国有企业融资论文参考文献

国有企业融资论文参考文献

1. 中小民营企业融资困境成因及对策 2. 刍议企业固定资产折旧的税收筹划 3. 关于我国中小企业融资难的原因和对策的问题探讨 4. 财务失败和财务预警问题的探讨 5. 从盈余管理角度谈识别企业真实利润 6. 企业财务危机预警模型研究 7. 如何避免国有企业实施MBO时国有资产流失的问题研究 8. 探讨企业财务评价体系——基于杜邦分析法的研究与改 9. 中国上市公司股利政策稳定性与信号传递研究 10. 中小型高新技术企业融资分析 11. 对我国国有企业MBO财务问题的思考 12. 企业自创商誉确认的可行性分析 13. 如何利用现金流量信息进行财务分析 14. 新会计准则对上市公司财务影响分析 15. 中国上市公司融资行为分析 16. 中小型企业价值评估流程和方法研究 17. 关于企业业绩评价体系的探讨 18. 浅论企业可持续经营的四因素模型的构建 19. 论我国上市公司盈余管理的动因与治理 20. 中国国有企业MBO定价问题研究 21. 中小企业融资问题探讨 22. 作业成本法在我国企业的应用研究 23.事业单位财务管理若干问题及对策 24.浅谈中小企业财务管理中存在的问题及对策 25.家族企业财务管理及监督机制 26.上市公司财务报表分析 27.事业单位财务管理存在的问题及对策 28.浅谈房地产开发中的成本控制 29.民营企业财务管理中存在的问题及对策 30.加强投资管理是提高企业效益的重要前提 31.浅谈建行现金备付率--关于建行平阳支行现金备付率的实践报告 32.时间性差异的账务处理及其探讨 33.企业债务资本成本的计算方法及比较 34.借款费用处理的新旧对比以及对企业经营杠杆的影响

参考文献：[1]李广子.刘力债务融资成本与民营信贷歧视[J].金融研究,2009,12:25.[2]蒋琰.权益成本、债务成本与公司治理:影响差异性研究[J].管理世界, 2009,11:15.[3]肖宇,罗滢.中国债券市场的发展路径[J].宏观经济研究,2009,02:18.[4]刘星,彭程.负债融资与企业投资决策:破产风险视角的互动关系研究[J]. 管理工程学报,2009,01:15.

企业资本结构与融资对策论文参考文献 参考文献：〔1〕贝多广.中国资金流动分析〔M〕.上海：上海三联书店，1995. 〔2〕刘彪.企业融资机制分析〔M〕.北京：中国人民大学出版社，1995. 〔3〕吴敬琏.现代公司与企业改革〔M〕.天津：天津人民出版社，1994. 〔4〕伍中信.产权与会计〔M〕.上海：立信会计出版社，1998.请继续阅读相关推荐： 毕业论文 应届生求职 毕业论文范文查看下载 查看的`论文开题报告 查阅参考论文提纲 查阅更多的毕业论文致谢 相关毕业论文格式 查阅更多论文答辩 了解相关论文写作 查阅更多毕业论文参考文献 ;

中小企企业融资论文参考文献

中小企业融资毕业论文参考文献

1.《我国中小企业融资难之现状与对策分析 》 【作者】 刘群. 【刊名】金融纵横 2005年05期

2.《我国中小企业融资对策分析 》【作者】 国亮. 【刊名】 杨凌职业技术学院学报 2005年01期

3.《中小企业的.融资问题及对策》【作者】 洪慧. 【刊名】 云南财贸学院学报(社会科学版) 2005年01期

4.《浅析中小企业融资难》【作者】 党宏明. 【刊名】 西安金融 2005年07期

5.《对中小企业融资难问题的成因及对策分析》【作者】 姜征宇. 申希国. 【刊名】 济南金融 2005年06期

6.《当前我国中小企业融资制约因素及对策》【作者】 王伯芳. 【刊名】 企业技术开发 2005年07期

7.《中小民营企业融资难的问题与对策》【作者】 崔俊峰. 【刊名】 中国金融家 2005年06期

8.《中小企业融资问题初探》【作者】 李靖. 刊名】 决策探索 2005年06期

9.《浅谈我国中小企业融资困难的主要原因及对策》【作者】 廖丹. 【刊名】 湖南经济管理干部学院学报 2005年03期

10.《对中国中小企业融资体系构建的理性思考》【作者】 陈璐. 【刊名】 巢湖学院学报 2005年04期

11.贝多广.中国资金流动分析〔M〕.上海：上海三联书店，1995.

12.刘彪.企业融资机制分析〔M〕.北京：中国人民大学出版社，1995.

13.吴敬琏.现代公司与企业改革〔M〕.天津：天津人民出版社，1994.

14.伍中信.产权与会计〔M〕.上海：立信会计出版社，1998.

崔燕;国内中小企业融资问题文献综述[J];知识经济;2010年03期郭丽虹;中国中小企业的融资缺口与财务杠杆关系的研究[A];中国经济60年 道路、模式与发展：上海市社会科学界第七届学术年会文集（2009年度）经济、管理学科卷[C];2009年《我国民营经济融资难的原因与对策》张国亭 《网络财富》 2008年10期 想写这方面的文章，先去统计局、统计年鉴找些最新数据，去中国知网找些相关的文章，多看几篇。找到自己的思路，用自己的话总结出来。

