毕业论文开头语

毕业论文开头语

优美的诗意毕业论文开头范例

1、夜，是那样的静，夜，有事那样地暗淡，就连往日调皮的小星星夜一下子不知了去向，望着漆黑的夜，不禁勾起我对那段伤心的回忆。

2、花季下了一场雨，朦胧了我的眼，滂沱了我的情。不知不觉中，我又出了神，思绪又回到了那一天。

3、点击岁月的鼠标，我记忆的荧屏上就呈现出一幅幅五彩斑斓的画面。暮然回首，昔日的酸甜苦辣一幕幕浮现在眼前。其中，一件事却令我记忆犹新。

4、夜深了，当天空高挂的明月把皎洁的月光洒满大地。寒风微微地掠过窗前的枝头，使人感到一阵寒意。这又让我想到了那张画满红叉的月考卷。

5、时光无言，却在无声处听到最动听的诉说；岁月无痕，却总在不经意间镌刻最美丽的容颜；在花开花落的轮回中，我回望成长的课堂，至今那件事还让我刻骨铭心。

6、余余落晖，我爱晚霞最红，涓涓潺水，我拘一簇最清的；回忆成长的足迹，我不忘那早到的滋味。

7、恍惚间，又想起那件往事，犹如一缕烟云，在我眼前袅袅升起，那淡忘的往事又慢慢清晰起来。

8、时光如流水，匆匆的，向历史的长河默默流去。那件事，虽然已成为了历史，成为了记忆，却一直在我心中挥不去，抹不掉，忘不了。

9。时光荏苒，岁月无痕，当我们暮然回首，翻阅自己的心灵，发现生活中许许多多的'温暖和美好。他们像细雨一样洋洋洒洒飘落在我们身边，令我们感动。

10。走进岁月的长廊，翻开生命的相册，重温曾经让我心动的一瞬。

11。“感恩的心，感谢有你，伴我一生，让我……”每当听着这首歌，心里便生起一股感激之情。岁月之船，悄悄滑远。记忆的空隙，流下一抹淡淡的回忆。

12、日子总像指尖流过的细沙，在一周悄然滑过，而那曾经打动过我们的爱和欢乐，却夹杂在记忆中历久弥新。

13、秋日的夜晚，我拿起那件旧旧的毛衣，回忆里飘过一丝熟悉的味道，暖暖的，有如爱的滋味，焕起了我记忆深处的感动。

14、踏一条幽径，闻着丹桂飘香的气息，王者天空中飘零的落叶，我的思绪又飘飞到了那一天。

15、雨过天晴，仰望天空，望见那一条跨天际的彩虹，这是老天爷的微笑，笑得那么慈祥、温柔，让我想到了那甜蜜欢乐的时光……

博士有话说，毕业论文的前言也叫引言，是正文前面一段短文。前言是论文的开场白，目的是向读者说明本研究的来龙去脉，吸引读者对本篇论文产生兴趣，对正文起到提纲掣领和引导阅读兴趣的作用，肯定也说明了为啥要做此方向的研究。

根据学术堂的了解，毕业论文的前言也叫引言，是正文前面一段短文。前言是论文的开场白，目的是向读者说明本研究的来龙去脉，吸引读者对本篇论文产生兴趣，对正文起到提纲掣领和引导阅读兴趣的作用。明确书写引言的基本问题：你想通过本文说明什么问题？有哪些新的发现？是否有学术价值？为此，在写前言以前，要尽可能多地了解相关的内容，收集前人和别人已有工作的主要资料，说明本研究设想的合理性。论文引言的写作原则：言简意赅，突出重点，尊重科学，实事求是。一篇毕业论文的引言，大致包含如下几个部分：1、问题的提出；讲清所研究的问题“是什么”。2、选题背景及意义；讲清为什么选择这个题目来研究，即阐述该研究对学科发展的贡献、对国计民生的理论与现实意义等。3、文献综述；对本研究主题范围内的文献进行详尽的综合述评，“述”的同时一定要有“评”,指出现有研究成果的不足，讲出自己的改进思路。4、研究方法；讲清论文所使用的科学研究方法。5、论文结构安排。介绍本论文的写作结构安排。“第2章，第3章，……，结论前的一章”的写法是论文作者的研究内容，不能将他人研究成果不加区分地掺和进来。

