汽车领域的英文论文题目

汽车领域的英文论文题目

前段时间刚好有个朋友写了个论文 题目就是电子技术在汽车中的应用 可以联XI我

Guide the future development of the concept of automotive vehicles Summary of high-tech popularization and application makes the pace of replacement automotive products faster and faster, also makes the Chinese automotive industry independent research and development level and technical level with the international on the growing gap in the development of the concept car is even more the difference between the very poor. WTO accession for China car alarm sounded, but also tremendous opportunity, our government, as well as automotive companies must increase their research and automotive design input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design . Keywords concept car designed to develop science, technology and culture Technology start-ups PIONEERINGWITHSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYMONTHLY The 21st century, in order to lead and performance of the new century, the development of future automotive trends, a number of international auto companies, one after another at the major auto show in the world to launch its own concept car and new car. There is, however, must be caused by a phenomenon we are concerned about: As a car big country, but few Chinese car makers to launch its own development and design concept cars. Are one of the main reasons for China's automotive design concepts and methods, as well as the lack of research and development of concept cars do not pay enough attention. It can be said that a self-designed and self-development capacity of the automobile industry, it is difficult to say that is a complete auto industry. Thus we must intensify the study of automotive design and input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design. 1 "concept car" is defined The so-called "concept cars" that have not yet begun to enter the market with a design unique and must advance the awareness of the new models. Its main characteristics are: it must give people are to consider that can guide the new concept cars. It has just the design in general at the time, people's aesthetic ideas, the purchasing power and even the level of motor vehicle manufacturing industry is also unbearable. Generally it will be it avant-garde design, innovative materials, bold use of a more perfect performance, the new car interior design indicates that the direction of development of the automobile industry. Some of the world's largest car company every year to spend many human and material resources to design their own concept car, and in some large auto exposition on display. It can be said that with the continuous introduction of concept cars, the near future may occur on some concept cars have today, some features or functions of the car. But not necessarily a concept car will each eventually evolve into mass production cars to enter the market, the majority of concept cars are finally only a "concept" for people to discuss the matter. 2 concept car, in reality the meaning of concept car design and development of automotive products reflected the development trend of the performance of the highest scientific level and the most sophisticated technology in concept car At the International Motor Show the previous, and the major automotive companies and the introduction of the concept of lot of cars, concept cars to remove these sleek, but also more integrated into a large number of high-tech and modern means of the introduction of the concept car to become Motor Company takes pride in the idea of the concept of automotive research and development are often accompanied by new technologies and the use of new materials with certain forward-looking, herald a new stage of development and the beginning for this reason that car companies the development of the concept car has invested great human and material resources, with its show car the company's strong momentum of development. Various high-tech applications, making car slowly evolved into information, communications, entertainment centers and the exchange of information with the outside world, the computer functions and Internet all-round involvement, in-car information and entertainment equipment, advanced navigation equipment, real-time traffic information function of the growing popularity of the inevitable demand of these high-tech automotive designers transcend time and space to establish a new value system, the emergence of various new technologies for the automotive design freely given to a wider