[1]何志强,朱家德,税学丽. 规模、区位与中小企业融资环境——基于四川中小企业融资的比较分析[J]. 重庆工商大学学报.西部论坛,2006,(3). [2]史娜. 解决中小企业融资瓶颈创新研究[D]. 河北大学: 河北大学,2007. [3]王晨辉. 关系型贷款、中小银行与中小企业融资困境的破解[D]. 浙江工商大学: 浙江工商大学,2006. [4]本报见习记者 田文会. 国务院专题研究 突破中小企业融资困局[N]. 财经时报,2005-01-17(T00). [5]许小平,杨晓艳. 中小企业融资与民营中小银行的优势[J]. 价值工程,2005,(5). [6]本报记者 杨红梅. 新思路破解中小企业融资难题[N]. 中国财经报,2009-05-26(008). [7]吴慎之. 强化融资租赁功能:中小企业融资的必然选择[J]. 中央财经大学学报,2003,(4). [8]孟琳. 中小企业融资和银企关系问题探讨[J]. 金融理论与实践,2005,(3). [9]程未. 解决我国中小企业融资难的对策研究[D]. 吉林大学: 吉林大学,2006. [10]左涛. 物流金融解决中小企业融资问题的理论分析[D]. 武汉科技大学: 武汉科技大学,2007. [11]记者 黄丽珠. 金融创新是缓解中小企业融资难有效途径[N]. 金融时报,2009-07-18(008). [12]本报记者 任丽梅. 中小企业融资难问题仍没改观[N]. 中国改革报,2010-07-17(002). [13]记者 黄世钊. 我区出台十七项措施支持中小企业融资[N]. 法治快报,2009-05-01(003). [14]石文禹见习记者 孙自豪 通讯员 邹炜龙. 信用担保打破中小企业融资瓶颈[N]. 洛阳日报,2008-09-04(002). [15]管伟琪,胡瑜杰. 甘肃省中小企业融资现状及对策分析[J]. 河北农业科学,2010,(12). [16]张代军. 辽宁、浙江两省中小企业融资比较与启示[J]. 辽东学院学报(社会科学版),2010,(3). [17]刘明娟. 中小企业融资难的原因及对策[J]. 安徽冶金科技职业学院学报,2009,(1). [18]鲍小红,刘瑾. 中小企业融资难的原因及对策[J]. 企业技术开发,2006,(1). [19]王翔. 中小企业融资大环境体系的构建研究[J]. 安阳工学院学报,2006,(5). [20]张梅. 中小企业融资现状及存在问题[J]. 科技情报开发与经济,2008,(21). [21]王小霞. 中小企业融资与信用担保制度[J]. 宝鸡文理学院学报(社会科学版),2003,(3). [22]章颖薇. 资本结构理论对我国中小企业融资的启示与思考[J]. 哈尔滨商业大学学报(社会科学版),2005,(4). [23]李艺纹,白印坡,杨瑞. 信用文化建设与中小企业融资探析[J]. 现代财经-天津财经学院学报,2004,(11). [24]王小芳. 中小企业融资难及相关理论研究[D]. 武汉理工大学: 武汉理工大学,2004. [25]本报记者 张瑶瑶. 集合票据带来中小企业融资新气象[N]. 中国会计报,2009-12-18(008). [26]罗思荣,宓明君. 地方债券与中小企业融资初探[J]. 杭州师范大学学报(社会科学版),2010,(6). [27]蓝裕平. 风险投资可有效解决中小企业融资难[J]. 国际融资,2010,(9). [28]饶丹珍,詹文. 国外解决中小企业融资难的成功经验[J]. 郧阳师范高等专科学校学报,2009,(4). [29]王翔. 我国中小企业融资难的原因与对策研究[J]. 三门峡职业技术学院学报,2006,(1). [30]徐宇虹. 中小企业融资存在的问题与对策[J]. 科技情报开发与经济,2006,(19). [31]刘瑞. 中小企业融资探索——基于金融创新角度[J]. 价值工程,2007,(1). [32]唐志祥. 中小企业融资困境分析及对策建议[J]. 安徽电气工程职业技术学院学报,2004,(3). [33]李勇辉,吴朝霞. 积极启动民间资本 拓宽中小企业融资[J]. 华北工学院学报(社科版),2004,(3). [34]顾慧琴. 浅议中小企业融资问题及其对策[J]. 苏州市职业大学学报,2004,(2). [35]朱娟. 中小企业融资困难的原因与对策[J]. 渝州大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(6). [36]谢朝斌. 中小企业融资:理论与实证分析[J]. 财经理论与实践,2002,(4). [37]金林. 我国商业银行拓展中小企业融资业务的对策研究[D]. 哈尔滨工业大学: 哈尔滨工业大学,2007. [38]李瑞青. 西部中小企业融资问题研究[D]. 西北农林科技大学: 西北农林科技大学,2003. [39]杨春光. 投资性互助会与中小企业融资[D]. 浙江大学: 浙江大学,2006. [40]贺银娟. 西部中小企业融资问题研究[D]. 西安建筑科技大学: 西安建筑科技大学,2007. [41]杨艳玲. 基于金融物流集成产品的中小企业融资研究[D]. 苏州大学: 苏州大学,2007. [42]郑明明. 非正规金融与中小企业融资问题研究[D]. 西北师范大学: 西北师范大学,2008. [43]谭健美. 中小企业融资中信用担保风险分担机制研究[D]. 天津大学: 天津大学,2009. [44]鲍洪安. 区域性中小企业融资担保体系研究[D]. 天津大学: 天津大学,2009. [45]宋晓瑞. 解决中小企业融资难的思考[J]. 山西科技,2010,(2). [46]史文娟. 加强金融政策扶持促进中小企业融资[J]. 商业经济,2010,(6). [47]许立新. 金融危机下中小企业融资难的原因与对策——以秦皇岛市为例[J]. 改革与战略,2010,(4). [48]张秋. 基于制度角度的河南省中小企业融资研究[J]. 区域金融研究,2010,(3). [49]肖高玉. 论中小企业融资[J]. 连云港职业技术学院学报,2009,(2). [50]邹鑫. 中小企业融资问题浅析[J]. 四川有色金属,2009,(2).

