. It is not fit the trend of rapid development speed of single chip technology. It is also unsuited to develop students’ abilities and creativities. With the introduction of the Proteus software simulation technology, it can be solved at a certain extent. We could design more experiment steps and help students completing their self-study with the simulation experimental platform. It is a positive technology for system construction. Based on the information above, the author design a temperature alarm system with functions of automatic temperature monitoring and artificially infrared temperature adjustment. This system is created based on the single-chip microcomputer simulation environment, using the PIC single chip of MICOCHIP ltd as the main control chip, combined with peripheral infrared sensor, LCD display, temperature sensing, dc motors, heating electric stove wire and alarm equipment. The control system of main chip and main program was written in C design has the advantages of reducing cost and increase practicability. It is could be adopted by most higher education institutions.

Single-Chip Microcomputer有的时候,也可以用SingleChip来代替下面链接的第六章有讲单片机Single Chip Microcmputer 第148页开始这是一段中汉对照的。中文:单片机是把主要计算机功能部件都集成在一块芯片上的微型计算机。它是一种集计数和多中接口于一体的微控制器,被广泛应用在智能产品和工业自动化上,而51单片机是个单片机中最为典型和最有代表性的一种。本课题选择89S51为核心控制元件,设计了一个日常生活中用到的电子音乐门铃系统。当功能按键按下,音乐响起,发光二极管随着音乐的节拍进行闪烁,LED显示相应的定时器初值。音乐演奏过程中再次按下按键无效,只有当音乐段结束再次按下才有效。如果是电子音乐门铃在响,按下复位按键就终止,显示初始状态。经过实践证明,本系统运行稳定,具有一定的实用价值。-------------翻译:SCM is a major piece of computer components are integrated into the chip micro-computer. It is a multi-interface and counting on the micro-controller integration, and intelligence products are widely used in industrial automation. and MCS-51 microcontroller is a typical and topics chosen for the 89S51 control of the core components used in the design of a daily electronic music doorbell system. When the function button is pressed, the music sounded and the music beats with light emitting diodes for flickered. Initial corresponding LED timer. Musical process again pressed the button ineffective, and only when pressed again before the end of the music effectively. If the doorbell ring for electronic music, press the button on the reduction and termination, showed initial state. Practice has proved that the system is stable and has some practical value.本设计是以凌阳16位单片机为重心,介绍语音控制在机械手中的应用,实现微型舵机的运作,完成所指定的动作。其中通过凌阳16位单片机输出的脉冲信号来准确的控制机械手的摆动角度,机械手的捏拿动作由电磁铁完成,电磁铁的通断由凌阳16位单片机的I/O口控制,硬件和软件都在具体的实验中证明了其可行性This design is take insults the positive 16 monolithic integrated circuits as a center of gravity, introduced the pronunciation control in manipulator's application, the realization miniature servo operation, completes the movement which assigns. Through insults the pulse signal which the positive 16 monolithic integrated circuits outputs to come the accurate control manipulator to swing the angle, the manipulator pinches takes the movement to complete by the electro-magnet, the electro-magnet passes the legal reason for judgment to insult the positive 16 monolithic integrated circuits I/O control, the hardware and the software all have proven its feasibility in the concrete experiment