毕业论文开头怎么写

毕业论文开头怎么写，毕业论文相信很多人都写过，想要写出一篇好的论文跟自身的写作水平是离不开的，还要通过大量的阅读来提升写作的，下面分享毕业论文开头怎么写相关内容，一起来看看吧。

一、引言

引言作为论文的开头，要以简短的篇幅介绍论文的写作背景和目的，其内容不仅要包括论文的主题和范围，还要说明研究问题的现实情况以及前人的研究概况，明确本研究与之前研究的关系，进而引出本文的主题。

提出引言的方式主要有两种：

一是实践引题，突出现实意义，针对现有研究的状况，从现实的角度入手，从而引出下文；

二是理论破题，总结已有研究，说明论文选题在本学科领域的地位、作用以及目前研究的现状，特别是研究中存在的或没有解决的问题。

二、正文

三、结论

结论是一篇论文的收束部分，是以研究成果和讨论为前提，经过严密的逻辑推理和论证所得出的最后结论。学术论文结论的语言应严谨、精炼、准确、逻辑性强。

结论的类型有分析综合、预示展望、事实对比、解释说明、提出问题五种。

其撰写内容主要包括四部分：

一是对研究对象进行实验或考察得到的结果所揭示出的原理或普遍性；

二是阐述研究中对前人的有关看法或研究结果作了哪些修正、补充、发展、证实或否定；

三是本文研究的不足之处或遗留未予解决的问题，以及对解决这些问题的关键点和方向；

四是阐述本文在理论或生产生活中的.实用价值等。

摘要撰写步骤

1、从论文的目的、方法、结果和结论出发，仔细将文中的重要内容一一列出，特别是每段的主题句和论文结尾的归纳总结，保留梗概与精华部分，提取用于编写摘要的关键信息。

2、看信息能否完全、准确地概括全文，若有不足需重新补充。

3、将这些零散信息，组成符合语法规则和逻辑规则的完整句子，再进一步组成通畅的短文，反复修改，达到摘要的要求。

毕业论文正文开头语

我只知道论文的格式,摘要关键字正文参考文献

毕业论文前言的写法:

前言也叫引言，是正文前面一段短文。前言是论文的开场白，目的是向读者说明本研究的来龙去脉，吸引读者对本篇论文产生兴趣，对正文起到提纲掣领和引导阅读兴趣的作用。在写前言之前首先应明确几个基本问题:你想通过本文说明什么问题?有哪些新的发现，是否有学术价值?一般读者读了前言以后，可清楚地知道作者为什么选择该题目进行研究。

为此，在写前言以前，要尽可能多地了解相关的内容，收集前人和别人已有工作的主要资料，说明本研究设想的合理性毕业论文前言怎么写。

1、引言应含概的内容

引言作为论文的开头，以简短的篇幅介绍论文的写作背景和目的，缘起和提出研究要求的现实情况,以及相关领域内前人所做的工作和研究的概况，说明本研究与前工作的关系，目前的研究热点、存在的问题及作者的工作意义，引出本文的主题给读者以引导。

引言也可点明本文的理论依据、实验基础和研究方法，简单阐述其研究内容;三言两语预示本研究的结果、意义和前景，但不必展开讨论。前言在内容上应包括:为什么要进行这项研究?立题的理论或实践依据是什么?拟创新点?理论与(或)实践意义是什么?首先要适当介绍历史背景和理论根据，前人或他人对本题的研究进展和取得的成果及在学术上是否存在不同的学术观点。

明确地告诉读者你为什么要进行这项研究，语句要简洁、开门见山。如果研究的项目是别人从未开展过的，这时创新性是显而易见的，要说明研究的创新点。但大部分情况下．研究的项目是前人开展过的,这时一定要说明此研究与被研究的不同.