space. Function of motor vehicles for further expansion and development of the concept car, the car gradually from the cold machinery into human information exchange platform, if the concept car has its own way of expressing their emotions with pregnant, anger, sadness and joy, such as facial expression make the concept car than in high volume production cars, become a new symbol of time. Concept Car Design of automotive products have greater and greater impact, it represents the development direction of the automobile industry and the basic idea of the automobile company design standards and a symbol of scientific and technological level. human physiological needs and psychological needs of the largest Satisfied --- Automotive Engineering in the Ergonomics Ergonomics are 50 in the early 20th century with the rapid development of a new subject with the aim of research, design and engineering technology to solve the relationship between the human body. Car body design in ergonomics, it is to people (drivers and passengers) as the center, from the body's physiology, psychology, and exercise the human body, the research body design, layout and equipment in terms of how to adapt to people need to create a manipulation convenient, safe, reliable, beautiful and comfortable driving environment and take the environment, that is the best person to design a - vehicle - environment system. Automotive Design Human-Computer analysis of the first ministries to human size required for measurement, statistics and analysis, conducting interior layout design as a basis to determine the effective space vehicle, as well as parts, assemblies (seats, dashboard , steering wheel, etc.) position and dimensions of the relationship between layout. Through the study of human physiological structure, so that the seat design in full compliance with the requirements of human comfort. Based on the manipulation of human manipulation of the scope and power to determine the layout of the manipulator position and force size, so that when the human body to manipulate natural, rapid, accurate and lightweight, so as to reduce the degree of manipulation of fatigue. Through the visual characteristics of the human eye, the effect of vision research, testing, checking driver information system, to ensure that drivers have access to proper driving information. Exercise in accordance with the characteristics of the human body to study the automobile collision on the human body, a reasonable protection, the right to determine the hinged point seat belts and binding on the human body to study the vibration of the impact on ride comfort, research on and get off at the convenience of passengers, and door openings in order to determine location and size. According to the body's physiological requirements, reasonable certainty that the air-conditioning system and layout. Research on the psychological characteristics and requirements, to design a comfortable, beautiful, relaxed by the environment. virtual product development technology At present, a growing number of automotive design companies and manufacturing companies to start using virtual product development technology, using three-dimensional virtual reality 3D technology development concept car. Opel car using 3D virtual reality technology concept car design and development. Designers can experience floating in the air of a virtual image of car design and manufacturing, saving considerable development costs, and plans to be extended to its North American assembly plant to 14. Britain's Rolls-Royce, Renault, France, Germany Audi, as well as Italy, Sweden and other auto plants are actively engaged in this virtual design and manufacturing. Over the past automotive research and development centers to develop new or modified are first shaped body sludge physical model, is extremely time-consuming modifications. Now automotive R & D, in particular the development of concept cars are increasingly seeking the shortest development time. If the introduction of virtual product development technologies, as long as the computer input data to construct a model figure model, in the laboratory can show an ideal vehicle images, as long as the engineers wear eyepiece, you can see clearly, there is such as a car in front of us true, after all the discussion of design engineers modifications, you can quickly design an ideal new car. Stereotypes, the computer can use the data, outsourcing trial and trial fitted the new parts and components, assembly achieve zero