中学用英语论文

中学用英语论文

在初中时，你们英语课上有接触过议论文吗?下面是我给大家整理的初中英语议论文写作，供大家参阅!

Television has come into our life for many years.

We can’t live happily without television. Jt can give us the latest information and news. It can open up our eyes and enlarge our knowledge. We can get happiness from the plays on television. We’ll be boring all day if there is no television. Television programs are attractive. After a whole day’s hard worlk we can sit before the television and drink a cup of tea. How wonderful it is!

Television is also bad for people’s health. It’s bad for you to watch TV too long, especially bad for your eyes.

It is true that watching TV can influence our behavior. However, it depends on what we do.

We are middle school students and we are busy with our lessons. So some people think we should concentrate more on our studies. If we volunteer to help others, it’s a waste of time. But I think volunteering is great. I not only feel good about helping others but also get to spend time doing what I love to do. And from volunteering I have learned many things that I have never learned in class. So if I have an oppoutunity, I’d like to visit old people’s home to clean up for them. I’d also like to help sick kids in hospital. I love kids and I plan to put my love to good use by working in hospital. In a word, I’d like to help people who need help. If everyone helps out a bit, the world will be more colorful.

Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. It offers a lot of advantages. The most important one is convenience. You can shop whenever you like because the online shops are open 24 hours a day. And you don’t have to queue with others. And it is often cheaper to buy goods through the Internet and it is also easy to find what you are looking for.

There are some disadvantages, too. You can not see the products or check their qualities. Besides you can not enjoy walking around the shops and talking with your friends.

8Should We Keep the Students in School All the Time?

Hello, we should keep the students in school all the time is a hot topic among educationists,teachers and teachers think that in order to let the students have more time for their lessons and develop their good behaviors,the schools are supposed to be sealed off,so the students can't go out and have to stay at some teachers and the students hold a different believe that would cause some students will have no time for relax,doing something they like,and that would do harm to their health,as well as their my mind,I don't think it's a good way to keep the students in school all day every one of us,need time and places for do not keep the students in school all the time,for our students and education,

That's all,thank you.

As the old saying goes(正如老话所言), a life without a friend is a life without a sun.(生活没有了朋友就像没有了太阳).But some people may say,we teenagers may let our friends talk us into doing bad as to pleased their so called "friend".This is because we teenagers are lack of the self-control ability.

I like staying with friends. Because friends are always give me a helping hand when in course, I will treasure(珍惜) my friendship no matter what.

10In modern society, people tend to be self-centered. Yet in my opinion, helping others should still be encouraged.

First of all, when you give a hand to a person in need, not only will he be free from the trouble but you will also feel good helping him.

Apart from that, helping others facilitates an efficient civilization. After the threshold of the new century of information explosion, it's not enough to perform on one's own any more. Teamgeist and cooperation are gaining importance.

Thus from the above mentioned two reasons, i hold the opinion that helping others benefit the most.