企业融资论文英文参考文献

Small Business Loan 101Essentials of Small Business LoanFrom Naurys Marte, for a small business owner, your most difficult task is finding the money to operate your business. Taking the necessary steps to prepare for a small business loan can minimize the difficulty. Learn what you need to know to clinch the loan and other lending institutions cite risk factors as their main reason for turning down small business loan requests from startup businesses. Yet, you can still get a loan for your business by proper the common error of thinking you can start with grants from the government and community agencies. It is even more unlikely than getting the money from your own savings, family, friends, or a main requirements of attaining a small business loan are your personal credit history, business plan, experience, education, and feasibility of the business you are starting or most important task to obtain a small business loan is preparing a business plan. The business plan needs to show the lender that providing you with a small business loan is a low-risk proposition. Your business plan must answer the questions a lending institution would ask. These questions usually are:How much money do you need?If you are starting a business, this should be included at least in the start-up capital estimate. Accuracy is important, so request enough money to invest are you going to do with the money?You will have to provide, in detail, the designated use of every dollar requested. A small business loan is often needed for: operations (new employees, marketing, etc.), assets (equipment, real estate, etc.), or to pay off business will you repay the small business loan?Explain in detail how this small business loan will serve as a stepping-stone for your business. You will need to convince the lender (with your financial statements and cash flow projections) that you are able to repay the loan through the expected long-term profitability of your will you do if you don't get the loan?Let lenders know that rejection will not discourage you from starting or growing your business. You want to portray a confident and determined personality and you will try lender after lender until you receive the money you need to get your business a small business owner, you will need a certain degree of fortitude. Be confident and proud of your venture. Let lenders know you are in control and know what's best for you and your business. Understand that lending institutions need to make loans. But if you don't get one, don't get discouraged. Ask the lender why you didn't get the small business loan. Learn from the answer, move on, and try other Women's Venture Fund is a resource for women in business who need money and training to expand their venture for New York or New Jersey businesses. To learn more about the Women's Venture Fund call or visit Business Loan ResourcesGetting a Small Business LoanSmall Business Banking 101New Rules of Small Business FinancingSmall Business Information ResourcesEmail Guide: Darrell ZahorskyArticles Reprint PermissionSubmit Articles to Small BusinessRelated Articles* Getting A Small Business Loan - Making A Winning Business Loan Presentation* How To Get A Small Business Loan* Get a Business Loan - How to Apply for a Small Business Loan* Before You Apply for a Business Loan* Business Loans - Preparation for Application for Business Loans