error, and the development of aging more rapidly than in the past. the concept of green environment-friendly vehicles to the development trend of Since entering the 21st century, countries around the world have been produced about billion vehicles, according to expert estimates that in 2010 global vehicle production will reach 75 million. People sigh at the rapid development of automobile industry, but also an increasing awareness of pollution from motor vehicles to harm human beings, so many countries of the vehicle to develop environmental protection measures and regulations to protect the environment for human survival, so automotive environmental protection the design of this new concept car design to be placed in a prominent position on the essential. Improve energy efficiency, improved engine configurations, including electronically controlled fuel injection system, secondary air injection, thermal reactor, exhaust gas recirculation system, catalytic purification device, crankcase ventilation systems, fuel evaporation control system. The development of alternative fuels, research and development of new environmentally-friendly energy, including natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, fast charging batteries, hybrid power, hydrogen fuel. In the automotive manufacturing process, use of green materials, green packaging, green manufacturing processes and equipment and equipment green. Green car recycling manufacturers. Concept car indicates road traffic in the evolution of human behavior Concept foretells the future of the way road traffic trends Along with the development of automobile, the vehicle status is also slowly change, now car in people's minds as a symbol, a symbol of wealth and the embodiment of a status, but the car as a way of the nature of road traffic has overlooked. Concept car design is based on the nature of a car's innovative design predictability. Concept car at the design of the way through the daily life of mankind, human beings in road traffic in the use of methods such as behavior and ways of life all aspects of prediction and analysis, it is envisaged to solve the future in the way road traffic between the object harmonious factors. Strong and high-speed in today's technology enables the development of means of transport have a much broader space for development, more and more high-tech continuously applied at a new car. At present many of the world's major auto companies have realized that the development of the next car is no longer the biggest obstacles are technical limitations, but limits the designers thinking. Now appearing in major auto show concept cars are generally two types: one is based on the latest available technology can achieve another kind of concept cars are those who put forward some innovative technology options but is still in the research phase of the concept car. Able to express their feelings such as car, truck can random shell replacement car, be able to easily change the driving mode of motor vehicles, be able to swim in the water of the amphibious vehicle, able to fly in space vehicles, be able to change cars. Like from Toyota and Sony jointly developed by "POD" cars, will be able to through the car before the lights, mirrors, antenna, as well as the rear seat to the car owners to express their "feelings." Like Volkswagen's Seat International Auto Show in the United States on the introduction of multi-functional concept car "Sal? Juancheng sa", there are sports, comfort and three kinds of urban-type driving mode selection for you. Concept of culture differences in performance The United States as a world leader in the auto industry, concept cars at the manufacturing are on the forefront in the world. At the United States because of cultural blending, collision, so the concept car embodies the greater the diversity of cultures; are also caused by a highly developed country commercial, commercial design and pragmatism prevailed, so the design is set up at a deep aesthetic Ethics on the real and solve practical problems. With the American cars are in sharp contrast to the Japanese concept cars. Japan as the world's output of the second car big country, its concept car many practical and imagination, technology is better than art, more concerned about solving technical problems, it can be said in Japan This is the premise of the concept of car design, each model is to solve one kinds of technical problems developed. The Japanese car model to maintain a small, simple, style characteristics of the economy and harmonious relations between man-machine deal with the Japanese are reflected as a delicate oriental thinking and compromise approach to solve the problem. The United States put the design of commercial operation as an important aspect, Japan put out of Products Designed to accelerate as a tool, Germany put Designed as a social and cultural foundation, while the French took the design as a designer of stage performance. From various countries so the concept of car design in different styles, we can see different countries, different concepts, as well as their different cultural backgrounds design. 