第一篇Hi,I’m xxx. I'm 13 years old and I study in xxx Middle School. My school is ...Every morning I get up at seven and have breakfast. And then I go to school at half past seven. Lessons begin at eight o’clock. We have four lessons in the morning and Chinese is my favourite lesson. We usually have 10 minute's break between two lessons and at about 12 o'clock we finish our morning lessons. I have lunch at school at twelve like school lunch and I always have rice with meat and vegetables. After lunch I often talk with my friends or play basketball with them. In the afternoon lessons start at half past one and finish at four o’clock. I play games after school with my friends and then go home at half past four. In the evening I do my homework and then watch TV. At ten o’clock I go to bed. It’s really a busy day but I like it.第二篇 As we can see, the world population is growing rapidly day by day. So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big population. What's more, with the development of industry, factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes, which consequently results in the pollution of water. Though fresh, a good amount of it can no longer be used. Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human beings. So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water resource. Stop pollution and save water, otherwise, we cannot survive on the earth. With fresh water, the world will be prosperous第三篇 保护水资源： As we can see, the world population is growing rapidly day by day. So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big population. What's more, with the development of industry, factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes, which consequently results in the pollution of water. Though fresh, a good amount of it can no longer be used. Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human beings. So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water resource. Stop pollution and save water, otherwise, we cannot survive on the earth. With fresh water, the world will be prosperous.翻译如下：正如大家看到世界人口增长迅速日。 给这类大的人口需要有足够的淡水。 怎么还有与工业事务局研究工厂和车辆产生有毒气体或，因此导致污染的水的废物。 虽然新鲜的可以不再使用好的量。 只有很有限的新鲜水资源可供人类。 因此，它是我们人类采取快速行动，保护水资源的时候了。 停止污染和保存水，否则，我们不能生存在地球上。 新鲜的水世界将会繁荣。改革开放：It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a policy of opening up China to the outside has resulted in great changes taking place in various fields. With the nine-year compulsory education(九年制义务教育) program,all children have the chance to be the past 30 years,China has made great progress in science and 2003,China launched its first manned spaceship and fulfilled its first space walk in economy is developing fast,people's living conditions have greatly improved. In addition,there have also been great changes in 29th Olympics were successfully hosted in Beijing and Chinese athletes won the most gold medals. I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 is the leadership of the Communist Party and the great efforts of us Chinese people that made all these are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious 'm sure China will have a brighter future and Chinese people will live a happier life.第四篇保护水资源： As we can see, the world population is growing rapidly day by day. So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big population. What's more, with the development of industry, factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes, which consequently results in the pollution of water. Though fresh, a good amount of it can no longer be used. Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human beings. So it's high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water resource. Stop pollution and save water, otherwise, we cannot survive on the earth. With fresh water, the world will be prosperous.翻译如下：正如大家看到世界人口增长迅速日。 给这类大的人口需要有足够的淡水。 怎么还有与工业事务局研究工厂和车辆产生有毒气体或，因此导致污染的水的废物。 虽然新鲜的可以不再使用好的量。 只有很有限的新鲜水资源可供人类。 因此，它是我们人类采取快速行动，保护水资源的时候了。 停止污染和保存水，否则，我们不能生存在地球上。 新鲜的水世界将会繁荣。改革开放：It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a policy of opening up China to the outside has resulted in great changes taking place in various fields. With the nine-year compulsory education(九年制义务教育) program,all children have the chance to be the past 30 years,China has made great progress in science and 2003,China launched its first manned spaceship and fulfilled its first space walk in economy is developing fast,people's living conditions have greatly improved. In addition,there have also been great changes in 29th Olympics were successfully hosted in Beijing and Chinese athletes won the most gold medals. I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 is the leadership of the Communist Party and the great efforts of us Chinese people that made all these are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious 'm sure China will have a brighter future and Chinese people will live a happier life.翻译如下：这是三十年以来中国开始改革与开始的外部 中国开放政策，导致在各个领域发生的巨大变化。 于九年强制 education(九年制义务教育) 程序所有孩子都有机会被 在 30 年中国已取得很大进展科技 2003、 中国推出其第一次的载人的飞船和完成首次空间行走在 经济发展迅速、 人民生活条件大大改善。 此外，也有很大的变化在 29 奥运成功承载在北京和中国运动员赢得最大的金牌。 我的确感到自豪的丰功伟绩在过去的 30 是共产党的领导和我们中国人作出所有这些 正在努力向更先进，和谐 确信中国将会有一个光明的前景和中国人民将过幸福生活的努力。电脑利弊：The main disadvantages are: some of the young people are too obsessed with the network control poor, it will trap into the network. Relevant data show that young people indulge in network performance is more than 89 percent plummet. Online games will have a strong young vanity has led to some young people have an unhealthy psychological, severely hampered the normal development of young people. There are fighting games so that some young people think that real life can be like a virtual network of the world as ruled by the law of the jungle to the world today, leading toward the path of crime. Play the role of those villains, so that boys like girls change, but it's like boys girls. The trap of the second network, some people because of social discontent, the network's own desire to radiation, leading to others on the network by fraud, deceived many examples, list goes benefits, save time and effort before the provincial lesson entirely on hand-written, time-consuming and laborious, much more will have to modify. Preparation of a computer is now "semi-automatic", and the school to teach all the prior knowledge input into the computer, after layout, modify, save, and finally print it out; the same can also copy the link. Computer is time-saving, labor-saving good helper, it gives me more time to study materials, the design of better teaching methods.第五篇I like badminton and basketball,basketball is my favourite sport,I like basketball best. I always wear a T-shirt,shorts and runners to play basketball. I can throw the basketball in the net, I think it is easy, but someone think it is hard, I can catch the basketball,too. On Sundays,I am a bbasketball like to watch basketball game on TV, Yao Ming is my favourite basketball player, I want to be a real basketball player someday. 第六篇Hello everyone !DO you like sports? Let me tell you whate my favorite sport I like tennis of playing tennis makes me be healthy and can run on the playgrond and enjoy it every I really like playing tennis very mnch! 第七篇a meaningfull activity Last month I went to the hometown with my family,We decided to swim in the river where my father often swim when he was when we got there,there was only a dirty river,so we thought we got to a wrong there was a old man,he said:"Here is a place where you want to go".He look so sad when he said he said:"Two years ago,here was really a beutifu place,but one day,many visitors come here and threw rubbish river be dirty and dirty,and it look like this now".When I heard this,I think we should protect our was really a meaningful activity第八篇Our school has now started an activity called “Build Civilized Classes and a Harmonious Campus.” The topic is “ Get Rid of Bad Habits and Greet Civilization”. Bad habits do exist. Some students throw rubbish everywhere or spit in public. Some wear long hair. Others are even addicted to smoking and drinking. We require that the students break away from these bad habits. We urge the students to wear their school uniform and be polite to others. During the activity, we’ll hold a picture show, a competition of classroom and dormitory decorations and so on. We all hope that we’ll build each class into a civilized one and our campus into a harmonious place.第九篇.My Birthday PartyIt’s July23. Today I am16 years old. I am going to have a party at home and I am waiting for all my friends to come. They are going to bring?lots of beautiful presents with them. My parents are preparing a lot of nice things to eat and drink. At the party we are going to play games, sing songs, dance and listen to music. I think we will have a good time.