Automatically translated text: The definition of lease financing Finance leases (Financial Leasing) also known as the Equipment Leasing (Equipment Leasing), or modern leasing (Modern Leasing), and is essentially transfer ownership of the assets of all or most of the risks and rewards of the lease. The ultimate ownership of assets to be transferred, or may not transfer. It refers to the specific content of the lessee to the lessor under the lease object and the specific requirements of the supplier selection, vendor financing to purchase rental property, and the use of leased to a lessee, the lessee to the lessor to pay instalments rent, the lease term lease ownership of objects belonging to the lessor of all, the tenant has the right to use the leased items. Term expired, and finished the lessee to pay rent under the lease contract financing to fulfil obligations in full, leasing objects that vesting ownership of all the lessee. Despite the finance lease transactions, the lessors have the identity of the purchase of equipment, but the substantive content of the purchase of equipment suppliers such as the choice of the specific requirements of the equipment, the conditions of the purchase contract negotiations by the lessee enjoy and exercise, lessee leasing object is essentially the purchaser. , Is a finance lease extension of loans and trade and technology updates in the new integrated financial industry. Because of its extension of loans and combination of features, there is a problem in leasing companies can recycling, treatment of leasing, and so the financing for the enterprise credit and secured the main requirement, it is very suitable for SME financing. In addition, the leasing of sheet financing, not reflected in the financial statements of the enterprise liability, does not affect the credit status of enterprises. This multi-channel financing needs of SMEs in terms of it is very beneficial. Leasing and financing lease of a traditional nature of the difference is: traditional lease to the tenant leasing the use of objects of the time rent, and finance lease financing costs to the tenant occupying the time of rental. The market economy develops to a certain stage and the adaptation of a strong financing, in the 1950s in the United States have a new type of trading, as it adapted to the requirements of modern economic development, in the 60 to 70 the rapid development in the world, and today has become a business update equipment one of the main means of financing, known as the "sunrise industry." China in the early 1980s after the introduction of this operational modalities for over 10 years has been the rapid development, compared with developed countries, the advantages of leasing is far from being played out, the market potential is huge. [Edit] the main characteristics of the leasing The main characteristics of the leasing is: the ownership of objects as leasing is the lessor in order to control the risk of the tenant rent reimbursement taken a form of ownership, at the end of the contract could eventually be transferred to the lessee, the lease purchase items from lease people choose, maintenance from the tenant responsible for the lessor to provide financial services only. Rent calculation principles are: to lease the lessor objects based on the purchase price, occupied by the lessee to the lessor of funds based on time, according to a mutually agreed rental rates. It is essentially dependent on the traditional leasing financial transactions, is a special kind of financial instruments. [Edit] the type of lease financing 1. Simple financing lease Financing lease is a simple, by the lessee choose to purchase the rental property, the lessor on the lease project through risk assessment after the rental lease to the lessee the use of objects. Throughout the lease period the lessee does not enjoy the right to use the title, and is responsible for repair and maintenance of leasing objects. The lessor's lease is good or bad thing without any liability, equipment depreciation in the tenant side. 2. Leveraged lease financing Leveraged leasing practices similar to syndicated loans, is a specialized leasing to large-scale projects with the tax benefits of lease financing, mainly led by a leasing company as a trunk, and for the lease of a very large project financing. First set up a leasing company from the operation of the main institutions - a project-based fund management company set up projects to provide more than 20% of the total amount of funds, and the remaining part was the main source of funds banks and social absorb idle idle funds, the use of 100 percent enjoy low tax benefits "in the eight Bo" leverage for the leasing project large amount of funds. The remaining financing and leasing practices are basically the same, but because of the complexity of the contract covers a wide range and even greater. As can enjoy tax benefits, operating norms, comprehensive benefits, and recovery of rent safe, low-cost, and are generally used for aircraft, ships, communications equipment and large complete sets of equipment lease financing. 3. Commissioned by the Financial Leasing Is a way to have the funds or equipment entrusted to non-bank financial institutions in the financing lease, the lessor is also the first client, the second is the trustee of the lessor at the same time. The lessor to accept the client's money or lease of the subject matter, according to the client's written by the client designated for the lessee of the leasing business. In the subject of the lease term lease of the property of the client, the lessor only charges, not to take risks. Such leasing commissioned a major characteristic is not to lease the right to operate the enterprise, "by the right" business. E-commerce is on the lease by lease rental as a business platform. The second is the lessor or lessee commissioned by the lease purchase of a third person, the lessor under the contract to pay the purchase price, also known as commissioned by the lease purchase financing. 4. Project finance leasing Lessee to project their own property and to ensure efficiency, and the lessor signed a finance lease contract, the lessor to the lessee of the property and other projects without recourse to the proceeds, we can only rent charged to the project's cash flow and profitability to determine. The seller (that is leasing goods manufacturers) through their holding leasing companies to promote their products in this way, and expand market share. Communications equipment, medical equipment, transportation equipment, or even the right to operate highway can be used this way. Others, including the return of leasing, also known as sale and leaseback financing leasing; financing to leasing, also known as the financing to leasing. [Edit] the risk of lease financing Finance leases from the risk of many uncertain factors, is multifaceted and interrelated, in the full understanding of the operational activities of the characteristics of various risks can be comprehensive, scientific analysis of risks to formulate corresponding measures. The risk of financing leasing main categories as follows: (1) product market risks. In the market environment, regardless of the financing lease, loan or investment, as long as the funds used to purchase equipment or to carry out technological transformation, first of all, should consider leasing equipment products market risks, which need to know to sell the products, market share rate and occupancy, product trends in the development of the market, the consumption structure and the mentality of the consumers and consumption capacity. If these factors are not fully understand, the survey are not careful, and may increase the market risk. (2) financial risks. For the leasing of a financial nature, financial risks throughout the entire business activities. The lessor, the biggest risk is that the lessee is also rent capacity, it has a direct impact on the operation of leasing companies and survival, therefore, the risk of also rent from the project began, it should be cause for concern. Currency also have risks, especially international payments, methods of payment, payment date, time, the remittance channels and means of payment options improperly, will increase the risk. (3) Trade risk. For the leasing of a trade properties, the risks of trade negotiations to orders from the acceptance testing there is a risk. The merchandise trade in the modern development of a relatively complete, the community is also supporting the establishment of corresponding institutions and preventive measures, such as a letter of credit, transport insurance, commodity inspection, commercial arbitration and the risk of credit counseling have taken precautions and remedial measures, but because people's awareness and understanding of the risks of different degrees, and some means of a commercial nature, coupled with the inexperience of the management of enterprises and other factors, all of these instruments have not been used, making trade risk still exists. (4) technical risks. One of the benefits of lease financing before other enterprises is the introduction of advanced technology and equipment. In the actual course of the operation, or advanced technology, advanced technology is mature, mature technology for the legal rights and interests of others, is an important risk a technical reasons. Serious, due to technical problems so that equipment in a state of paralysis. Other risks include the economic environment, force majeure, and so on. [Edit] the accounting treatment of lease financing [Edit], the tenant on the accounting treatment of lease financing 1, the start of the lease accounting treatment At the start of the lease, the tenant will usually be the start of the lease rental assets in the