首先需要知道是什么性质的论文，是什么学位的。要求都不一样。然后按照格式:题目，姓名，摘要，关键词，目录，正文，参考书目。在正文的开头会被要求写introduction，就是要向读者说明你论文的大致背景，以及你论文将要讨论的问题和顺序。举个例子，你的论文是讨论中国餐饮业的发展，你就要在论文开头概述目前中国餐饮业的概况，以及涉及到你将要论述的问题，然后写本文将讨论的内容大概。

问题一：论文的题目，开头怎么写1，要有具体的说明2，题目字 1、装订顺序：目录--内容提要--正文--参考文献--写作过程情况表--指导教师评议表 参考文献应另起一页。 纸张型号：A4纸。A4 210×297毫米 论文份数：一式三份。 其他（调查报告、学习心得）：一律要求打印。 2、论文的封面由学校统一提供。(或听老师的安排） 3、论文格式的字体：各类标题（包括“参考文献”标题）用粗宋体；作者姓名、指导教师姓名、摘要、关键词、图表名、参考文献内容用楷体；正文、图表、页眉、页脚中的文字用宋体；英文用Times New Roman字体。 4、字体要求： （1）论文标题2号黑体加粗、居中。 （2）论文副标题小2号字，紧挨正标题下居中，文字前加破折号。 （3）填写姓名、专业、学号等项目时用3号楷体。 （4）内容提要3号黑体，居中上下各空一行，内容为小4号楷体。 （5）关键词4号黑体，内容为小4号黑体。 （6）目录另起页，3号黑体，内容为小4号仿宋，并列出页码。 （7）正文文字另起页，论文标题用3号黑体，正文文字一般用小4 号宋体，每段首起空两个格，单倍行距。 （8）正文文中标题 一级标题：标题序号为“一、”， 4号黑体，独占行，末尾不加标点符号。 二级标题：标题序号为“（一）”与正文字号相同，独占行，末尾不加标点符号。 三级标题：标题序号为“ 1. ”与正文字号、字体相同。 四级标题：标题序号为“（1）”与正文字号、字体相同。 五级标题：标题序号为“ ① ”与正文字号、字体相同。 （9）注释：4号黑体，内容为5号宋体。 （10）附录： 4号黑体，内容为5号宋体。 （11）参考文献：另起页，4号黑体，内容为5号宋体。 （12）页眉用小五号字体打印“上海复旦大学XX学院2007级XX专业学年论文”字样，并左对齐。 5、 纸型及页边距：A4纸(297mm×210mm)。 6、页边距：天头（上）20mm，地角（下）15mm，订口（左）25mm，翻口（右）20mm。 7、装订要求：先将目录、内容摘要、正文、参考文献、写作过程情况表、指导教师评议表等装订好，然后套装在学校统一印制的论文封面之内（用胶水粘贴，订书钉不能露在封面外）。 1.纸张与页面设置 （1）A4，纵向； （2）页边距：上25px，下50px，左侧，右侧50px 2.页眉 （1）设置：35px （2）字体：统一使用汉语：小五号宋体。 （3）分割线：3磅双线； （4）内容：××学院本科期末论文，居中。 3.页脚 内容：页码，居中。 4.论文基本内容与要求 （1）论文题目：单独成行，居中，日语：小2号黑体；英语：Times New Roman 18号； （2）作者姓名：另起一行，居中，日语：小4号宋体；英语：Times New Roman 12号； （3）内容提要：另起一行，日语：4号黑体，内容为小4号黑体，长度要求150字以上；英语：Times New Roman 12号，长度要求在100字左右； （4）关键词：另起一行，日语：4号黑体，3-5个关键词，每个关键词之间用“；”分割，内容为小4号黑体；英语Times New Roman 12号； （5）正文 正文部分的要求如下：①正文部分与“关键词”行间空两行；②日语正文文字采用小四号宋体；英语正文文字采用Times New Roman 12号，标题日语采用四号黑体，英语采用Times......