英语论文中引用

1、若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如：

The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper 9).

这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名)；阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成)；作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号；句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。

2、被引述的文字如果超过三行，则应将引文与论文文字分开，如下例所示：

Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas” is an admirable and characteristic diatribe. And if one is sorry that in it Whitman is unable to conceive the extreme crises of society, one is certain that no society would be tolerable whose citizens could not find refreshment in its buoyant democratic idealism.(Chase 165)

这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格，即应从第十一格打起；二是引文不需加引号，末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。

3、如需在引文中插注，对某些词语加以解释，则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如：

Dr. Beaman points out that “he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9).

值得注意的是，本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中，故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。

4、如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点， 如出现在引文末，则用四个点,最后一点表示句号，置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号)；点与字母之间，或点与点之间都需空一格。如：

Mary Shelley hated tyranny and “looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43).

5、若引文出自一部多卷书，除注明作者姓和页码外，还需注明卷号。如：

Professor Chen Jia’s A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers “a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i).

圆括弧里的1为卷号，小写罗马数字i为页码，说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线；规范的格式是：书名，包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线，或用斜体字；其他作品，如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出，如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。

6、如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品，除注明引文作者及页码外，还要注明作品名。如：

Bacon condemned Platoas “an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35).

Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine (Aristotle 15).

这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式), 其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。

7、评析诗歌常需引用原诗句，其引用格式如下例所示：

When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface, “The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...”().

这里，被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开，斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格；圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写；21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行，仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开。

1、英语论文中引用名人名言的格式通常分为直接引用和间接引用。 直接引用先介绍名人的来历，后面直接引出名人的原话。 例如：According to Francis Bacon, a renowned British writer and philosopher, Money is a good servant and a bad master. 翻译：英国著名作家和哲学家培根（FrancisBacon）说：“金钱是一个好仆人，也是一个坏主人。” 间接引用 间接引用通常为引用俗语或者古话。 例句：There goes a saying that he knows most who speaks least. 翻译：有句俗语说，谁说得最少，谁知道得最多。 2、英语论文中引用一句句子的格式是：As an old saying goes+(引用的句子)。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。 3、正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 （即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。

通常有两大类，常见格式如下：1、 ……, one of the renowned writers in …, once said that …… According to …, one of the renowned writers in …, ……. According to Francis Bacon, a renowned British writer and philosopher, "Money is a good servant and a bad master."2、There goes a saying that …. As a saying goes, …. As a proverb says, …. There goes a saying that he knows most who speaks least. As a proverb says, he laughs best who laughs last.备注：第一类最为正式，有名有姓还可说明其身份或主业所在，常见于引用当下或当代的名人；第二类适用于古代的尤其是记不住名字的名人，更常见于引用谚语、公理或俗语。

要的 否则就是抄袭

英语论文答辩中的用语

英文论文答辩结尾

同学们设计好开场白的同时也要想好怎样结尾，给老师一个好的影响。

Good morning, professors and everyone. I come from JMU College. I am XXX and my supervisor is prof XXX. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, I have finished my paper.

The title of my paper is An Analysis of Ahab’s Personality Tragedy in Moby Dick. I choose this title as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this work as this is one of the texts in our American literature course . Last but not least , Moby-Dick is widely recognized as the summit not only of Melville’s art but of American nineteenth-centry fiction.

The purpose of this essay is to study Captain Ahab,the role in Moby-Dick, whose leg was bitten by the white whale in his process of the whaling. After losing his leg, he determined to revenge Moby Dick and tried to kill it. In order to revenge, Ahab ultimately dooms the crew of the Pequod (save for Ishmael) to death by his obsession with Moby Dick. By taking the comprehensive analysis perspective of Moby-Dick, this thesis will point out that the main characteristics of Ahab.