original book value of the minimum lease payments and the present value of the lower of the two leased assets as recorded value of the minimum lease payments as a long-term payables recorded value, and the difference between the two records is not recognised financing costs. However, if the assets of the leasing assets of the enterprise small proportion of the total, the tenant may be the start of the lease in the minimum lease payment records of assets and long-term rent payments. This time, the "proportional" not usually refers to fixed assets financed by leasing the lessee total assets total less than 30% (including 30%). Under such circumstances, rent for the financing of long-term assets and the determination of the amount due, the tenant may, at its option, which can be used minimum lease payments, and can also be used leasing assets in the original book value of the minimum lease payments and the present value of the two in the lower. Then what "leasing the original book value of assets" refers to the start of the lease rental, as reflected in the accounts, the book value of the leased asset. Lessee in the calculation of the minimum lease payments at the current value, if the lessor that the interest rate implicit in the lease, the lessor should be used as the interest rate implicit in the discount rate, otherwise, shall be stipulated in the lease contract interest rate as the discount rate . If the lessor's interest rate implicit in the lease and rental rates stipulated in the contract are not available, it should be used over the same period interest rates on bank loans as the discount rate. Which is implicit in the lease rates, in the inception of the lease, the minimum lease payments and the present value of the unsecured portion of the residual value of the current value of assets and equivalent to the original book value of the discount rate. 2, the initial direct costs of the accounting treatment Initial direct costs refer to the lease negotiations and the signing of the lease agreement occurred in the course of the lease can be directly attributable to the cost of the project. Lessee in the initial direct costs usually have stamp duty, commission, attorney fees, travel expenses, such as the costs of negotiations. Lessee in the initial direct costs should be recognised as an expense in the current period. Accounts for its handling: debit "management fees" and other subjects, credited to "bank" and other subjects. 3, no finance charge assessed In the finance lease, the lessee to the lessor to pay the rent, include the repayment of principal and interest in two parts. Lessee to pay rent, on the one hand to reduce long-term payables, on the other hand, while not confirmed by the leasing costs for a certain method to confirm the current financing costs, the first rent (that is, initially matching each rental payment) Under the circumstances, the lease term is the first phase of rent paid no interest, should only reduce the long-term payments, not to confirm the current financing costs. Not sharing in the finance costs, the lessee should be used to calculate certain way. According to the guidelines, the lessee can be used in real interest rates, the straight-line method can also be used and the number of years of combined law. In using the effective interest method, in accordance with the inception of the lease is a lease assets and liabilities are recorded based on the value of different financing costs assessment rate options are also different. No finance charge assessed specific divided into the following types: (1), leasing assets and liabilities to a minimum lease payments accounted for the present value of value to the investor and the interest rate implicit in the lease for the discount rate. Under such circumstances, investors should be the interest rate implicit in the lease for the assessment rate. (2), leasing assets and liabilities to a minimum lease payments for the present value of recorded value, and to lease contract provides for the interest rate as the discount rate. In such circumstances, should be stipulated in the lease contract as the rate of assessment rates. (3), leasing assets and liabilities to the original book value of the leased asset accounted for the value of the lessee does not exist residual value guarantees and preferential purchase right to choose. In such circumstances, should be re-calculation of the cost-sharing rate financing. Financing cost-sharing rate refers to the inception of the lease, the minimum lease payments equal to the present value of lease assets in the original book value of the discount rate. In the lessee or related to the leased asset residual value of the third-party security situation, and the similar, the end of the lease, not recognised all the financing costs should be shared End, and lease liabilities should also be reduced to zero. (4), leasing assets and liabilities to the original book value of the leased asset accounted for the value of the lessee does not exist guaranteed residual value, but there is preferential option to purchase. In such circumstances, should be re-calculation of the cost-sharing rate financing. At the end of the lease, not recognised all the financing costs should be shared End, and lease liabilities should also be reduced to zero. (5), leasing assets and liabilities to the original book value of the leased asset value accounted for, and the existence of the lessee guaranteed residual value. Under such circumstances, the cost-sharing should be re-financing rate. Related to the lessee or third parties on the residual value of leased assets as security has been provided or not at the end of the lease renewal and to pay a penalty of circumstances, the end of the lease, not recognised all the financing costs should be shared End, and lease liabilities should also be reduced to the guaranteed residual value, or to be paid by the breach. Lessee shall pay each of the rent shall be the amount of rent paid, debit "long-term payables - to finance leases," subjects, credited to "bank" subjects, if payment of rent, which includes compliance costs, At the same time debit should be "manufacturing costs", "management fees" and other subjects. At the same time should be recognized in accordance with the current amount of the finance charge, debit "financial costs" subjects, credited the "no finance charge" subjects. 4, the leased asset depreciation Provision Tenants should finance the lessee Provision for depreciation of fixed assets, should address two main issues: (1), depreciation policy Provision for asset depreciation, lease, the tenant should be its own assets Provision line depreciation method. If the lessee or third parties relating to the leased asset security has been provided, should be credited for the amount of depreciation on fixed assets, and the inception of the lease accounting residual value after deducting the value of the balance. If the lessee or third parties relating to the leased asset residual value of the security has been provided, the total amount of depreciation should be credited for the start of the lease value of fixed assets recorded. (2), the depreciation period Identify the leased asset depreciation period, should be in accordance with the lease contract. If reasonable certainty that the lessee at the end of the lessee will obtain ownership of the leased asset, the lessee can be identified with all of the assets of the remaining useful life, and should therefore be the start of the lease to lease the remaining useful life of assets as depreciation period; If you can not reasonably determine whether the lease to the lessee at the end of the lease ownership of the assets to be made to the lease period and the remaining useful life of the leased asset in the shorter of the two as the depreciation period. 5, the accounting treatment of compliance costs Many types of compliance costs, rent for the financing of fixed assets improved expenditure, technical advice and service charges, fees should be increased staff training credited to the extension of sharing costs, debit "long-term prepaid expenses," and "accrued expenses" , "manufacturing costs", "management fees" and other subjects, the fixed assets regular maintenance, insurance, etc. can be directly charged to expense in the current period, debit "manufacturing costs," and "operating expenses" and other subjects, credited to "bank deposits, "wait until the subjects. 6, or the accounting treatment of rent Since the rent or the amount of uncertainty, unable to adopt a rational approach to its system for sharing, in the actual event, debit "manufacturing costs," and "operating expenses" and other subjects, credited to "bank" and other subjects. 7, at the end of the lease accounting treatment At the end of lease, the tenant on the lease is usually the disposition of the assets of three circumstances: (1), the return of the leased asset. Debit "long-term payables - to finance leases," and "accumulated depreciation" subjects, credited "fixed assets - fixed assets financed by leasing all" subjects. (2), renewable lease concession assets. If the lessee to exercise the right to choose renewable concession, the lease shall be deemed to have been made the presence of the corresponding accounting treatment. If no expiry of renewal, to the lessor under the lease contract to pay a penalty, debit "operating expenses" subjects, credited to "bank" and other subjects. (3), stay purchase the leased asset. In the lessee enjoy preferential purchase right to choose, purchase price paid, debit "long-term payables - to finance lease," credited "bank" and other subjects at the same time, will be fixed assets from "all fixed assets financed by leasing" Details Details of the other subjects into subjects.字数太多，翻译另答~~~~~~