Introduction of Programmable controllers From a simple heritage, these remarkable systems have evolved to not only replace electromechanical devices, but to solve an ever-increasing array of control problems in both process and nonprocess industries. By all indications, these microprocessor powered giants will continue to break new ground in the automated factory into the 1990s. HISTORY In the 1960s, electromechanical devices were the order of the day ass far as control was concerned. These devices, commonly known as relays, were being used by the thousands to control many sequential-type manufacturing processes and stand-along machines. Many of these relays were in use in the transportation industry, more specifically, the automotive industry. These relays used hundreds of wires and their interconnections to effect a control solution. The performance of a relay was basically reliable - at least as a single device. But the common applications for relay panels called for 300 to 500 or more relays, and the reliability and maintenance issues associated with supporting these panels became a very great challenge. Cost became another issue, for in spite of the low cost of the relay itself, the installed cost of the panel could be quite high. The total cost including purchased parts, wiring, and installation labor, could range from $30~$50 per relay. To make matters worse, the constantly changing needs of a process called for recurring modifications of a control panel. With relays, this was a costly prospect, as it was accomplished by a major rewiring effort on the panel. In addition these changes were sometimes poorly documented, causing a second-shift maintenance nightmare months later. In light of this, it was not uncommon to discard an entire control panel in favor of a new one with the appropriate components wired in a manner suited for the new process. Add to this the unpredictable, and potentially high, cost of maintaining these systems as on high-volume motor vehicle production lines, and it became clear that something was needed to improve the control process – to make it more reliable, easier to troubleshoot, and more adaptable to changing control needs. That something, in the late 1960s, was the first programmable controller. This first ‘revolutionary’ system wan developed as a specific response to the needs of the major automotive manufacturers in the United States. These early controllers, or programmable logic controllers (PLC), represented the first systems that 1 could be used on the factory floor, 2 could have there ‘logic’ changed without extensive rewiring or component changes, and 3 were easy to diagnose and repair when problems occurred. It is interesting to observe the progress that has been made in the past 15 years in the programmable controller area. The pioneer products of the late 1960s must have been confusing and frightening to a great number of people. For example, what happened to the hardwired and electromechanical devices that maintenance personnel were used to repairing with hand tools? They were replaced with ‘computers’ disguised as electronics designed to replace relays. Even the programming tools were designed to appear as relay equivalent presentations. We have the opportunity now to examine the promise, in retrospect, that the programmable controller brought to manufacturing. All programmable controllers consist of the basic functional blocks shown in Fig. 10. 1. We’ll examine each block to understand the relationship to the control system. First we look at the center, as it is the heart ( or at least the brain ) of the system. It consists of a microprocessor, logic memory for the storage of the actual control logic, storage or variable memory for use with data that will ordinarily change as a function power for the processor and memory. Next comes the I/O block. This function takes the control level signals for the CPU and converts them to voltage and current levels suitable for connection with factory grade sensors and actuators. The I/O type can range from digital (discrete or on / off), analog (continuously variable), or a variety of special purpose ‘smart’ I/O which are dedicated to a certain application task. The programmer is shown here, but it is normally used only to initially configure and program a system and is not required for the system to operate. It is also used in troubleshooting a system, and can prove to be a valuable tool in pinpointing the exact cause of a problem. The field devices shown here represent the various sensors and actuators connected to the I/O. These are the arms, legs, eyes, and ears of the system, including push buttons, limit switches, proximity switches, photosensors, thermocouples, RTDS, position sensing devices, and bar code reader as input; and pilot lights, display devices, motor starters, DC and AC drives, solenoids, and printers as outputs. No single attempt could cover its rapidly changing scope, but three basic characteristics can be examined to give classify an industrial control device as a programmable controller. (1) Its basic internal operation is to solve logic from the beginning of memory to some specified point, such as end of memory or end of program. Once the end is reached, the operation begins again at the beginning of memory. This scanning process continues from the time power is supplied to the time it it removed. (2) The programming logic is a form of a relay ladder diagram. Normally open, normally closed contacts, and relay coils are used within a format utilizing a left and a right vertical rail. Power flow (symbolic positive electron flow) is used to determine which coil or outputs are energized or deenergized. (3) The machine is designed for the industrial environment from its basic concept; this protection is not added at a later date. The industrial environment includes unreliable AC power, high temperatures (0 to 60 degree Celsius), extremes of humidity, vibrations, RF noise, and other similar parameters. General application areas The programmable controller is used in a wide variety of control applications today, many of which were not economically possible just a few years ago. This is true for two general reasons: 1 there cost effectiveness (that is, the cost per I/O point) has improved dramatically with the falling prices of microprocessors and related components, and 2 the ability of the controller to solve complex computation and communication tasks has made it possible to use it where a dedicated computer was previously used. Applications for programmable controllers can be categorized in a number of different ways, including general and industrial application categories. But it is important to understand the framework in which controllers are presently understood and used so that the full scope of present and future evolution can be examined. It is through the power of applications that controllers can be seen in their full light. Industrial applications include many in both discrete manufacturing and process industries. Automotive industry applications, the genesis of the programmable controller, continue to provide the largest base of opportunity. Other industries, such as food processing and utilities, provide current development opportunities. There are five general application areas in which programmable controllers are used. A typical installation will use one or more of these integrated to the control system problem. The five general areas are explained briefly below. Description The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications. Function characteristic The AT89C51 provides the following standard features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89C51 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware reset. Pin Description VCC:Supply voltage. GND:Ground. Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as highimpedance 0 may also be configured to be the multiplexed loworder address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode P0 has internal 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash programming,and outputs the code bytes during programverification. External pullups are required during programverification. Port 1 Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL 1s are written to Port 1 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flash programming and verification. Port 2 Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL 1s are written to Port 2 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current, because of the internal 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memory that use 16-bit addresses. In this application, it uses strong internal pullupswhen emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses, Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification. Port 3 Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL 1s are written to Port 3 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C51 as listed below: Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming and verification. RST Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. ALE/PROG Address Latch Enable output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during Flash normal operation ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency, and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during each access to external Data Memory. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode. PSEN Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external program the AT89C51 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external data memory. EA/VPP External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the device to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH. Note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be internally latched on should be strapped to VCC for internal program pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage(VPP) during Flash programming, for parts that require12-volt VPP. XTAL1 Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit. XTAL2 Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier. Oscillator Characteristics XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively,of an inverting amplifier which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven as shown in Figure are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum voltage high and low time specifications must be observed. Figure 1. Oscillator Connections Figure 2. External Clock Drive Configuration Idle Mode In idle mode, the CPU puts itself to sleep while all the onchip peripherals remain active. The mode is invoked by software. The content of the on-chip RAM and all the special functions registers remain unchanged during this mode. The idle mode can be terminated by any enabled interrupt or by a hardware should be noted that when idle is terminated by a hard ware reset, the device normally resumes program execution,from where it left off, up to two machine cycles before the internal reset algorithm takes control. On-chip hardware inhibits access to internal RAM in this event, but access to the port pins is not inhibited. To eliminate the possibility of an unexpected write to a port pin when Idle is terminated by reset, the instruction following the one that invokes Idle should not be one that writes to a port pin or to external memory. Power-down Mode In the power-down mode, the oscillator is stopped, and the instruction that invokes power-down is the last instruction executed. The on-chip RAM and Special Function Registers retain their values until the power-down mode is terminated. The only exit from power-down is a hardware reset. Reset redefines the SFRs but does not change the on-chip RAM. The reset should not be activated before VCC is restored to its normal operating level and must be held active long enough to allow the oscillator to restart and stabilize. Program Memory Lock Bits On the chip are three lock bits which can be left unprogrammed (U) or can be programmed (P) to obtain the additional features listed in the table below. When lock bit 1 is programmed, the logic level at the EA pin is sampled and latched during reset. If the device is powered up without a reset, the latch initializes to a random value, and holds that value until reset is activated. It is necessary that the latched value of EA be in agreement with the current logic level at that pin in order for the device to function properly

单片机类英文文献论文下载

楼上的,人家说要外文、

Each DS18B20 has a unique 64-bit serial code, which allows multiple DS18B20s to function on the same 1–wire bus; thus, it is simple to use one microprocessor to control many DS18B20s distributed over a large area. Applications that can benefit from this feature include HVAC environmental controls, temperature monitoring systems inside buildings, equipment or machinery, and process monitoring and control systems.这是DS18B20的一部分英文文献,我还有更多各类单片机的英文文献及翻译,需要的联系我!!!!