This paper consists of three parts. Part one presents an introduction to the Social Background and the life of the Author Herman Melvillehe ,Part two presents The Main Characteristics of Ahab. there are three aspects have been divided to analyze his characters: his monomania , his selfishness, and his individualism. Part three presents The Consequences of Ahab's Personality Tragedy.

OK, that's all. Thank you !

Questions :

1. 怎样运用理论去分析的

2. 针对你论文中的'某个商标翻译而考你噢，所以要熟悉你论文中作为例子的翻译

3. 什么是monomania(偏执狂)?

4. 白鲸记的象征意义有哪些

5. 亚哈船长为何复仇

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：

I am Zhao Jing. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Zhong Ming, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

The title of my paper is The Masculine Spirit of The Old Man and the Sea

The whole thesis consists of 3 parts. The first part will give brief introductions on the background which contains the social and cultural aspects and the introduction to the author of the masterpiece. In The second part is going to have a brief

introduction of the old man and the sea and analyze the masculine spirits in the old man and the sea such as the faith optimistic and the wisdom of the hero. In the third part, it is the natural conclusion and the deep consideration.

I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this novel as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times. Last but not the least, I’m deeply appreciated to the masculine spirit and hope I can get and practice it in my future. For the above facts, I select the subject of The Masculine Spirit of The Old Man and the Sea as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this novel we can know more about the author Hemingway and his honorable masculine spirit. “A man can be destroyed but not be defeated.” Such kind of spirit can

help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

That’s you!

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am *** and my supervisor is prof.***. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction. The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective as the title of my paper.

英语语用学的论文

广告英语的语用学分析

论文关键词：广告英语；言语行为理论；会话含义理论；关联理论；语用学

广告已经成为现代社会生活中不可缺少的部分。

一、英语广告语言的语用学分析 1．言语行为理论及其在广告英语中的体现

(1)言语行为理论

(2)言语行为理论在广告英语中的体现

2．会话含义理论及其在广告英语中的体现

(1)会话含义理论

(2)会话含义理论在广告英语中的体现

3.关联理论及其在广告英语中的体现

(1)关联理论。

(2)关联理论在广告英语中的体现

结语 :英语广告语言是否能够准确地传递信息，在漫不经心中激发不愿合作的目标受众对该广告产品的兴趣甚至购买的欲望是广告的终极目的。从语用学的角度分析英语广告语言能够给英语广告语言的选择与创新提供借鉴意义。

Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies 二语词汇习得策略 [摘 要] 词汇是构成语言的基本单位，词汇习得在语言学习中占有重要地位。英国著名语言学家. Wilkins (1972) 说过：“没有语法，人们不能表达很多东西；而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何东西。”这就说明了词汇在学习中的重要性。本文旨在分析二语词汇习得策略并应用于不同水平的学习者。学习者根据自己的水平选择正确的习得方法和策略学习词汇，从而提高学习效率和习得效果。 关键字： 二语词汇习得 词汇习得策略 元认知策略 认知策略 Abstract Vocabulary is the basic unit of a language. Language acquisition plays an important role in language learning. Famous linguistics D. A. Wilkins said, “Without grammar, very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed (Lewis, 1993:16).” It speaks volumes for the importance of vocabulary in language learning. This paper aims to analysis the second language acquisition strategies and applies to different levels of learners. According to the different levels, the learners should choose the proper methods and strategies to promote learning efficiency and acquisition effect. Key words: Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition； Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies； Metacognitive strategy； Cognitive strategy Introduction With economic globalization and multi-polarization of the world, especially the population of the internet, English becomes more and more important, because it is considered as the tool for absorbing and communicating information. As we all known, vocabulary acquisition is one of the most noticed-question of the second language learners. “Vocabulary” appears in the area of linguists’ study. Nowadays, researchers still can not give a complete and reasonable definition of vocabulary. Since 1970s, the second language vocabulary acquisition research has gradually become the hot point and important subject in the second language vocabulary acquisition research area. These researches aim to discuss the efficiency vocabulary memory strategies to promote the memory skills and vocabulary levels. Then how to acquire vocabulary become popular among the researchers. Wenden &Rubin (1987), O’Malley& Chamot (1990) refer to the content of vocabulary acquisition strategies; Rubin (1987) and Oxford (1990) classify the memory strategy to the direct cognitive strategies. Especially, CohenAphek (1981), Porte (1988), O’Malley (1990), Vann (90), Cohen (1990), etc made a basic searching of vocabulary acquisition. In a word, there are various opinions in how to acquire vocabulary. Firstly, it talks about the importance of vocabulary. Secondly, what does it mean to “acquire” a word? This paper mainly aims to the detail analysis of the vocabulary acquisition from three aspects：Meta-cognitive Strategy; Cognitive Strategy and Social or Affective Strategy. Especially, it highlights the effect of the context and rending to vocabulary acquisition. This paper talks about the applications of the vocabulary acquisition strategies. And it puts forward some problems and difficulties of vocabulary acquisition. This paper also discusses the influencing factors to the acquisition. It includes the mother tongue, age, language contact, logical thinking ability, identity degree, and academic motivation . The purpose of this paper is to rise the awareness of English learners that the importance of vocabulary in language learning and the vocabulary acquisition strategies can not be neglected, and each strategies is deeply rooted in its language. Through the analysis of the theory of study, the paper tries to draw the learner’s attention to the strategies of the second language vocabulary acquisition and using the vocabulary in communication. In order to improve the acquisition efficiency, some strategies put into practice are introduced. The first presents the importance of vocabulary, some basic concepts of vocabulary and vocabulary learning, the second part tells what does it mean to know a word, the third part deals with the theory of vocabulary acquisition and presents the factors and differences influencing the vocabulary acquisition. The fourth part is detailed discussion of vocabulary acquisition strategies in different levels of learners. The last part is conclusion. Literature review 1. The importance of vocabulary As the first time, when we go to school and our English teacher will tell us that vocabulary is of great importance in learning English. After several years, we understand words gradually, especially when we study in high school. If we know a little about vocabulary, we may have poor English. That is because the listening, speaking, reading and writing show the necessary of learning vocabulary. Many researchers agree that lexis is at least as important as structure, because it is using wrong words and not wrong grammar that usually breaks down communication. Mistakes in lexis much more often lead to misunderstanding and may be less generously tolerated outside classroom than mistakes in syntax. (Carter, 1987). As Stephen Krashen remarked, “When students travel, they don’t carry grammar books, they carry dictionaries. A significant role of vocabulary in both teaching and learning processes was first stated by Stephen Krashen in The Natural Approach (1985): “Vocabulary is basic for communication. If acquirers do not recognize the meaning of the key words used by those who address them they will be unable to participate in the conversation.” Words are basic tools in human communication; therefore they determine the main part of people’s life-relationships between people and associations with the surrounding world that people live in. The larger one’s vocabulary, the easier it is to express one’s thoughts and feelings. In real communication, correctly and idiomatically used vocabulary can even decrease some structural inaccuracy and grammar errors. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). So learners should enrich and expand their knowledge of words as much as possible in order to communicate effectively in a foreign language. 2. What does it mean to “know” a word? Knowing a word is not a simple phenomenon. In fact, it is quite complex and goes far beyond the word’s meaning and pronunciation. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). Richards (1976) think knowing a word means also knowing the frequency of words and their likely collocates; being aware of the functional and situation limitations that apply; knowledge of the “syntactic behavior”; derivational forms and word class; associative and connotative knowledge; semantic value-breaking down words into minimal units as with componential analysis (see Katz&Fodor1963or Leech1974); knowing the other (possible) meaning associated. Nagy and Scott (2000) identify several dimensions that describe the complexity of what it means to know a word. First, word knowledge is incremental, which means that readers need to have many exposures to a word in different contexts before they “know” it. Second, word knowledge is multidimensional. This is because many words have multiple meanings and serve different functions in different function in different sentences, texts, and even conversations. Third, word knowledge is interrelated in that knowledge of one word connects knowledge of other words. What all of this means is that “knowing” a word is a matter of degree rather than an all-or-nothing proposition (Beck&Mckeown, 1991; Nagy&Scott, 2000). The degree of knowing a word are reflected in the precision with which we use a word, how quickly we understand a word, and how well we understand and use words in different modes and different purpose. The memory strategy, cognitive strategy, social strategy and metacognitve strategy are used more frequently than the affective strategy and compensative strategy. Conclusion This paper has attempted to provide some theories of second language vocabulary acquisition and some strategies. Such as metacognitive strategy, cognitive strategy, and social strategy. However, this paper also put forward some microcosmic strategy. As a matter of fact, vocabulary acquisition should combine the context. In addition, this paper hasn’t mentioned that culture is also an important factor in vocabulary acquisition. In the study of second language vocabulary acquisition, we should pay attention to the process and the acquiring results. This paper focuses on the study of the second language vocabulary acquisition strategies. Bibliography [1] . Chamot. The Learning Strategies of ESL Students. In A. L. Wenden & J. Rubin, (eds), Learner Strategies in Language Learning, 1987. [2] Cater. R. and M. McCarthy. Vocabulary and Language Teaching. New York: Longman, 1987. [3] Nation, L. S. P. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. New Newbury House Publishers, 1990. [4] O’Malley, J. & Chamot, A. U.. Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition [J]. Cambridge University Press, 1990:12-15. [5] 陈桦，张益芳.中国儿童英语词汇记忆策略探究[J].外语学刊,2001(4). [11] 戴曼纯. 论第二语言词汇习得研究[J]. 外语教学与研究，2002(2). [12] 徐德凯.大学英语词汇教学理论与实践[M].长春：吉林出版集团有限责任公司，2009. [6] 王文宇.观念、策略与英语词汇记忆[J].外语教学与研究，1998(1). [13] 文秋芳. 英语学习策略论.上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996. [7] 吴霞，王蔷.非英语专业本科生词汇水平研究. 外语教学与研究，1998(1). [15] 张纪英.英语词汇学教学与研究[M]. 武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2007. [16] 朱厚敏. 英语词汇学习策略研究[M] 长春：吉林大学出版社，2009.