中小企业融资难论文参考文献

崔燕;国内中小企业融资问题文献综述[J];知识经济;2010年03期郭丽虹;中国中小企业的融资缺口与财务杠杆关系的研究[A];中国经济60年 道路、模式与发展：上海市社会科学界第七届学术年会文集（2009年度）经济、管理学科卷[C];2009年《我国民营经济融资难的原因与对策》张国亭 《网络财富》 2008年10期 想写这方面的文章，先去统计局、统计年鉴找些最新数据，去中国知网找些相关的文章，多看几篇。找到自己的思路，用自己的话总结出来。

对企业来说，资金是企业的血脉，是开展经济活动的直接动力，同时也是企业发展的持续动力。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于中小企业融资论文参考 范文 的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!中小企业融资论文参考范文篇1 浅析中小企业融资 摘 要：在我国，中小企业在发展的过程中都受到很多因素的影响，其中融资难已经成为制约中小企业发展的主要瓶颈。造成此问题的原因是多方面的，但融资结构却是不容忽视的。本文首先综述了融资结构与企业绩效的理论，分析了我国中小企业融资结构现状，提出我国中小企业应当采取的融资策略，进而优化融资结构，提高企业经营绩效。 关键词：中小企业;融资;现状;策略; 目前我国总中小企业融资 渠道 狭窄，其目前发展主要依靠自身内部积累，即中小企业融资呈现内部融资比重大，外部融资比重小的现状。这在很大程度上制约了中小企业的发展，进行也影响了国家整体经济的发展。 一、企业融资结构与经营绩效概述 (一)企业融资结构概述。企业融资结构， 又称资本结构， 是从融资方式的角度对企业资金结构的划分， 指在企业融资总额中内源性融资与外源性融资所占的比重。内源性融资是指企业通过内部积累的方式筹集资金; 外源性融资是指企业通过银行借贷、发行股票、债券等方式筹集资金。我国关于资本结构理论的研究起步较晚， 国内学者在这方面的研究主要侧重于对国外现有资本结构理论进行综述介绍， 或在已有资本结构理论的基础上进行各自相应的研究。 (二)企业经营绩效概述。企业经营绩效(Performance of Enterprise)是指一定经营期间的企业经营效益和经营者业绩。企业经营效益水平主要表现在企业的盈利能力、资产运营水平、偿债能力和后续发展能力等方面。经营者业绩主要通过经营者在经营管理企业的过程中对企业经营、成长、发展所取得的成果和所做出的贡献来体现。 二、我国中小企业融资结构的现状分析 中小企业是企业规模形态的概念，是相对于大企业而言的。它是构筑在雇员人数、企业资产总值、企业经营收入和 其它 数量标准上动态的相对的概念。中小企业界定方面是一个相对的、比较模糊的概念，很难从理论上给它下一个很确切的定义，现阶段国际上对中小企业特征能够达成基本共识是：“独立所有，自主经营，在其所在行业领域中不占垄断地位”。 中小企业流动资金需求特点：短、频、快、小。就是能从银行取得贷款，贷款审批程序烦琐，资金到位，已经错失商机，失去短期借款的目的;再者中小企业的贷款风险大、资金需求量小、频率快的特性也增加了银行贷款的管理成本和风险，影响银行贷款的积极性。 三、优化中小企业融资的策略 鉴于我国中小企业融资结构的特点，参考发达国家的做法，在解决中小企业融资问题时，建议从以下几个方面入手： 1、企业自身要提高经营素质、增强信用观念。要解决中小企业融资难的问题，中小企业应从自身做起，苦练内功，完善内部治理结构，提高内部管理水平，以改善自身融资条件。要不断提高中小企业自身素质，促进中小企业产品结构的调整。强化信用观念，提高自觉还贷意识，保持良好的银企关系。 2、建立和完善中小企业信用担保体系。建立中小企业信用担保机制，可以解决融资机构对中小企业贷款的后顾之忧，解决中小企业抵押难、担保难的问题。各级政府要设立中小企业发展基金，重点用于支持中小企业信用担保与再担保等。可以由地方政府和中小企业共同出资成立中小企业信用保证基金(政府提供大部分资金，企业作为会员向基金出资)，其目标是向那些业务经营良好，具有发展潜力但是缺乏财务担保的中小企业提供信用保证。 3、培养中小金融机构。中小金融机构专门为中小企业服务，通过长期的合作关系，中小金融机构对中小企业经营状况的了解程度逐渐增加。这就有助于解决中小金融机构与中小企业之间的信息不对称问题。中小金融机构比较愿意为中小企业提供金融服务。因为它们资金少、无力为大企业融资，客观条件使中小金融机构不可能与大中型企业长期稳定的合作，其次中小企业融资需求是中小金融机构可以承受的，并且它们在和中小企业长期稳定合作中，增强了对中小企业经营状况的了解，有助于解决双方的信息不对称问题。 4、完善资本市场拓宽中小企业直接融资渠道。要积极发展资本市场，尽快完善中小企业融资的创业板市场，选择有条件的成长型中小高科技企业进入创业板证券市场进行融资。同时，积极推动中小企业的股份制改造，发挥股份制融资功能，采取改制、兼并、联合等多种形式，吸收民间资本、私人资本和外资进行参股，对于具有一定控股实力的中小企业，可以向外资转让股权，在产权清晰、责权明确的条件下，借助于多元投资主体上市在股票市场进行融资，促使中小企业经济规模不断壮大。 5、推动债权融资市场的多元化。发展融资租赁业，这是企业进行长期资金融通的一种有效手段。一般来说，企业进行融资租赁的成本比贷款低、风险较小，而且其方式灵活、方便，比长期贷款和发行股票、债券受较少限制。而我国在这方面还很欠缺，租赁公司的规模很小，融资租赁的金融杠杆作用没有充分发挥出来。还有就是要促进融资的创新，可以考虑降低企业债发行的门槛。建立多层次的资本市场，无论债权融资还是股权融资，对于中小企业来说，都具有筹资、分散风险的作用。其中股权融资具有更强的导向性和针对性。 综上所述，中小企业发展过程中资金匮乏是当今的一个普遍现象，资金问题往往能够使一个企业在市场经济大潮中无法立足，以致趋于消亡。而在不断完善中小企业融资体系的基础上认清内部问题，把握外部制约因素，解决中小企业融资难的问题，则会助中小企业走出“瓶颈”，扭转当前困难局面。与此同时，企业的融资结构对企业的经营绩效起着重要的作用， 特别是对企业的融资成本及其融资风险的影响很大。这关系到企业对资金的使用效率及其企业经营风险， 因而企业应该优化融资结构， 更好的提高企业的经营绩效。这就要求企业首先要完善自身的经营管理体制，促进企业优化融资结构，推动企业发展壮大。 参考文献： [1]林毅夫、李永军：《再论二板市场在我国的发展前景》，《改革》，2012年第2期 [2]廖勇：《我国上市资本结构与企业绩效的实证分析》，《西南民族学院学报》，2012年第28期 [3]吴健雄：《中小企业融资理财之道》，北京：中国金融出版社，2011年 [4]孔德兰：《中小企业融资结构与融资策略研究》，北京：中国财政经济出版社，2013年 [5]罗丹阳：《中小企业民间融资》，北京：中国金融出版社，2014年 中小企业融资论文参考范文篇2 浅论企业融资问题 摘 要:对企业来说，资金是企业的血脉，是开展经济活动的直接动力，同时也是企业发展的持续动力。