[1] 李东升等.protel 99SE电路设计教程.电子工业出版社,[2] 藏春华等.电子线路设计与应用.高等教育出版社,[3] 李学海.16位单片机SPCE061A使用教程——基础篇.人民邮电出版社,2007[4] 张琳娜,刘武发.传感检测技术及应用.中国计量出版社,1999[5] 邵敏权,刘刚.单片机原理实验及应用.吉林科学技术出版社,[6] 杨振江等.智能仪器与数据采集系统中的新器件及应用.西安电子科技大学出版 社,[7] 罗亚非等.凌阳16位单片机应用基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,[8] 刘笃仁,韩保君.传感器原理及应用技术。机械工业出版社,[9] 薛筠义,张彦斌.凌阳16位单片机原理及应用,[10] 徐爱卿.Intel 16位单片机,[11] 霍孟友等,单片机原理与应用机械工业出版社, [12] 霍孟友等,单片机原理与应用学习概要及题解,机械工业出版社,[13] 许泳龙等,单片机原理及应用,机械工业出版社, [14] 马忠梅等,单片机的C语言应用程序设计,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003修订版 [15] 薛均义 张彦斌 虞鹤松 樊波,凌阳十六位单片机原理及应用,2003年,北京航空航天大学出版社.

单片机英文论文题目

In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of single chip is accepted broadly in real-time detection and automatic control of microcomputer. Although it’s often act as the core component of single chip system, it is not enough only with the knowledge of single chip. Engineers also need to think about the structure of the hardware to perfect the most higher education institutions have built single chip laboratory, equipped with experiment box and other hardware simulation equipment. But the circuitry of the experiment box is fixed and the experiment steps are hard to be changed. It is not fit the trend of rapid development speed of single chip technology. It is also unsuited to develop students’ abilities and creativities. With the introduction of the Proteus software simulation technology, it can be solved at a certain extent. We could design more experiment steps and help students completing their self-study with the simulation experimental platform. It is a positive technology for system construction. Based on the information above, the author design a temperature alarm system with functions of automatic temperature monitoring and artificially infrared temperature adjustment. This system is created based on the single-chip microcomputer simulation environment, using the PIC single chip of MICOCHIP ltd as the main control chip, combined with peripheral infrared sensor, LCD display, temperature sensing, dc motors, heating electric stove wire and alarm equipment. The control system of main chip and main program was written in C design has the advantages of reducing cost and increase practicability. It is could be adopted by most higher education institutions.

单片机控制自动恒温箱的设计(电路图+原理图+程序)双坐标步进电机控制系统的设计(论文) 原材料仓物位智能检测系统的设计 单片机多用宽频转速计的设计智能家居安防红外报警器设计(附protel文件)基于单片机的多功能信号发生器设计(新品)数字示波器的设计(AVR单片机)(新品)基于单片机的中文输入系统设计(程序+电路原理图+PCB图)农业暖棚(温室)温湿度控制系统的设计基于单片机喷泉控制系统的设计参考地址:

这有一系列的毕业论文qq310852504

In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of SCM is unceasingly thorough. In real-time detection and automatic control of microcomputer application system, its often as a core component to use. But only the microcontroller knowledge is not enough, should be based on the hardware structure, perfect soft combination. Most current universities have established the microcontroller laboratory, basically equipped with experiment box and other hardware simulation equipment. But experiment box hardware circuit fixed, experiment content more difficult change, is hard to adapt to the rapid development of single chip microcomputer and cultivate students' SCM development ability, innovation ability. Using the Proteus software simulation technology, can to a certain extent make up for the shortage, build a virtual experimental platform, can achieve more practice, provide students to learn to disciplinary construction of conditions, has a positive meaning. In view of this, this article based on the single-chip microcomputer simulation environment, Proteus MICOCHIP company by the PIC microcontroller as the main control chip series with data storage units, combined with peripheral infrared sensor, LCD display, temperature sensing, dc motors, heating DianLuSi, alarm equipment, written in C control program main control chip design combines a automatic temperature monitoring and artificially infrared temperature adjustment is an organic whole, have alarm function of temperature control system. This design fully exert Proteus characteristics, reduce the cost and enhance practicability, benefit in university promotion.

单片机论文

单片机论文

在平时的学习、工作中,大家都经常接触到论文吧,论文是指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章。怎么写论文才能避免踩雷呢?以下是我为大家收集的单片机论文,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

摘要:

本文针对工科院校单片机课程中存在的问题进行探究,提出了以项目化教学作为主导的改革方案,以学生为本,充分调动学生的主观能动性和学习兴趣。

关键词:

项目;单片机教学;改革探索

单片机课程将程序设计、通信技术、微机接口等多种专业知识综合在一起,是一门工程性、实践性以及技术性很强的课程。单片机课程是电子信息和自动化等专业的核心课程。

1、单片机课程教学现状

教师教学手段较为单一

单片机是大规模集成电路的发展产物,内部结构较为复杂。各大工科类院校对于单片机教学,仍旧采用教师在课堂上面讲述相关的理论知识、单片机内部结构,然后讲解单片机的程序设计以及汇编语言,教学方式较为单一,使学生没能抓住学习的重点,丧失对单片机学习的热情和兴趣,导致教学质量越来越差[1]。

学生没有明确的学习目标

单片机课程的实践性和应用性较强,在学习时要以应用为主要目标,然而有许多教师在教学的过程中忽略了这一点,导致学生没有明确的学习目标,单纯地跟着教师的思路,缺乏学习自主性和探究意识,学习目标不明确,影响教学效率。

学生缺乏实践机会

学生在做实验时,主要的器材就是一本实验指导书、一个集成实验箱,学生按照指导书上面的流程机械式的进行实验,盲目的观察实验结果,对于实验中所应用到的一些原理模糊不清,导致学生在实验结束后仍旧对所学的内容有疑惑,没能掌握相关器材基本使用的方式,更没有将之运用到实际工程中的能力。

考核方式有着一定的局限性

各种工科类院校对于学生单片机课程考试仍旧采用笔试的方式,这种考试形式具有一定的局限性,不能真实客观的反映出学生的学习水平,更不能考察出学生的实践能力和动手能力,这种考试方式没能很好的与实践相结合,导致考核结果不具有客观性。

2、应用项目教学方法

项目教学方法能够很好的适用于技术教育,可以将学科体系的内容转化成若干教学项目,然后围绕着这些项目进行教学,教师要引导学生直接参与到项目教学整个过程中[2]。设计教学项目,着重强调让学生参与其中,在模拟的生产场景中,完成规定的项目,这是理论与实践的完美结合。