语义学在大学英语英语词汇教学的运用 摘要: 词汇教学是英语教学的根基。大学英语学习已经进入高级阶段,传统的英语词汇教法很多时候已经无法解决学生在词汇学习中常出现的问题。本文结合语义学原理和教学实践,重点探究了语义学中并置理论、结构语义学、框架语义学、语义成分分析、格语法在大学英语词汇教学的运用,旨在提高大学英语词汇教学质量。 关键词: 语义学大学英语词汇教学运用语义学词汇教学质量 一、问题的提出 随着素质教育的开展和新课程改革的实施,我国大学英语教学有了新的突破,教学重点开始转向提高学生的英语应用能力,而词汇问题成为能否提高学生的英语应用能力的关键。传统的英语词汇教法仅仅要求学生识记单词的发音、拼写、汉语意思,这就导致学生学习的单词是孤立的,从而出现学生无法辨别近义词、词语搭配不当、英语“汉化”等现象。如何让学生正确快速地学会词汇,是每个大学英语教师应该关注的话题。本文针对学生在词汇学习中常出现的问题,结合笔者的教学经验和语义学理论,归纳出以下教学方法,旨在激发学生兴趣,提高大学英语词汇教学质量。 二、语义学在大学英语词汇教学的运用 (一)并置理论 并置理论是研究英语中某些词与另一些词之间的一种相关的关系。如mother(母亲)这个词在语言的应用中经常与nail varnish(指甲油),son(儿子),father(爸爸)等词一起使用,而很少和shave(刮胡子)连用。由此可见,并置理论不是指词汇的含义,而是指词与词之间的搭配关系。这种搭配关系是人们在长期使用语言的过程中的习惯用法。 然而目前大学生在学习英语中普遍出现词语搭配不当的问题,学生只记住了英语词汇的汉语意思,而不了解词语的习惯用法和潜在含义。例如:grow children(应为rear children)。此外学生由于受汉语思维干扰,往往按照汉语的习惯来进行词语搭配。如:I very like to play football.(应为I like to play football very much.) 因此,在大学英语词汇教学过程中,英语教师可以利用并置理论指导学生学习词语的合理搭配。在指导过程中,教师应向学生明确指出,词语的结伴关系具有可能性和限制性,词语的合理搭配会受很多因素制约。比如有时受语法决定,有时受词的语义特征制约,有时约定俗成,等等。这些需要教师根据具体情况具体教学。另外,教师还需要向学生特别指出词语的破格搭配。一些词语在一般情况下没有结伴关系,但在特殊情况下可以搭配。例如:lash the waves(白费力气)。除此之外,在习语中、文学作品中及新词语中常出现破格搭配,因此,学生需要注意平时积累。 (二)结构语义学 结构语义学主要研究“含蓄的”语义关系(Implicational Relations),这种理论更关注某些词或词组与另一些词或词组之间的“语义关系”,而不是像传统语义学那样只是孤立地研究词汇的语义现象,而忽略词汇之间的语义关系。含蓄的语义关系主要分为:下义关系(Hyponymy)、反义关系(Antonym)和相对关系(Relativeness)。 下义关系又叫语意内包,指个别概念的词内包。如上义词flower(花),下义词tulip(郁金香),violet(紫罗兰),rose(玫瑰)等。上义词是指同类概括词,下义词是相对具体的词。tulip,violet,rose在语义关系上是同类关系词。在大学英语词汇教学过程中,教师利用同类关系词理念可以帮助学生归纳整理同类单词,扩大词汇量;帮助学生利用同类概括词,使行文简练。通过对词汇下义关系的分析也可以避免学生词义混乱,锻炼学生的逻辑思维能力。 反义关系主要指:①词义矛盾或对立的词,例如male—female;dead—alive。②词义相反的词,例如:young—old;cold—hot。前者在语义上互相矛盾,不能同时并存,后者在语义上并不矛盾,它们表示性质相同、但程度不同的词。比如young—middle-young—old。在英语词汇教学中,引入反义关系可以帮助学生更清晰地理解单词涵义。平时在讲解单词时,教师普遍使用近义词进行解释,其实有些单词用近义词解释并不容易解释清楚,利用反义词进行解释,学生会更容易理解。例如,rude的反义词是polite(rude是新单词,学生不知道涵义,引导学生polite是rude的反义词,学生就很快明白新单词的基本意思了)。通过引导学生分清词义矛盾或对立的词、词义相反的词,教师可以帮助他们选用恰当的词语进行英语表达。另外,也可以利用反义词进行修饰文章,避免文章呆板。 相对关系又叫converses,存在于既相互对立又相互依存的一对对词之间。