3 Concluding remarks The future of automotive design as the development of the inevitable progress of Automotive Technology with each passing day, many of the artistic style of the designer will make it even more widely and more strongly reflected in the car design, and give people a wider choice. Under high-tech, and personality of the car more humane 21st century will be the necessity of the development of the automobile industry, because it is consistent with human culture, the pursuit of individuality and needs. Therefore, the increase in automobile design concept of the attention and input, will be the development of China's automobile industry has played a great role in pushing forward. References 1尹定邦. Introduction to Study Design [M]. Hunan: Hunan Science and Technology Press, 1999 2张洪欣. Auto Design [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1997 3 Tang Jia-Ti, Han Xiao Jian had denitrification. --- Product conceptual design theory, methods and techniques [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2002

(英语系毕业论文)国际商务谈判及其谈判风格摘要自从中国加入世界贸易组织后，国际贸易比以往任何时候都变的更加频繁。所以商务谈判技巧将会是对国际贸易很重要的工具。一次成功的交易需要几个谈判过程，第一阶段是谈判者为谈判做准备，执行最初的方法。然后，有纪律有组织的谈判计划对一个团队的成功很重要。最后，必须考虑实际的谈判行为。尤其是在国际商务谈判中，进出口贸易的支付方式和工具很重要。没有钱就无所谓交易，我们追求的是各自的利益。最流行和最安全的支付方式是惯用的不可取消的即期信用证。在国际商务谈判的过程中，我们必须熟悉不同的谈判风格。我们要了解八个主要国家的谈判风格：美国谈判风格，德国谈判风格，法国谈判风格，英国 谈判风格，俄罗斯谈判风格，日本谈判风格，澳大利亚谈判风格，中国谈判风格。来自不同国家的不同的有不同的价值观，习惯和态度。和不同的人用不同的策略对于谈判的成功很有必要。关键词： 国际商务谈判 谈判者 谈判的风格 不同文化 下决定AbstractSince china's entrance into the WTO, international business became more frequent than ever before. Then business negotiation skills will be an important tool for the foreign trade. A successful business needs several negotiation processes; the first one is a period during which the negotiator must prepare for the negotiation, and execute the initial approach, and then the negotiation plan provides discipline and organization that can be critical to a team’s success. At last the actual conduct of the negotiation must be considered. Especially in international business negotiations, methods and tools of payment in exporting and importing are important. No money, no deal. What we pursuit is money. The most popular and a safer method of payment is by a confirmed irrevocable little of credit at sight. There are other ways of the process of the international business negotiation we should be familiar with different negotiating styles. We have eight main countries negotiating styles: American negotiating style, German negotiating styles, French negotiating styles, British negotiating styles, Russian negotiating styles, Japanese negotiating styles, Australian negotiating styles, Chinese negotiating styles. Different people from different countries have different values, habits, and attitude. Using appropriate strategies with different people would be necessary for a successful : international business negotiations; negotiator; negotiating stylesdifferent cultures; make decisions CONTENTSAbstract in Chinese………………………………….….……….....iAbstract in English ………………………………..………………ii1 Introduction to Negotiations…………………………………… Impressive Behavior……………………………………………… Punctually………………………………………………………… Appearance………………………………………………………… Enthusiasm ………………………………………………………… Teamwork………………………………………………………… Respect………………………………………………………………22 Negotiation Process 1…………………………………………… Forming the negotiation Team……………………………………3Negotiation Process 2…………………………………………… Creating the information base…………………………………… Creditability Study………………………………………………42. 4 Feasibility Study…………………………………………………… The Negotiating Brief………………………………………………52. 