在项目教学整个过程中,学生要在规定的时间内,可以自由的进行讨论,安排整个过程的进度,如此有助于激发学生的创新能力和积极性,培养了学生分析、解决问题的能力和团队的协作能力。

3、项目教学法的实施步骤

如今许多单片机教科书中知识结构都是从简单的数制到较为复杂的单机硬件,最后再到复杂的系统接口技术。但项目教学法改变了传统的教学模式,教师能够灵活掌握课程的教学顺序,合理的安排教学任务,并结合自身多年教学经验,总结出几个步骤帮助学生对单片机进行有效的学习。首先应该对单片机有所感知,自己查找一些有关资料,进一步了解对单片机学习的必要性和应用性;其次教师要给学生布置一些项目具体的任务,例如制作秒表、电子万年历等,给每个学生分配具体的任务,让他们由浅及深的了解单片机课程;再次教师要对一些小模块进行具体的讲解和分析;最后以期末的实训内容作为引导,将之贯穿于整个理论教学的过程中,模拟出一些生产场景,增强学生实际动手能力,完成最终的项目教学目标。

4、项目的选择

项目化教学主要是以项目为主要载体,以任务作为动力,将实践和理论紧密的结合起来,使学生在完成任务过程中就能够充分掌握相关的技能和知识,进而不断提高学生的实践能力和学习效果。在设计教学时,要挑选合适的项目来保证改革效果。所选的项目既能包含单片机相关的知识,又不会过大的增加学生的学习负担,给学生造成一定的心理压力。

5、基于项目的单片机改革策略

以项目为主要导向

传统的教学方法主要是以教师讲授知识为主,重视教师、教材以及课堂教学,这种传统的教学模式主要强调理论知识的连续性和基础知识的运用,但却忽略了对学生兴趣以及创造能力的培养。现阶段,在课堂教学中要改变这种教学模式,变换传统的教学结构,打破原有的教学框架,将教材中原有的知识顺序分散成诸多小的知识点,运用一些经典的项目案例将这些小的知识点融入整个课堂教学,从而能够实现以项目为导向教学模式。

项目设置的方法

教师要对项目的实例进行选择,认真撰写项目的内容。所选的基础项目能够与学生自身的兴趣相符合,给学生布置一些功能简单易于实现的项目任务。选择技能项目,鼓励学生通过多种形式来实现项目的具体要求,对于学生独立思考的能力有着较高的要求,在教学过程中教师可以指导学生进行分组讨论,主要以学生互相讨论以及师生互动的形式进行。综合项目则是侧重学生知识的提高,对于一些能力较强的学生应该充分发挥出他们的钻研精神,能够在钻研的过程中提升自身专业技能。例如教师给学生布置一些制作秒表的项目任务,让学生自己动手,在制作的过程中将所学的知识运用到操作之中,使得学生们的理论知识与实践能力有效的.结合在一起。

测评环节

以项目为主要导向的教学过程中,考核的方式与传承考试也有所不同,考量学生的学习效果主要是通过综合评价实现的,主要评价有自我评价、教师评价、学生互评以及项目组长的评价等。

从项目框架的设计、需求的分析以及详细的方案等各个环节对学生进行点评打分。教师在评价的过程中,主要以支持和鼓励学生为主,可以增加学生自信心;在小组评价的过程中,应该着重了解学生在整个项目中所起到的作用,观察学生是否属于设计的主要人员,在设计的过程中是否配合等;在自我评价的过程中,要反映出自身在学习过程中所遇到的困难,在面对困难时是否能及时寻找到解决问题的方法,自我测评在今后的学习中有利于提升学生的学习效率。学生应该虚心接受别人的评价,在评价中才能够更快、更好地改善自己的不足之处,不断地完善自己。

6、结束语

项目教学法能够充分调动学生学习的积极性,在整个教学过程中,既提升了学生的实践能力,又促进了师生之间的情感交流。本文着重探讨了工科类院校单片机课程教学的现状,如教师教学手段较为单一、学生没有明确的学习目标、学生缺乏实践机会、考核方式具有一定的局限性。

本文也研究了应用项目教学方法、项目教学法的实施步骤、基于项目的改革策略等,主要是以项目为导向,设置项目方法优化测评环节。如此才能大幅度的提升学生们的实践能力、创新能力以及思维能力。

参考文献:

[1]李冰.单片机课程的项目化教学改革与实践[J].实验室科学.2014(1).

[2]郭毅飞,王华.项目教学法在单片机教学改革中的应用[J].湖南农机.2013(1).

摘要:

单片机是当前被运用到各个领域的一个技术产品,随着当前社会生产活动的增多,单片机被运用到众多的生产领域中,在一定程度上提升了人们的生活水平和质量。就当前单片机的使用情况看,单片机更多地被运用到电子技术领域中,提升电子领域的发展程度,例如在仪表仪器中使用单片机可以提升其智能程度;单片机在工业控制中通过自身功能的发挥,可使工业控制更加先进化。该文从单片机的概述入手,研究在电子技术发展中单片机运用的程度。

关键词:

单片机;电子技术;应用研究

20个世纪70年代,单片机得到快速的发展,形成一个品种较为全面,功能更加强大的技术产品,开始在各生产领域中运用。随着近半个世纪的发展,单片机取得更优质的成果,科技水平更加先进,在众多领域中实现高效运用,提升这些领域的发展程度。单片机现在在电子技术领域中得到广泛的使用,如在通信功能、仪表仪器等方面实现高效的运用,促进这些企业实现优质的发展。同时,随着单片机运用程度的增加,应用领域的扩展,其技术呈现创新发展趋势。

1、单片机的科学分析

概述

单片机是嵌入式系统的一个组成部分,它采用规模较大的电路技术将CPU、RAM、ROM以及定时器等众多功能集成在一个硅片上,继而形成一个具有完善功能的,微型的计算机系统。单片式是1970年左右开始在生产中运用,随着多年技术的革新和使用程度的加深,当前它在汽车电子,医疗器械,工业控制以及仪表仪器中得到运用。单片式发展速度较快,由最开始的4位单片机发展成8位单片机,到目前300M具有高速运转和处理能力的单片机。