例如:husband—wife;above—below,两者是对立统一关系,语义学称此为“强相对关系”。还有一种相对关系存在于三个词之间,称之为“弱相对关系”。学生学习相对关系可以扩大词汇量,灵活运用词汇和句型。 因此,结构语义学的理论应用在大学英语词汇教学中,可以帮助学生准确理解和合理利用含蓄词汇,从而提高英语的表达和运用能力。 (三)框架语义学 框架语义学是一种独特的语义学理念,它属于认知语言学的一支。它能为英语词汇的教学提供一种全新的方法。词汇是大学生学习英语的一只拦路虎,尽管教师和学生花大量的精力学习词汇上,但结果往往并不理想。如何解决这一难题,框架语义学为我们提供了新的思路。简言之,框架语义学立足于人的认知,从不同的视角,将英语动词分类并放入相对应的框架中,然后针对每一个相对应的框架,将相近的名词根据其熟悉程度进行分类,进行分层次教学。至于其他词性也可参照名词和动词的做法进行学习。例如学习money这一单词,可以设置买卖交易框架,根据不同视角(sell,spend,buy等)归纳成买家和卖家两类,每个框架设有不同元素,可以将要学的单词纳入框架,根据熟悉程度进行系统性的有条理的学习。 (四)语义成分分析 在英语教学过程中,学生会因为辨别不清近义词词义而出现错误搭配。如何帮助学生识别近义词从而进行正确搭配?对于这个问题,教师可以在课堂中引入语义成分分析理论进行解决。利用语义成分分析理论研究语言学已经有很长一段历史了,它主要研究Conceptual-lexical Relations(概念上的词汇—语义关系),观点是任何词的“意义”都可以分解为某些不同的“语义成分”,这些“语义成分”又可以加以系统地分类。我们可以利用此理论来解释词语,例如:bachelor——[Human]+[Male]+[Unmarried]。这一理论也有利于帮助学生比较清楚地认识同义词之间的差别及搭配,从而做到在不同的语境中能正确而熟练地运用词汇。另外,语义成分分析法还有助于提高学生的翻译能力。在进行英汉对译的时候,“选词”不是随意的,而是要受语义成分限制的。准确得当的翻译应建立在认识词汇的正确涵义上。在目前的英语词汇教学上,如何使学生正确地掌握词汇是每一个英语教师所苦恼的,语义成分分析法为英语教师提供了一种方法,它可以帮助学生准确牢固地掌握单词,对于词汇教学有一定的意义,从而在一定程度上解决了教师的难题。 (五)格语法格语法是一种比较严谨、别出心裁的语义学理论。这种理论是1968年著名美国语言学家菲尔莫尔首先提出的,他概括出一个新的结论:每一种语言都有表深层结构的“语义格”(Semantic Case),每个语义格都与某个介词相联系。如Agent格与介词by相联系;Object格与介词with相联系;Instrument格与介词with相联系。菲尔莫尔还认为,从深层结构的角度来看,所有的noun phrases都是介词短语,不但可以在句子中移换位置,甚至可以省略。动词是英语句子中一个重要成分,菲尔莫尔认为在深层结构中,动词总是和某些语义格连用的,因此他主张对动词采取深层格框的方式来处理。这对语义研究有着重要的意义,我们可以通过这个方式把不同的动词加以分类。此外他还提出了三条检验规则来确定各个语义格在句子中的相互关系,探讨语义格在句子中的地位。在菲尔莫尔理论提出后,一些语义学家对此理论进行了不断的深入研究和完善。在英语词汇教学中,教师引入关于语义格与深层格框的理论,有助于学生从语义的角度去分析英语句法,正确应用某些动词。例如:hit——[+—AO(I)];enjoy——[+—EO],从中可以看出某一类动词与某些语义格的关系在深层格框中被明确地表示出来。如果学生掌握了动词的深层格框,就能学会动词的正确用法和句型。 三、结语有效的大学词汇教学离不开正确的语言学理论去指导,利用语义学相关理念进行词汇教学,可以更好地引导学生高效地学习词汇。以上笔者探讨了五种当代语义学理论在英语词汇教学中的应用。其实语义学在大学英语词汇教学中的作用不止这些,这仍需要英语教师在实际学习与工作中不断地探究,以提高我国英语教学水平。 [2]杜宇,李晶,结构语义学与英语词汇教学[J].中国科教创新导刊,2007,(476). [3]刘英莲.谈英语语用学与语义学的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(社会科学版),2004,VOL 6,(3). [4]钱德明,周庆芳.框架语义学对英语词汇的教与学的启示[J].苏州教育学院学报,2005,VOL 22,(2). [5]山东省大学英语教学研究论文集[M].石油大学出版社,1995.