>> 问题二：怎么写论文？开头和结尾怎么写？要详细的，不尽感激！ 广义来说，凡属论述科学技术内容的作品，都称作科学著述，如原始论著（论文）、简报、综合报告、进展报告、文献综述、述评、专著、汇编、教科书和科普读物等。但其中只有原始论著及其简报是原始的、主要的、第一性的、涉及到创造发明等知识产权的。其它的当然也很重要，但都是加工的、发展的、为特定应用目的和对象而撰写的。下面仅就论文的撰写谈一些体会。在讨论论文写作时也不准备谈有关稿件撰写的各种规定及细则。主要谈的是论文写作中容易发生的问题和经验，是论文写作道德和书写内容的规范问题。 论文写作的要求 下面按论文的结构顺序依次叙述。 (一)论文――题目科学论文都有题目，不能“无题”。论文题目一般20字左右。题目大小应与内容符合，尽量不设副题，不用第1报、第2报之类。论文题目都用直叙口气，不用惊叹号或问号，也不能将科学论文题目写成广告语或新闻报道用语。 (二)论文――署名科学论文应该署真名和真实的工作单位。主要体现责任、成果归属并便于后人追踪研究。严格意义上的论文作者是指对选题、论证、查阅文献、方案设计、建立方法、实验操作、整理资料、归纳总结、撰写成文等全过程负责的人，应该是能解答论文的有关问题者。现在往往把参加工作的人全部列上，那就应该以贡献大小依次排列。论文署名应征得本人同意。学术指导人根据实际情况既可以列为论文作者，也可以一般致谢。行政领导人一般不署名。 (三)论文――引言 是论文引人入胜之言，很重要，要写好。一段好的论文引言常能使读者明白你这份工作的发展历程和在这一研究方向中的位置。要写出论文立题依据、基础、背景、研究目的。要复习必要的文献、写明问题的发展。文字要简练。 (四)论文――材料和方法 按规定如实写出实验对象、器材、动物和试剂及其规格，写出实验方法、指标、判断标准等，写出实验设计、分组、统计方法等。这些按杂志 对论文投稿规定办即可。 (五)论文――实验结果 应高度归纳，精心分析，合乎逻辑地铺述。应该去粗取精，去伪存真，但不能因不符合自己的意图而主观取舍，更不能弄虚作假。只有在技术不熟练或仪器不稳定时期所得的数据、在技术故障或操作错误时所得的数据和不符合实验条件时所得的数据才能废弃不用。而且必须在发现问题当时就在原始记录上注明原因，不能在总结处理时因不合常态而任意剔除。废弃这类数据时应将在同样条件下、同一时期的实验数据一并废弃，不能只废弃不合己意者。 实验结果的整理应紧扣主题，删繁就简，有些数据不一定适合于这一篇论文，可留作它用，不要硬行拼凑到一篇论文中。论文行文应尽量采用专业术语。能用表的不要用图，可以不用图表的最好不要用图表，以免多占篇幅，增加排版困难。文、表、图互不重复。实验中的偶然现象和意外变故等特殊情况应作必要的交代，不要随意丢弃。 (六)论文――讨论 是论文中比较重要，也是比较难写的一部分。应统观全局，抓住主要的有争议问题，从感性认识提高到理性认识进行论说。要对实验结果作出分析、推理，而不要重复叙述实验结果。应着重对国内外相关文献中的结果与观点作出讨论，表明自己的观点，尤其不应回避相对立的观点。 论文的讨论中可以提出假设，提出本题的发展设想，但分寸应该恰当，不能写成“科幻”或“畅想”。 (七)论文――结语或结论 论文的结语应写出明确可靠的结果，写出确凿的结论。论文的文字应简洁，可逐条写出。不要用“小结”之类含糊其辞的词。 (八)论文――参考义献 这是论文中很重要、也是存在问题较多的一部分。