主要特点

单片机是当前计算机发展的一个重要组成部分,随着计算机水平的增长,单片机也呈现高效革新的态势,且呈现不同用途的,不同型号的单片机产品。以AT89S52型号单片机为例,单片机目前重要的发展特点有6个方面。

第一,单片机具有使用方便的特点,单片机整体体积较小,系统构成较为简单,整体呈现模块化;

第二,对环境的要求较低,单片机具有较强的环境适应能力,可以在不同的环境得到运用;

第三,控制能力较强大,单片机有着较强的科技力量,通过众多功能的集成,其具有很强的控制功能;

第四,功能消耗较低,单片机在运行的时候只需要较低的电压,整体对功能的消耗低;

第五,速度快,单片机具有极强的处理功能,对各项数据和信息有着极快的处理速度;

第六,可靠性高,单片机可以实现长时间的工作,提升整体系统的运转能力。

2、电子技术中单片机的应用情况分析

手机通信中的运用

单片机在电子通讯中得到运用,主要体现在手机语音功能的建设中,单片机对手机语音信息进行识别,并开展相关操作。在手机的音频入口安置单片机可以使其收集众多的音频信息,系统分辨工作开展之后,向各个部件下具体的指令和信息,实现语音信息中的手机操作。

单片机提升医疗器械诊断正确性

人们在实现温饱之后,更加关注自身的健康,对医疗水平有着越来越高的需求。但是,在医疗建设的过程中总会出现一些问题,检测手段以及消毒水平存在一定的不足,影响整体医疗建设的质量。单片机在医疗器械中得到运用之后,大大减少了医疗问题的出现,使医疗工作得到一定程度的提升。单片机的使用增加了医疗设备的诊疗准确性,提升了诊断的精准性。同时,随着单片机在医疗器械中的运用,整体医疗设备朝着更加智能化、自动化的发展方向前进,使医疗诊断的结果更加精准,更好地为人们的健康提供医疗保障。

单片机使仪表仪器的使用更加智能化

单片机因其集成度高等特点被用于仪表仪器的生产,随着单片机科研水平的不断革新,仪表仪器的发展更加智能化,更加符合当前人们的使用需求。同时,随着单片机使用程度的增加,仪表仪器设备朝着数字化方向发展,整体测试水平较高,仪表仪器控制和处理的功能建设更加优质。例如,在航天仪器制造的时候,使用单片机这种先进的技术可以使仪器的精准性和集成性更强,提升航天电子系统的数字化程度,大大降低航天事故发生的几率。

家电中普遍使用单片机

单片机不仅在高科技的领域中实现运用,如医疗器械、仪表仪器等领域,同时也在日常生活中得到运用,例如在家电行业中。随着科研水平的发展,单片机越来越多地在生活中得到运用,提升人们生活的质量和幸福感。当前人们家庭生活中使用的洗衣机、微波炉以及电视机等家电都运用了单片机这项技术。在电视机的运用中,通过使用单片机使其系统控制技术更加先进,功能操作更加便捷。

例如,人们可以通过遥控器自由切换不同的电视频道,选择自己想看的电视节目。单片机在微波炉建造中,通过系统信息的处理,可以根据食材的不同进行科学的、自动的选择工作,主要是选择加热时所需要的温度和具体时间。单片机在洗衣机的系统控制中,可以根据衣物的材质以及脏污程度进行自动洗涤,对洗衣液的使用量、洗涤的强度控制以及详细的洗涤时间有着科学的控制和选择。

3、单片机在未来电子技术领域中开发趋势分析

随着社会生产实力的增强,科研技术程度更加深入,单片机型号和技能革新的速度会越来越快,其在电子领域的应用开发主要从以下3个方面进行。

对单片机程序开发

随着单片机自身开发程度的加深,其在嵌入式系统的建设中得到越来越全面的运用,目前已经不在裸机的环境中实现开发和使用。单片机已经实现一定程度的自动执行,可以对数据进行较强的储存,科学处理和传输数据。单片机具有较强的环境使用能力,可以保障计算机在不同的环境中实现正常的运转和数据的处理,对外界的物理参数实现高质量的采集,并对其进行逻辑分析和正确的处理。

优化C语言系统程序

C语言有着强大的数据处理能力,可以以简易的方式对编程语言开展编译、处理等工作,有着强大的编程能力。为了使单片机在复杂的计算数据和控制数据的环境中实现正常的使用,提升系统的集成和控制能力,一定要加强C语言在单片机中的运用程度。通过对C语言更深度的开发,可以加大单片机的开发程度和力度,进而拓展单片机使用和运用的范围和领域。

加强对计算机的研发

目前,单片机的制作中使用众多的通信接口,通过接口的连接可以和计算机进行数据的交流和沟通。可以说,单片机通过通信接口可以让通信设备和计算机形成一定的联系,可以使双方进行精准的数据支持,提升设备对数据的使用程度和运用程度。为此,要想对单片机进行深度的开发,应该对计算机进行系统的分析和运用,提升数据连接和传输的质量。

4、结语

单片机是当前计算机发展的一个重要组成部分,随着计算机水平的增长,单片机也呈现高效革新的态势,在电子领域实现高效的运用。突出表现在手机通信中和家庭电器的使用中,提升人们的生活建设质量。同时,单片机使仪表仪器的使用更加智能化,提升医疗器械的诊断正确性。在未来的发展中,可以通过对单片机程序进行开发、优化C语言系统程序以及加强对计算机的研发这3个方面提升单片机在电子领域的运用程度。

参考文献

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摘要: 随着电子科技的飞速发展,尤其是超大规模集成电路的出现,给我国的经济带来了实质性的改变。其中,对于单片机的使用已经在很多领域都有出现,比如说在工业自动化控制房间、在智能仪器仪表方面以及各种家用电器方面,单片机都起到了很大的作用。由于其极高的性能价格比,使其在电子时钟方面的应用也是很常见的。本文通过对普通单片机电子时钟的设计分析,从而达到对单片机进行更深入的学习与设计。

关键词: 单片机;电子时钟;设计分析

时钟就是一个最典型的例子,由于人们的生活速度越来越快,人们的时间观念也在不断增强,生活中处处离不开时钟,时钟对人们可以说是不可或缺的东西。现如今,时钟的样式很功能也越来越多,人们对时钟的精准度要求也越来越高。本文就是针对时钟的精准度来设计一个普通单片机电子时钟。