百度上搜索的相关信息，不知道对你有没有帮助。

语英语用学论文题目

题目：

1、中西人名文化对比：Comparison of Chinese and Western name culture

2、近代英美关系及其文化基础：Modern Anglo-American relations and their cultural foundation

3、中学生英语学习策略研究：Research on English learning strategies of middle school students

4、中英非语言交际的文化差异及对比： Cultural differences and contrast between Chinese and English non-verbal communication

5、中英恭维语对比研究：A comparative study of Chinese and English compliments

6、中英广告中语言使用对比研究：A comparative study of language use in Chinese and English advertisements

7、中英两种语言中的颜色词及其象征意义：Color words and their symbolic meanings in English and Chinese

8、中英亲属词的文化内涵分析：Cultural connotation analysis of Chinese and English kinship words

9、中英请求言语行为策略选择之比较：A comparison of speech act strategy choice between Chinese and English requests

教学文学方面都可以

英语语言学论文题目 13论国际商务谈判中的语言交际技巧 33成人世界的童话——从文体学角度解析现今童话再度流行的现象 49论文化差异与英汉商标互译 55浅谈英汉句子结构差异 59诗意的美和喜剧性幽默 62试论广告英语的语言特点 65统觉团对英语初学者词汇学习的影响 67外语学习中应该重视中介语的作用 69新闻报道中的转述动词研究 73英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究 74英汉数字习语的对比研究 76英译汉中词序的变动 78英语广告的语言特征 80英语双关语汉译的可译性限度 101词义演变的原因与方式 137从汉语中英语借词的翻译看文化交流 138从价值观转换看斯佳丽的角色特征 142从礼貌准则看中英文化的异同 146从习语看英汉民族的文化差异 149从英语人名中看性别歧视 157动词过程类型的选择和话语隐性态度的表达 161对母语在英语写作中词汇负迁移现象的思考 162对严复译作中“信”的质疑 167法律英语用词特征分析 168法律语言翻译与法律文体 177副词EVER的句法环境和语义特征 180功能语法视角下的英语报纸新闻标题的功能 183广告口号语的语言特点 189国际商务文化之对比研究 204汉语中双关语的翻译 213基于概念隐喻的诗歌解读 228论广告英语中的幽 默 265论广告英语的语言特点 268论汉英谚语的语言特征 280论清教理念与美国西进运动 282论莎士比亚十四行诗中的时间 300论英语广告中几种常用修辞格及其汉译 310论尤金?奥尼尔的表现主义手法 324名词化的语篇功能 330诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响 339浅谈英语虚拟语气的语用功能 340浅谈英语虚拟语气及其语用功能 345浅析二十世纪计算机英语词汇的构成特点

论文选题是按一定价值标准或条件对可供选择的课题进行评价和比较并对研究方向、目标、领域和范围作出抉择的过程，是决定论文内容和价值的关键环节。这里学术堂整理了十五个论文选题供大家进行参考：1、从语用学视角看汉英口译中的语用失误2、英语心智谓词的模糊性及其语际语用发展研究3、英语科技术语的词汇特征及翻译4、Moment in Peking中异国形象之汉译5、中医典籍中“气”的源流与翻译探析6、女性主义视角下张爱玲的翻译观--以英译《海上花列传》为中心7、二语习得视觉化研究的几个关键问题8、晚清以降的中国佛典英译高潮9、基于降维法的译者风格研究10、中国英语口音研究述评11、口译中视角转换的语用原则12、模因理论指导下的汉语歇后语英译13、本土英语教学法：流派、体系与特色14、《骆驼祥子》三个英译本中叙述话语的翻译--译者风格的语料库考察15、基于语料库的“人生”隐喻英汉对比研究