列出论文参考文献的目的是让读者了解论文研究命题的来龙去脉，便于查找，同时也是尊重前人劳动，对自己的工作有准确的定位。因......>> 问题三：毕业论文的开头格式怎么写？ 一、标题 标题是文章的眉目。各类文章的标题，样式繁多，但无论是何种形式，总要以全部或不同的侧面体现作者的写作意图、文章的主旨。毕业论文的标题一般分为总标题、副标题、分标题几种。 (一)总标题 总标题是文章总体内容的体现。常见的写法有： ①揭示课题的实质。这种形式的标题，高度概括全文内容，往往就是文章的中心论点。它具有高度的明确性，便于读者把握全文内容的核心。诸如此类的标题很多，也很普遍。如《关于经济体制的模式问题》、《经济中心论》、《县级行政机构改革之我见》等。 ②提问式。这类标题用设问句的方式，隐去要回答的内容，实际上作者的观点是十分明确的，只不过语意婉转，需要读者加以思考罢了。这种形式的标题因其观点含蓄，容易激起读者的注意。如《家庭联产承包制就是单干吗?》、《商品经济等同于资本主义经济吗?》等。 ②交代内容范围。这种形式的标题，从其本身的角度看，看不出作者所指的观点，只是对文章内容的范围做出限定。拟定这种标题，一方面是文章的主要论点难以用一句简短的话加以归纳；另一方面，交代文章内容的范围，可引起同仁读者的注意，以求引起共鸣。这种形式的标题也较普遍。如《试论我国农村的双层经营体制》、《正确处理中央和地方、条条与块块的关系》、《战后西方贸易自由化剖析》等。 ④用判断句式。这种形式的标题给予全文内容的限定，可伸可缩，具有很大的灵活性。文章研究对象是具体的，面较小，但引申的思想又须有很强的概括性，面较宽。这种从小处着眼，大处着手的标题，有利于科学思维和科学研究的拓展。如《从乡镇企业的兴起看中国农村的希望之光》、《科技进步与农业经济》、《从“劳动创造了美”看美的本质》等。 ⑤用形象化的语句。如《激励人心的管理体制》、《科技史上的曙光》、《普照之光的理论》等。 标题的样式还有多种，作者可以在实践中大胆创新。 (二)副标题和分标题 为了点明论文的研究对象、研究内容、研究目的，对总标题加以补充、解说，有的论文还可以加副标题。特别是一些商榷性的论文，一般都有一个副标题，如在总标题下方，添上“与××商榷”之类的副标题。 另外，为了强调论文所研究的某个侧重面，也可以加副标题。如《如何看待现阶段劳动报酬的差别――也谈按劳分配中的资产阶级权利》、《开发蛋白质资源，提高蛋白质利用效率――探讨解决吃饭问题的一种发展战略》等。 设置分标题的主要目的是为了清晰地显示文章的层次。有的用文字，一般都把本层次的中心内容昭然其上；也有的用数码，仅标明“一、二、三”等的顺序，起承上启下的作用。需要注意的是：无论采用哪种形式，都要紧扣所属层次的内容，以及上文与下文的联系紧密性。 对于标题的要求，概括起来有三点：一要明确。要能够揭示论题范围或论点，使人看了标题便知晓文章的大体轮廓、所论述的主要内容以及作者的写作意图，而不能似是而非，藏头露尾，与读者捉迷藏。二要简炼。．论文的标题不宜过长，过长了容易使人产生烦琐和累赘的感觉，得不到鲜明的印象，从而影响对文章的总体评价。标题也不能过于抽象、空洞，标题中不能采用非常用的或生造的词汇，以免使读者一见标题就如堕烟海，百思不得其解，待看完全文后才知标题的哗众取宠之意。三要新颖。标题和文章的内容、形式一样，应有自己的独特之处。做到既不标新立异，又不落案臼，使之引人入胜，赏心悦目，从而激起读者的阅读兴趣。 二、目录 一般说来，篇幅较长的毕业论文，都没有分标题。设置分标题的论文，因其内容的层次较多，整个理论体系较庞大、复杂，故通常设目录。 设置目录的目的主要是： 1．