一个良性循环的企业不但能充分地利用好内部资金来源，还能有效的从外部融入资金。企业融资过程也就是一种以资金供求形式表现出来的资源配置过程，融资的多少，直接决定着企业的生存与发展，因此，怎样有效地进行融资，怎样选择融资方式，怎样把握融资规模以及各种融资方式的利用都成为企业研究的方向。 关键词：企业融资 资金积累 发展 一、企业融资过程中存在的问题 融资是企业赖以生存和发展的基础，想要实现企业的良好融资为企业筹集资金，不论是从外部环境还是从企业内部开发，都面临着各种各样的困难，通过国内资金市场融资，资金市场在融资方面还欠缺成熟，项目及实力不好的企业是很难通过融资方式通过市场解决问题的，如渠道窄、资金短缺等都是企业发展过程中面临的重要问题;通过国外市场寻求资金却又需要高昂的费用。 (一)融资渠道相对单一 经过多年的 经验 积累与不断创新，我国已初步形成融资渠道多元化格局，但不是所有的方式都是可用的，是有一定的条件和需要一定的实力的，例如股票市场的快速发展，让一些企业利用上市的机遇筹集资金，不断提高企业的资金积累，但是，上市公司的门槛很高，有相当大一部分的企业是无法进入股市的，也就无法利用股市进行资金筹集，使得这些企业仍然过分依赖银行贷款，因此，贷款融资仍处于绝对的主导地位。 (二)融资中介存在风险隐患 银行是企业最重要的融资中介，证券市场是企业最重要的融资市场，在企业的融资过程中，它们都起着举足轻重的作用。银行、证券市场的稳定对企业的发展有着巨大的影响，如果银行、证券业风险爆发，不仅对企业的融资造成巨大的影响，甚至对整个金融界的稳定都会造成巨大损害。另外股票市场同样存在风险，有部分企业“借壳”上市，在股市上弄虚作假，造成股市泡沫严重。 (三)融资企业信用度不高 企业为了更好的积累资金，在融资上想方设法拓宽渠道，大量吸引资金，但有部分企业只是一味的想着资金的来源及使用，特别是以贷款为主要资金来源的企业，却不去考虑如何还贷，甚至有的个别企业在借款之初就没想过要还款，不论是对投资者还是对银行，权益都得不到保护，大大挫伤投资信心和导致贷款萎缩。企业在融资上的失信，直接影响到企业的融资，造成社会信用秩序混乱，也对企业融资渠道的长久畅通带来了不利影响。 二、企业融资的方式 企业的融资方式根据企业的性质不同、企业的发展方向不同及融资定位等各方面的差异，每个企业都会选择适合自己的融资方式，体现企业特色，发挥企业优势，从而为企业更好的积累资金。 1、信贷：绝大多数企业都采用信贷的方式筹集资金，这不仅是最受企业欢迎的方式，也是企业最容易接受的方式。 2、证券：如今仍有不少企业通过进入证券市场进行融资。 3、发行企业债券：大多用于企业新建项目的开发，用于有盈利较高的、资金需求量较大的项目。 4、资产股份化：中小企业可以根据公司资产实际，将净资产作为股份划分，采取MBO(管理层持股)、ESO(员工持股)及向特定的股东发售股份的方式募集资金，并实现股份的多元化。 5、融资租赁。 6、国际市场开拓资金。 三、如何进行融资 (一)选择适合的融资方式 每个企业都有自己的特性，不同的企业选择的融资方式也各不相同，但是每一个企业都能在发展过程中找到适合自己的融资方式，只有这样，才能更有利的实现企业的资金积累。 但是大多数企业融资方式的选择都具有某种共性，也就是说经常以某种融资方式为主，如以银行贷款筹资为主或以发行证券筹资为主等，这便是不同企业的融资方式问题。 (二)健全信用体系 健全信用体系是企业不断提升融资能力的一项重要途径。融资企业的信誉度好坏，对企业的融资成功与否起着相当大的作用，信用良好的企业，能为企业顺利融资创造良好的条件，为企业获得更多的资金;同时，能通过提高自己的信用度来遏制失信企业的资金积累，树立自己企业的地位，在不断提高企业信用等级的同时，也是对竞争对手的有力打击，更加顺畅的实现企业的融资活动。 (三)适当的降低融资成本 融资成本一般指企业为筹措资金而支出的一切费用，主要包括：融资过程中的组织管理费用、融资后的资金占用费用以及融资时支付的其它费用。这部分成本对企业的融资效率起着决定性作用，也是企业选择融资方式的关键所在，所以说企业如何控制融资成本在实际融资中的作用已不言而喻。但是在具体运用时由于受到各方面因素的影响，所以操控起来有一定的难度，这就要求企业要跟据具体情况进行具体分析，从而得出适合自己企业的方式。 (四)有效拓宽融资渠道 在融资渠道上，一定要多方面发展，不能局限于一种融资方式，使企业尽快适应市场，在市场中建立融资体系，从市场中发现融资机遇。通过多方努力争取与信托投资公司、融资租赁公司等融资服务融资机构建立起良好的关系，开拓融资渠道，从中挖掘出更多的适合自己企业发展的融资方式。 (五)撑控融资机会 所谓融资机会，是指由有利于企业融资的一系列因素所构成的有利的融资环境和时机。对企业来说，融资机会的选择过程，就是企业不断发展不断成熟的过程，只有通过不断的开拓与创新来给企业增加融资机会，企业才会在发展中更好的积累资金，为以后的更好发展打下坚实基础。在机会的把握上，一定要正确处理好内部融资环境与外部融资环境的关系，充分发挥企业的主动性、超前预见性，及时应对各种变化对企业融资的影响，对各种情况做出合理分析，准确判断发展趋势，以便从中寻求最佳融资时机。 (六)借鉴国外融资模式 目前发达国家的企业融资主要有两大模式：一种是以英美为代表的以证券融资为主导的模式，另一种是以日本、韩国等东亚国家及德国为代表的以银行贷款融资为主导的模式。通过对英美模式、日本的主银行模式和德国全能银行融资模式的比较研究，借鉴国外的做法，并考虑到我国的实际情况，逐步摸索出适合自己企业融资的方式，与国外的先进思想接轨，全面提升企业的融资能力，为企业更好的积累资金开拓新的方式。 结论 资金是企业生存与发展的基础，不论任何行业，任何企业，都离不开资金而独立存在，资金的取得与积累，便是企业持续经营的根本。 通过积累资金，不断壮大企业的资本实力，为企业的支付能力和发展后劲的增强增加筹码，扩大了企业规模和获利能力，从而加快企业的发展，与此同时，提高了企业信誉，树立企业的良好形象，不断提高企业在市场中所占的份额，在提高自己的同时，利用自己企业的强有力竞争资本削弱竞争对手，充分利用规模经济优势，让企业在市场上的竞争力不断提高，在竞争中占据主导地位，这样才能让企业长期立于不败之地。 因此，如何合理有效的进行融资便成了企业生存与发展的关键，如何选择，如何决策，都要进行斟酌，制定合理、周密的计划，在决策时企业一定要选择最有利于提高竞争力的融资方式，扩大收益，积累资金，这就是企业融资的关键所在。 参考文献： 1、 王承钢 《我国中小企业融资存在的问题与对策》 沿海与科技 2、方晓霞《中国企业融资：制度变迁与行为分析》，北京大学出版社 3、郑文平、罗中伟《美日德企业金融体制比较及其借鉴 》中国工业经济 4、胡竟霜《关于中小企业融资问题的探讨》商业会计 5、刘鸿儒、__玲《中国融资体制的变革及股票市场的定位》 金融研究 6、李维宁《投融资管理》 深圳海天出版社 猜你喜欢： 1. 中小企业融资论文范文 2. 中小企业融资问题毕业论文 3. 中小企业融资论文开题报告 4. 我国中小企业融资问题探讨毕业论文提纲范文 5. 中小企业融资毕业论文