6 The Negotiating Plan………………………………………………53 Negotiation Process 3…………………………………………… The Opening and Its Review……………………………………… The Follow Up …………………………………………………… Identifying the Bargain…………………………………………… Concluding the Bargain…………………………………………… How to negotiation …………………………………………… Negotiation Tips…………………………………………………… Methods and Tools of Payment in Exporting and Importing…...115 Different Negotiation Styles of Different Cultures………….... Negotiation Style…………………………………… German Negotiating Style………………………………………… French Negotiating Style………………………………………… British Negotiating Style………………………………………… Russian Negotiation Style………………………………………… Japanese Negotiation Style ……………………………………… Australian Negotiating Style……………………………………… Chinese Negotiating Style…………………………………………18(英语系毕业论文)在经济全球化下中西方文化差异与跨文化管理摘 要伴随着世界经济的快速增长,跨国公司的飞速发展, 全球商业活动的猛烈激增，同时伴随着在文化多样化环境下的相关管理问题的出现，跨国公司的人员必须与来自不同文化背景的人打交道，这种文化差异时而会造成误解和冲突,甚至会阻碍进一步的商务合作。本论文目的在于引起人们对商业中跨文化问题重要性的重视。该文的论点是文化差异确实存在于商业与管理领域中，特别是东西方国家的文化差异，并且在商业活动中起到了重要作用。它在很大程度上影响到商业进程和公司的日常管理。通过细心地观察和总结，我们会发现在跨文化管理中起到辨证作用的某些规律性的模式和规则。一方面，文化差异是一种障碍，另一方面，在跨文化环境下，只有很好地掌握文化差异才有可能使其成为商务沟通和管理的桥梁。著名人类学家, 霍夫斯泰德所提出的理论贯穿全文,基于其中几个模型我们分析了上述主题。文化差异表现在很多方面，通过比较的方式，不同国家的文化差异特征显而易见，同时我们还了解到每一种文化差异都有其理论根源。伴随着中国加入 WTO，在这种特殊挑战的巨大压力下，越来越多的商务和管理问题出现了，跨国公司的经理们不得不面临这种特殊的挑战。在最后部分，本文基于中国的传统文化，分析了当今中国企业管理的现状与特征，并提出了建议性的未来发展方式。关键词： 文化差异； 管理； 沟通； 商业环境； 跨国公司ABSTRACTWith the swift growth of world’s economy, the rapid development of the transnational corporation and the increasing business activities in a global scale, together with the related management in a culturally diversified environment, people in transnational corporation have to deal with those from different cultural background, which may cause the misunderstanding, sometimes even conflict or may hinder the further cooperation in the thesis is aiming at drawing people’s attention to the importance of the cross-cultural problems in business. The argument of my paper is that the cultural differences, especially the disparity between the eastern and western countries, really exist and furthermore play an important role in doing business. It will greatly influence the advancement of our business and the daily run of a company. Our careful observation and summarizing being done, we could find some regular pattern and rules which have dialectical functions in cross-cultural management. Cultural difference will not only be, on the one hand, an obstacle, but will serve as a bridge in the business communication and management in cross-cultural environment on the other hand if it would be better theories advanced by a famous anthropologist, Hofstede, are running through my thesis that has closely analyzed the subject based on several aspects. Through comparison, the features of cultural differences are obviously seen. So is the root of the cultural difference in each China’s entry into WTO, increasing problems have to be dealt with in business and management, which are under severe pressure from the special challenges that all the managers in the transnational corporations have to face. Finally, the thesis analyses the condition and character of today’s enterprise management in China on the base of the Chinese traditional culture and suggests some approaches to further Words: Cultural Difference; Management; Communication; Business Environment; Transnational Corporation Contents1 The globalization of business 12 Culture theory and its function in business communication and management The definition and nature of culture Level of culture National culture Business culture Occupational culture and organizational culture 43 The introduction of mainstream culture theories and their application in business dimension Hofstede’s Model of National Culture applied in business area Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Individualism/ Collectivism Masculinity/ Femininity Long-term and short-term orientation Kluckhohm’s Model of value Orientations used in business area Human nature Relationship with nature Time Being/ Doing 104 Cultural Differences and its performance in other countries Cultural Differences and Their Roots From business point of view to see the Cultural differences in Sino-Western countries Doing business in China Doing business in America and France Doing business in Arab countries 155 Cross- culture management and Management in other countries and Management in China China’s background information Managerial behavior in China Implications for managers 19Conclusion 21Bibliography 22(英语系毕业论文)文化差异在中美雇员协作中的问题分析摘 要全球经济一体化背景下，各国企业交流日益紧密，企业在经营管理活动中不可避免地会遇到由文化差异而引起的雇员协作问题，正确处理文化差异带来的文化冲突具有积极的现实意义。因此本文就联想并购IBM的PC与笔记本电脑部门为引，探讨了中西文化的差异性。本文首先简要介绍霍夫斯泰德的价值维度和霍尔的高语境和低语境取向理论；再由联想并购IBM的PC事件，提出中美雇员协作中所遇到的文化冲突方面的问题；然后比较中美文化差异，分析中美雇员协作冲突的原因；最后对不同文化背景下团队成员协作过程中的问题，从掌握文化差异、多文化培训和进行文化整合建立共同价值观三方面给出具体对策及解决途径。