使读者能够在阅读该论文之前对全文的内容、结构有一个大致的了解，以便读者决定是读还是不读，是精......>> 问题四：百度知道的论文开头怎么写？ 平常你怎么写就怎么写啊，比如就写，从这个软件中你学到了什么，收获是什么，开头可以写光阴似箭，日月如梭…… 问题五：怎么写作文开头的论文 作文开头怎么写技巧 常言道：“万事开头难。”又言“良好的开端是成功的一半。”作文也是如此，尤其是记叙文。开头是在给文章造气氛、定调子，要给读者第一印象，因而十分重要。作文开头如果能恰倒好处，常常能一下子抓住读者，也能增加文章的亮点。所以，能否灵活自如地、独特精当地写好作文开头往往关系到一篇文章的成败。记叙类文章的开头方法很多，较为常见的有以下几种： 一、开门见山，直接入题 写人为主的记叙文可直接交代人物或通过对人物肖像、语言、行动等的描写点题；叙事为主的记叙文，一开头就可以点明事情发生的时间、地点和有关背景，进入主题。如： 1、夕阳的窗前，一个漂亮的少女站在那儿，凝视着外面初春美丽的景色。她叹了口气，低下头，端详着手中的那朵插在蓝白瓷瓶里的粉色玫瑰。她闭上眼，回想着以前的事。（《粉色玫瑰》） 2、那天，鲜花店门口贴了一张大红告示：母亲节预定鲜花。哦！母亲节快到了，我该为母亲准备节日礼物了。（《母亲节的礼物》） 二、写景状物，渲染气氛 文章的开头从写景状物入手，展示人物活动的环境或交代故事发生的背景，渲染气氛以此烘托人物，展开故事。如： 1、朝阳出来了，湖水为它梳妆；新月上来了，群星为它做伴；春花开了，绿叶为它映衬；鸟儿鸣唱，蟋蟀为它拉琴……天地万物都在向我们讲述着关爱的故事。（《关爱永远》） 2、太阳落山了，昏黄的光晕渲染了半边天，我寂寞地趴在阳台上。窗外那棵老杨树上，不知名的大鸟仍在不知疲倦地喂食它的小宝贝。它那绿豆般的眼睛温柔而慈爱地注视着意欲飞出温巢的小鸟。这画面，这眼神，让我想起了母亲……（《面对母亲的目光》） 三、总领全篇，提示要点 这种开头简明扼要地概括了文章的主要内容，一看便知文章的要点，如： 1、郑振铎《猫》的开头“我家养了好几只猫，结局总是失踪或死亡。”这一句提纲挈领，表示全文主要内容就是讲自己家养三只猫的经过。 2、“我有一个习惯，妈妈说，这个习惯好。”（《我有一个好习惯》）这个开头既开门见山，又统领全篇，文章主体部分就着重介绍了自己拥有的一个好习惯。 3、“回首岁月碾过的痕迹，发觉总有那么一些东西是生活的风雨无法抹去的。”（《轻叩记忆的门环》）这个开头用简洁的语言提示了文章的要点，让人一看便知作文要写的是生活中使人无法忘怀的一些事情。 四、抒情议论，确定基调 用几句恰当的议论抒情做文章的开头，或感染读者，或点明主旨，领起下文。如： 1、伴着年关噼里啪啦的鞭炮声，踩着原野初融的残雪，你姗姗走来，明眸含情。你用爱的温馨，使我腊黄的脸庞泛起红晕；你用爱的吟唱，唤醒我迷茫的信念。我，不再忧郁、沉闷、彷徨，也不再坐等、观望、祈祷，我要振作，寻觅、追回你以及你给我曾经编制过的那个七彩的梦幻！（《情寄春风》） 2、生日是一根线，一头是我，一头是外婆；生日是一个圈，圈住外婆的笑，圈住我的记忆；生日是一条河，那匆匆的流水，把我的思念带到外婆身边。（《生日寄语》） 五、设置问题，引出下文 用问题开头，能一下子抓住读者的心，激发人们的兴趣和思考，起到引人入胜的效果。如： 1、是为了摆脱那饥寒交迫的日子，你才无可奈何地跳下悬崖？是为了免遭那被俘的耻辱，你才义无返顾地投落这峭壁？（《峭壁上的树》） 2、朋友，你听说过鳄鱼是怎样哭泣的吗？你听说过猩猩吃人的故事吗？你知道外星人是怎么来到地球的吗？……哦，你摇头了。可别急，全是它――《世界......>>