一、单片机的简单介绍

(一)单片机的定义与分类

单片机是一种集成电路芯片,采用超大规模集成电路技术把具有数据处理能力的中央处理器、随即存储器、只读存储器等集成到一块硅片上构成的一个小而完善的微型计算机系统。主要分类包括:STC系列单片机、AVR单片机、AT系列单片机等等 。

(二)单片机的应用与发展

目前,随着电子自动化的广泛应用,单片机以其自身的诸多优势已经应用到了各个领域之中,这些领域主要包括智能仪器仪表、计算机网络、机器人控制、工业控制、家电管理等等。由于单片机的优势很有多,在未来的生活中一定会被更多的领域所应用,有很好的发展趋势。

二、单片机电子时钟的设计方案

单片机电子时钟的构成主要由:一个8位CPU;一个片内振荡器及时钟电路;4K字节ROM程序存储器;256字节RAM数据存储器;两个16位定时器/计数器;可寻址64K外部数据存储器和64K外部程序存储器空间的控制电路;32条可编程的I/O线(四个8位并行I/O端口)和一个可编程全双工串行口组成。

单片机电子时钟的设计主要是对时钟的内部工作和外部显示进行设计,主要的设计方案则分为数字时钟方案和数码管显示方案。通过数字时钟和数码管显示的完美结合使电子时钟的质量得到完善和保证。

(一)数字时钟方案

这部分是单片机电子时钟最主要的设计,也是时钟内部工作部分。在单片机的内部存储器中设置三个分别代表时、分、秒信息的字节。在对内部的存储器进行设置的时候,要根据时钟的运作规律设定,时钟的工作是由内部的定时器和软件结合来实现的。对此设定1秒中断,以此来推动秒针的运动,而当秒针中断的次数达到60次的时候,则将其清零,同时分针的字节开始运行,以此类推,当分钟的中断次数达到60次的时候,时钟的字节开始运行。当时钟的字节达到24的时候,便将时钟的字节清零,以上的操作反复进行,这就是单片机电子时钟关于数字时钟的设计方案。这部分的设计起来比较繁琐,每个步骤都要做到很好的处理,设置时、分、秒的顺序也不能打乱。

(二)数码管显示方案

数码管显示方案主要是对时钟的外部显示进行设计,主要分为静态显示和动态显示两个部分,在电子时钟外部显示中占主导地位的就是动态显示。所谓动态显示就是根据内部设计中的秒针的运行情况,在出现的显示器数字的轮流点亮,每隔一段时间都要点亮一次,这部分要求显示器的扫描必须要有足够快的速度,只有这样,显示出来的字符才不会出现闪烁的效果。同时,秒钟和显示器的运作应该是保持一致的,否则在电子时钟运行的时候,就很容易出现时间上的误差,这种动态显示节省了I/O口,也会降低耗能。

(三)电子时钟的硬件选择

1、单片机的选择,在单片机电子时钟的设计中,通常都会选用AT89c52单片机,配备12MHz晶振,采用上电复位来对电路进行系统复位。

2、显示电路选择,在显示电路的选择上,采用软件译码动态显示。

3、电源选择,采用直流电源供电,电源基本选择在左右。

4、选择器的选择,通常采用741s04.

三、系统软件设计

对系统软件的设计主要包括软件的设计思想、总体设计以及按键扫描子程序。

(一)软件设计思想

根据人们对电子时钟功能的需求,需要设计出来的电子时钟程序必须具备动态扫描、时钟信号产生以及按键扫描处理等功能。利用单片机来实现电子时钟的这些功能,主要利用的方法就是分时复用,要协调好各个器件的占用时间,这样才能实现单片机电子时钟以上的功能,使电子时钟对人们的需求造成满足。

(二)总体设计

1、系统说明及设计框图

利用普通单片机制作的简易时钟,其主要的工作原理就是运用6个PNP管来分别控制6个LED数码管来完成时钟的运行工作。这里出现的6个数码管主要负责显示小时、分钟以及秒针的十位位置和个位位置,还会设定一个按键用于对时间的调整。

2、模块设计

普通单片机电子时钟的设计主要包括电源部分、复位电路、显示部分、控制部分、位选部分等几个模块。对于电源部分的技术,要从外部引入直流电,电流应该选择,这样就可谓电子时钟提供电源,使其能够正常运行。

位选电路、复位电路二极管、电解电容部位,在其运行的时候,相应的引脚也会出现不同。在开关按下时引脚RST为高电平1,断开时引脚为低电平0。

(三)按键扫描子程序

普通单片机电子时钟的运行,最好选用按键来切换各种不同的状态,这样不仅简单,容易操作,而且在电子时钟出现状况而需要查询按键信息的时候,电子时钟所具有的按键扫描功能就可以提供以往的按键情况,这种按键程序中还嵌套了按键扫描程序用来处理在不同情况下的电子时钟状态切换。

四、对整体系统进行调试

在单片机电子时钟设计完成之后,要对电子时钟所应用的系统进行简单的测试,仔细分析在测试的过程中所出现的问题,进行问题的统计与分析,从而找到合理、科学的解决方法。使单片机电子时钟更加完善。

(一)系统调试方法

对于单片机电子时钟各个系统的调试,首先要对每个单独的程序进行调试,将出现的问题归纳整理,找到合理的解决方法后,针对出现问题的程序进行系统的调试。确保每个程序都没有问题之后,再进行整体的调试工作。只有这样,才调试的过程中才会使调试工作有理有序的进行。

(二)系统时钟误差分析

时间准确,长时间不容易出现误差是一个时钟被认可的标准之一。对于系统误差,设计者应该及时进行误差的分析和调试工作。

在单片机电子时钟系统中,能够出现误差的地方有很多,比如说晶体频率的误差,定时器溢出误差以及延迟误差等等,设计者要结合不同的误差进行不同的分析,找出其内在的原因,从而拟定出解决的方案,使电子时钟的精准度提高。