中小企业融资毕业论文参考文献

1.《我国中小企业融资难之现状与对策分析 》 【作者】 刘群. 【刊名】金融纵横 2005年05期

2.《我国中小企业融资对策分析 》【作者】 国亮. 【刊名】 杨凌职业技术学院学报 2005年01期

3.《中小企业的.融资问题及对策》【作者】 洪慧. 【刊名】 云南财贸学院学报(社会科学版) 2005年01期

4.《浅析中小企业融资难》【作者】 党宏明. 【刊名】 西安金融 2005年07期

5.《对中小企业融资难问题的成因及对策分析》【作者】 姜征宇. 申希国. 【刊名】 济南金融 2005年06期

6.《当前我国中小企业融资制约因素及对策》【作者】 王伯芳. 【刊名】 企业技术开发 2005年07期

7.《中小民营企业融资难的问题与对策》【作者】 崔俊峰. 【刊名】 中国金融家 2005年06期

8.《中小企业融资问题初探》【作者】 李靖. 刊名】 决策探索 2005年06期

9.《浅谈我国中小企业融资困难的主要原因及对策》【作者】 廖丹. 【刊名】 湖南经济管理干部学院学报 2005年03期

10.《对中国中小企业融资体系构建的理性思考》【作者】 陈璐. 【刊名】 巢湖学院学报 2005年04期

11.贝多广.中国资金流动分析〔M〕.上海：上海三联书店，1995.

12.刘彪.企业融资机制分析〔M〕.北京：中国人民大学出版社，1995.

13.吴敬琏.现代公司与企业改革〔M〕.天津：天津人民出版社，1994.

14.伍中信.产权与会计〔M〕.上海：立信会计出版社，1998.

民营企业融资难论文参考文献

参考文献：[1]李广子.刘力债务融资成本与民营信贷歧视[J].金融研究,2009,12:25.[2]蒋琰.权益成本、债务成本与公司治理:影响差异性研究[J].管理世界, 2009,11:15.[3]肖宇,罗滢.中国债券市场的发展路径[J].宏观经济研究,2009,02:18.[4]刘星,彭程.负债融资与企业投资决策:破产风险视角的互动关系研究[J]. 管理工程学报,2009,01:15.

崔燕;国内中小企业融资问题文献综述[J];知识经济;2010年03期郭丽虹;中国中小企业的融资缺口与财务杠杆关系的研究[A];中国经济60年 道路、模式与发展：上海市社会科学界第七届学术年会文集（2009年度）经济、管理学科卷[C];2009年《我国民营经济融资难的原因与对策》张国亭 《网络财富》 2008年10期 想写这方面的文章，先去统计局、统计年鉴找些最新数据，去中国知网找些相关的文章，多看几篇。找到自己的思路，用自己的话总结出来。

1. 中小民营企业融资困境成因及对策 2. 刍议企业固定资产折旧的税收筹划 3. 关于我国中小企业融资难的原因和对策的问题探讨 4. 财务失败和财务预警问题的探讨 5. 从盈余管理角度谈识别企业真实利润 6. 企业财务危机预警模型研究 7. 如何避免国有企业实施MBO时国有资产流失的问题研究 8. 探讨企业财务评价体系——基于杜邦分析法的研究与改 9. 中国上市公司股利政策稳定性与信号传递研究 10. 中小型高新技术企业融资分析 11. 对我国国有企业MBO财务问题的思考 12. 企业自创商誉确认的可行性分析 13. 如何利用现金流量信息进行财务分析 14. 新会计准则对上市公司财务影响分析 15. 中国上市公司融资行为分析 16. 中小型企业价值评估流程和方法研究 17. 关于企业业绩评价体系的探讨 18. 浅论企业可持续经营的四因素模型的构建 19. 论我国上市公司盈余管理的动因与治理 20. 中国国有企业MBO定价问题研究 21. 中小企业融资问题探讨 22. 作业成本法在我国企业的应用研究 23.事业单位财务管理若干问题及对策 24.浅谈中小企业财务管理中存在的问题及对策 25.家族企业财务管理及监督机制 26.上市公司财务报表分析 27.事业单位财务管理存在的问题及对策 28.浅谈房地产开发中的成本控制 29.民营企业财务管理中存在的问题及对策 30.加强投资管理是提高企业效益的重要前提 31.浅谈建行现金备付率--关于建行平阳支行现金备付率的实践报告 32.时间性差异的账务处理及其探讨 33.企业债务资本成本的计算方法及比较 34.借款费用处理的新旧对比以及对企业经营杠杆的影响

中小企业融资毕业论文参考文献

1.《我国中小企业融资难之现状与对策分析 》 【作者】 刘群. 【刊名】金融纵横 2005年05期

2.《我国中小企业融资对策分析 》【作者】 国亮. 【刊名】 杨凌职业技术学院学报 2005年01期

3.《中小企业的.融资问题及对策》【作者】 洪慧. 【刊名】 云南财贸学院学报(社会科学版) 2005年01期

4.《浅析中小企业融资难》【作者】 党宏明. 【刊名】 西安金融 2005年07期

5.《对中小企业融资难问题的成因及对策分析》【作者】 姜征宇. 申希国. 【刊名】 济南金融 2005年06期

6.《当前我国中小企业融资制约因素及对策》【作者】 王伯芳. 【刊名】 企业技术开发 2005年07期

7.《中小民营企业融资难的问题与对策》【作者】 崔俊峰. 【刊名】 中国金融家 2005年06期

8.《中小企业融资问题初探》【作者】 李靖. 刊名】 决策探索 2005年06期

9.《浅谈我国中小企业融资困难的主要原因及对策》【作者】 廖丹. 【刊名】 湖南经济管理干部学院学报 2005年03期

10.《对中国中小企业融资体系构建的理性思考》【作者】 陈璐. 【刊名】 巢湖学院学报 2005年04期

11.贝多广.中国资金流动分析〔M〕.上海：上海三联书店，1995.

12.刘彪.企业融资机制分析〔M〕.北京：中国人民大学出版社，1995.

13.吴敬琏.现代公司与企业改革〔M〕.天津：天津人民出版社，1994.

14.伍中信.产权与会计〔M〕.上海：立信会计出版社，1998.