英语毕业论文的开头

英语专业毕业论文参考格式

写毕业论文主要目的是培养学生综合运用所学知识和技能，理论联系实际，独立分析，解决实际问题的能力，使学生得到从事本专业工作和进行相关的基本训练。以下是我为您整理的英语专业毕业论文参考格式，欢迎参考阅读。

一、英语论文的标题

一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写款式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分辨为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分辨打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为(论文其他部分行距同此)。

就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边高低对齐,并留出 左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。

二、英语论文提纲

英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范款式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母高低对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其高低行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等首要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以词攀类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即 ii(第一页无需标页码)。

三、英语论文正文

有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范款式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印款式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。

四、英语论文的文中引述

正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的首要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述款式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采纳何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范款式分述如下。

1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地交融在论文中。如:

The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9).

这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名);阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成);作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号;句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。

2.被引述的'文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:

Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas”

is an admirable and characteristic

diatribe. And if one is sorry that in it

Whitman is unable to conceive the

extreme crises of society, one is certain

that no society would be tolerable whoses

citizens could not find refreshment in its

buoyant democratic idealism.(Chase 165)

这里的款式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起;二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。

3.如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要应用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如:

points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9).

值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。

4.如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。

如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头应用省略号);点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:

Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43).

5.若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:

Professor Chen Jia's A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i).

圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多应用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线;规范的款式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字;其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。

6.如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:

Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35).

Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15).

这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格;圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写;21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。

五、英语论文的文献目录

论文作者在正文之后必须供给论文中整个引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其款式须注意下列几点:

1.目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。

2.目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码;如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为;各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为,不必留出更多空白。

3.各条目内容顺序分辨为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等;各条目应严峻按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。

4.各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。5、论文正文：（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义,并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出-论点；b.分析问题-论据和论证；c.解决问题-论证与步骤；d.结论。6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

德语毕业论文怎么开头

具体要看你学的什么专业，根据自己的专业来选择题材，求臻学术网这里有专业的老师指导大家，不会写的小伙伴可以详细咨询求臻学术的老师们。

Titel（封面上写的）EinleitungZusammenfassung(chinesisch Deutsch)InhaltsverzeichnisHauptteil(包括Einleitung和你的论文内容)SchlussfolgerungDankeswortLiteraturverzeichnis每个学校都会有论文模板！你去下!前面的什么任务书就照着写！跟写中文论文的一样的！后面的就像上面那样写就OK啦！

，写感受。要分析作品的话，你就要先简单介绍一下这个作品的主要内容，然后介绍作者，包括基本概况，创作这篇作品的背景等。之后写对这个作品的分析。

汉德语常用动词配价的应用对比研究

(Titel der Arbeit,Name,etc. bzw. Cover der Arbeit) .(Methodik/Forschungmethode - aber nicht sehr benötigt) Teil ( Erhebung)Überprüfung zu Hypothesen/Resü. Literaturverzeichnis/QuelleverzeichnisNormalerweise schreibt man eine wissenschaftliche Arbeit in solchen Form. Das Zitat soll auch berücksichtigt werden! Ich wünsche Dir viel Erfolg!

英语毕业论文答辩开头

Good afternoon, professors and everyone. i am ... from ... and my supervisor is professor . under his encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper, the title of which is "...". i choose this t...

各位老师，下午好！ 我叫***，是**级**班的学生，我的论文题目是--------------------，论文是在**导师的悉心指点下完成的，在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对四年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及意义。其次，我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要内容。最后，我想谈谈在实验过程中的不足和这篇论文。烧玻璃的过程以及这篇论文的写作，也使我越来越认识到自己知识与经验缺乏的过程。虽然，我尽可能地收集材料，竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行烧玻璃实验和论文写作，但所测数据并不完备，对许多还是一知半解，论文还是存在许多不足之处,有待改进.请各位评委老师多批评指正，让我在今后的学习中学到更多！谢谢！

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.