(三)软件调试问题及解决

在软件调试的过程中,应该将调试的重点分别放在各个模块上,对这些模块的调试可以采取在线调试和离线调试两种方法,在调试过程中出现的问题要及时分析及时解决。

结语:

随着我国电子技术的迅速发展,单片机的应用也会越来越广泛,对于电子时钟系统的设计一定也会日趋完善,功能也会越来越全面,性能会更加稳定,可以预见,在未来的几年里,单片机的应用也会越来越广泛。更好的造福人们。

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一·基于MSP430 单片机的电源监控管理系统(单片机论文)引言大功率直流开关电源由PFC 和DC-DC 变换器组成,为了提高可靠性,并能够对其进行脱机或远程监控管理,在开关电源模块内设置监控管理系统。该系统对电源故障类进行监控,对电源输出的电压电流进行自动设定和调节,通过串行通信接口,与远程中心监控站进行远程监控和管理,这一功能在通信系统基站供电系统中尤为重要。本文提出了一种基于MSP430单片机的电源监控管理系统的设计和实现。1 系统结构和硬件电路设计系统的整体设计结构如图1所示。本系统采用的核心芯片为TI公司推出16位系列单片机MSP430。MSP430具有集成度高,外围设备丰富,超低功耗等优点。单片集成了多通道12bit的A/D转换、片内精密比较器、多个具有PWM功能的定时器、片内USART、看门狗定时器、片内数控振荡器(DCO)、大量的I/O端口以及大容量的片内存储器,采用串行在线编程方法,单片可以满足绝大多数的应用需要。 MSP430的这种高集成度使应用人员不必在接口、外接I/O及存储器上花太多的精力,而可以方便的设计真正意义上的单片系统,在许多领域得到了广泛的应用。下面介绍该系统可以实现的功能和基于MSP430F149的电控系统的设计。 系统功能:a.开机控制。上电后,单片机开始工作,按下电源键,点亮指示灯后,将电网220V接入PFC,开关电源启动工作,然后接于负载。b.电压设定和调节。用单片机A/D口采集开关电源的输出电压值,并显示于液晶屏上,通过单片机控制数字电位计调节输出电压值,实现自动调节;或者通过键盘的左右键选出电压调节页面,用上下键进行手动调节;也可以通过通信接口实现远程调节。c.电流调节。多台开关电源并联使用时,要求各台电源的负载电压相等。单片机A/D口采集转换成电压值的负载电流值,通过通信口得到各台电流值,取电流平均值,控制数字电位计调节输出电压,使输出负载电流达到平均值;或者通过键盘的左右键选出电流调节页面,用上下键进行手动调节。d.故障报警。单片机通过光电耦合器检测到各项输入输出故障时,扬声器产生蜂鸣,相应的报警灯闪烁,并在液晶屏上显示故障类型及处理方法。e.监测。单片机A/D口对电网电压,输出电压,输出电流进行采集测量,当出现超限时进行报警。f.通信。包括单片机与各台开关电源间的通信和单片机与中心监控站的通信。 电压调节电路电压调节电路由单片机、数字电位计X9313和可调分流基准芯片TL431组成,其电路原理图如图2所示。Xicor9313是固态非易失性电位器,可用作数字控制的微调电位器。TL431是TI生产的一个有良好的热稳定性能的三端可调分流基准源,它的输出电压用两个电阻就可以任意地设置到从VREF()到36V范围内的任何值。工作时,单片机的一个IO控制INC计数输入脚,为其提供计数脉冲,此输入端为下降沿触发。另一个IO控制U/D升降输入端,当U/D为高电平时,X9313内部计数器进行加法计数,VW端的输出电压上升,由于VW接地,使VH端电压降低,而TL431的REF输出端电压为恒定的,从而使Vcc处输出电压升高;同理当U/D为低电平时,Vcc处输出电压降低,这样就实现了电压输出调节。 模拟数据采集MSP430F149内嵌入一个高精度的,具有采样与保持功能的12位ADC转换模块,内部提供各种采样与保持时钟源。MSP430有8个外部输入通道可选, 最高采样速度可达200KHZ,并且还内置温度传感器,可以测量芯片内的温度,如果测量温度高于或低于预设的温度是,可以通过外接部件显示告警信息,同时具有6种可编程选择的内部参考电压。该转换模块为一些需要模拟量采集的场合提供了便利。我们选择的参考电压是0~,这样MSP430F149的AD分辨率就是 = 左右。由于输入的模拟电压量较高,不能直接与单片机的ADC采样端口相连,因此用串联一个滑动变阻器的方法进行了降压处理,成功解决了上述问题。 人机对话设计系统的人机操作界面由液晶显示屏、指示灯和键盘组成。液晶选用的是基于T6963C 的液晶模块YM12864。键盘采用的是3×3 的阵列接法,系统采用了图形用户界面,操作简单易行,显示实用美观。工作时,液晶屏可以实时显示采集到的电网电压、输出电压、输出电流及各种报警信息,操作相应键盘可以进行显示页面的切换,对输出电压,输出电流进行自动、手动及远程控制调节。当有报警信息产生时,相应得指示灯会闪烁警示,同时与单片机连接的扬声器会产生报警蜂鸣声,以提醒操作人员做出相应的处理。2 系统软件设计430 支持汇编语言和C 语言两种语言编程,因此可以在一个工程文件中同时用两种语言,使用汇编语言,便于在调试时寻找逻辑和指令的联系及地址的定位正确与否。使用C 语言进行编程大大减少了工作量,编好后的程序可读性好,易于修改和维护。开发工具使用IARSystems 公司的IAR Embedded Workbench,它集成了编辑、编译、链接、下载与在线调试(Debug)等多种功能,使用方便,并具备高效的C 语言编译能力。考虑到软件开发效率及可维护性,系统软件设计遵循模块化的编程思想,将系统功能划分为几个相对独立的功能模块。它们包括:液晶显示模块、AD 转换模块、按键监测响应模块、报警监测响应模块、电压电流调节模块、数据处理模块、通信模块。每个模块都要进行独立的测试,最后结合到一起。整个系统的软件流程图如图3 所示。按键监测模块是其中的重要组成部分,它控制着AD转换的启动,显示页面的切换,及电压电流的自动调节,手动调节,远程调节的启动和切换。报警监测模块对开关电源的保护起着至关重要的作用,它实时的监测着开关电源是否出现故障,当发生输入电压过压,输入电压欠压,PFC故障时应切断总电源,当发生输出电压过压,输出电压欠压,模块过热,及IPM保护故障时应关断DC-DC变换器。在对各模块进行整合时,要注意各中断之间的冲突。由于在MSP430 的中断优先级中,ADC12 采样转换中断优先级高于TIMERA 中断,因此当在响应TIMERA 中断的过程中会执行ADC12 采样转换中断,或者TIMERA 的中断响应被迫延迟,这样就会影响在TIMERA中断中执行的报警监测响应程序,不能达到对开关电源故障类的实时检测。在本系统中,利用按键控制ADC12 采样转换中断的启动和关闭,从而解决中断冲突。3 结论本文在基于MSP430F149电源监控管理系统的设计和实现的基础上对MSP430的系统设计做了讨论,提出并解决了在设计中出现的问题。本文作者的创新点:利用MSP430的系统结构简单,外围电路少,效率高的特点,设计实现了简洁直观、使用方便、操作全程汉字提示、监控能力强、运行稳定、安全可靠的电源监控管理系统,大大降低了成本,取得了相当可观的经济效益,满足实际需求。二·C语言论文:嵌入式以门槛高,入门难的方式拦截了无数的学者。然而单片机作为嵌入式的入门课,如何以一种正确的方法学习单片机将关系到是否能学习好嵌入式。纵所周知,学习嵌入式先玩ptotel,再做单片机。Protel简单的来说就是一个做PCB板的纯英文的软件。学习ptotel前必需具备一定的电路基础和英语能力,电路基础我想大部分同学都是有的,而英语这一块却是许多人所头疼的。这对英语基础差的同学是一种打击,再者如果毅力不强,我想你是自学不下去的。毅力是学任何东西所必需的一种能力、素质,是一种遇挫折而不言败的决心。不管学的是protel还是单片机,首先要找一个能够指导你的人。何谓指导,指导并不是说他要一步一步地教你去做,而是一个在关键时刻能够为你指出一条道路的人。我认为学习嵌入式方法最重要,在学protel和单片机之前应该想办法了解关于学习它们的方法。比如说protel吧,许多人理科的学生都是以一种纯理解的角度去学的,画一个导线、元件问一下为什么要这样画,生成网络表也追根溯源地问个网络表的由来。其实许多东西只是懂用就行,理论的东西懂得再多不懂用也是枉然的。所以学习protel有地方不懂你就问你的指导员,有许多的东西是规定死了的,不是你想半天一夜就可以为你而改变的。这不同于软件设计,软件设计在你的苦思之下也许可以找到另一种更好的方法。 单片机嘛,不得不承认中国没一本单片机好书。我学习单片机的时候看过的单片机书有七本,大多数都是不尽人意的。在这里我冒昧地说:中国人写书确实缺乏一点“读者至上”的原则。我所看过的单片机书我想有很多都是以他的角度去写的,没有几个人是站稳在读者的角度上写的。书上的章节注释极不清楚,许多重要的地方都是没有说明的,说句不好听的话,作者似乎以为读者的水平也像他一样高。而外国人的书呢,同样的书,同样的知识点,有同样的中国人的书的两三倍那么厚,这是为什么。这是因为外国人的书点点滴滴都是面向着读者的。注释、说明、总结应有尽有。所以,我在这里发表一个也许同胞会扔鸡蛋到我身上的观点,那就是:不管学什么,优先选择外文翻译书,或是纯英文书。得到一本好书对我们的影响极为巨大。这一部分我用一句话来总结就是:中国人的书适合教学,而外国人的书不仅适合教学还适合自学。 中国人的单片机书往往都是先介绍单片机的内部结构、中断,定时器,然后再到I/O口。一开始就让我们学习单片机内部结构,中断、定时器的内部结构和原理,把我们弄得一塌糊涂的时候再和我们讲例子,怎样去操作实验板。如果自学的话我想许多同学是学不下去的,干嘛要把非得把单片机的内部结构像解剖学一样弄个彻底才实践去应用它呢?即使你把单片机全解剖清楚了还是不会用你手中的这块实验板的。我觉得如果在学单片机之前没有学过汇编语言就直接用C语言学的话,即使学完了单片机,对单片机的内部结构和单片机的工作原理也是不清楚的。学了汇编之后再学单片机的话效果将会好得多,所以不要心急,有些东西是急不来的。所以我认为学习单片机要在实践中学习,先实践再去了解它的结构和原理,如果你实在不能了解它的结构和原理那也无所谓的,只要你懂得用就可以了!(没学过汇编的只能这么说了)我们可以先从 I/O口学习,看一些例子烧录些程序,再看一下现象,之后再尝试了解一下所要用到的单片机的内部结构,最后在这个现象的知识基础上,编一个自己想要的程序、现象出来。这样学习的话既不无聊,成就感也有了。为什么有些人可以把学习当一种快乐,而许多人在唉声叹气,我想有一部分是出自这个原因。不同的实验板有不同的PCB图,所以I/O的操作也是有所不同的。不过操作的原理都是一样的,有些同学可能会抱怨教程里的实验板和自己手中的实验板不同,这是大可不必多虑的。I/O这一步在调试中看现象的理念很重要,比如改变一个语句会产生何种现象,为什么会产生,这些都是要在调试中掌握的。中断的学习方法也是类似的,先实践发现有陌生的地方就去查看相应的寄存器,等实现了自己想要的现实再慢慢地解剖一下单片机的寄存器,这样学起来会更有意义,记得更牢。中断也没复杂的东西的,只不过学几个中断函数,优先级之类的。有一定C语言基础的同学在优先级这一块可以联系C语言中运算符的优先级,我相信有了C语言基础定义一两个中断函数也不是什么问题了的。我学过的单片机的内容在我文档的实例之中,实例的数量不多,但这些都是直接点击单片机知识点的。随着我的学习渐渐地深入后我再把我实现过的东西写入实例之中吧。希望对你有所帮助,祝成功!

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