本文建议当处理由不同背景文化而引起的协作冲突时，要以尊重不同文化，认识文化差异，以及寻求有效的跨文化培训为基本。关键词：中美文化； 雇员； 协作； 差异； 文化培训 AbstractWith global economic integration, companies from different countries are involved in increasingly close interchange and, unavoidably, run into the problem of culture difference in the corporation of employees and properly handling the culture collide is of positive practical significance. In order to resolve the problems of the cooperation between the Chinese and American Employees, this paper expounds the cultural theories of Hofstede’s value Dimensions and Hall’s High/Low-Context Orientation at firstly. Then it describes Lenovo Acquire IBM’s PC Division as a particular case, and points out the problems between American and Chinese employees when they corporate in the same workplace. Through the analysis of the cause of the differences between Chinese and American cultures, it explores the reasons of the coworker interactions. Based on the concrete analysis of different cultural background, it gives correct guidance to culture conflict, so as to achieve culture harmonization and integration. The result shows that it requires cultivating common corporate values, seeking common ground and reserving differences, expanding communication channels and conducting cross-cultural the end, the author suggests that it is very important for people from different cultures to respect another culture, to realize the cultural difference, and to find effective intercultural training programs for the cross-cultural words：American & Chinese culture; employees; cooperation; differences; intercultural training programsContentsIntroduction…………………………………………………………11. Rationale for the Study……………………………………………11. 1 Hofstede’s value Dimensions……………………………………11. 2 Hall’s High-Context and Low-Context Orientation…………42. Introduction of Lenovo’s Acquisition of IBM’s PC Division…52. 1 Lenovo and IBM………………………………………………52. 1. 1 Lenovo………………………………………………………52. 1. 2 IBM…………………………………………………………62. 1. 3 The new Lenovo——Acquisition of IBM’s PC Division……62. 2 The Problems for Employees in the New Lenovo……………72. 2. 1 Differences in Team-work value………………………………72. 2. 2 The relationship between employer and employees……………82. 2. 3 Differences in verbal style……………………………………83. Reasons for the Problems among Employees…………………93. 1 Chinese Culture and American Culture………………………93. 1. 1 Chinese Culture………………………………………………93. 1. 2 American Culture……………………………………………103. 2 Analysis in Details………………………………………………103. 2. 1 Harmonious Relationship versus Individualism………………113. 2. 2 Power versus Equality………………………………………133. 2. 3 Implicit versus Explicit Communication ……………………134. Solutions for the Problems among Employees ………144. 1 Manage Cultural Differences on Threes Distinct Levels……144. 2 Intercultural Training…………………………………………154. 2. 1 The Emergence of Intercultural Training Programs…………154. 2. 2 Object for Cultural Training…………………………………154. 2. 3 Culture Skills and Training Techniques………………………164. 3 Cultural Integration and value Building……………………174. 3. 1 Cultural Integration…………………………………………174. 3. 2 value Building………………………………………………17Conclusions and Suggestions……………………………………17Bibliography…………………………………………………………19

物理在汽车领域的应用论文题目

参考题目：1. 惯性质量与引力质量相等的实验验证。2. 谈谈伽利略的相对性原理。3. 惯性系与非惯性系中物理学规律之间联系的讨论。4. 生活中的惯性力，科里奥利力，举例说明自然界中的科里奥利效应。5. 谈谈角动量守恒及其应用。6. 质心参照系的利用。7. 论述“嫦娥一号”奔月的主要过程及其其中的物理学原理。8. 谈谈刚体中的打击中心问题。9. 谈谈冰箱的工作原理及如何实现冰箱节能。10. 论述汽车发动机与热力学的关系。11. 论述燃煤电厂效率提高的发展趋势。12. 热力学第一定律及其思考。13. 热力学第二定律及其思考。14. 举例说明永动机是不可能制成的。15. 从热力学第二定律的角度论述生命活动的本质。16. 谈谈日常生活中的混沌现象。17. 举例说明乐器中的物理学。18. 谈谈共振的应用及其危害。19. 谈谈阻尼振动的应用及其危害。20. 举例说明多普勒效应及其应用。21. 杨氏双缝干涉实验的结果及其思考。22. 谈谈等厚干涉及其应用。23. 谈谈偏振光的产生及其应用。24. 全息照相在光学工程中的应用。 25. 物理与新技术（与自己的专业相结合，比如：“物理与航天技术”、“物理与光学技术”、“物理与发动机” 、“物理与生命活动”等）。

有招编辑部这边做过类似的文章通过的哦，小编全程 免费 提供专业写作思路和构建框架， 在线构题辅导，这样能更准确的解决同学的问题哦，望采纳哦，，麻烦同学了。

新能源汽车是指采用非常规的车用燃料作为动力来源（或使用常规的车用燃料、采用新型车载动力装置），综合车辆的动力操控和驱动方面的先进技术，形成的技术原理先进、具有新技术、新结构的汽车。主要区别于现在我们常见的汽油和柴油为燃料的内燃机汽车。新能源汽车包括纯电动汽车、增程式电动汽车、混合动力汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、氢动力汽车、其他新能源汽车等。下面介绍几个市场主流的新能源汽车类型：1、新能源包括混合动力汽车：采用燃油和电作为驱动原料的混合动力。目前各大品牌基本都有此类车型，比如：奔驰S400、宝马5系等，这些混动车辆都会标有Hybrid字样。2、纯电动汽车：此款车完全脱离了燃油，完全靠电作为驱动原料的混合动力。3、燃料电池汽车：这款车也是电池车，是一种氢氧混合燃料电池，您可以快速将电池燃料灌满，无需充电等待。4、氢能源动力汽车：此款车也完全脱离了燃油，利用氢能源替代了燃料。5、太阳能汽车：这款车大家比较容易理解，通过太阳能电池板，转化成电能来驱动车辆。还有其他新能源汽车，如：双燃料汽车、天然气汽车等

物理是一门历史悠久的自然学科，物理科学作为自然科学的重要分支，不仅对物质文明的进步和人类对自然科学认识的深化起了重要的推动作用，而且对人类的思维发展也产生了不可或缺的影响。随着科学技术的发展，社会的进步，物理已渗透到人类生活的各个领域。 在汽车上驾驶室外面的观后镜是一个凸镜利用凸镜对光线的发散作用和成正立、缩小的虚像的特点，使看到的实物小，观察范围更大，而保证行车安全。 汽车头灯里的反射镜是一个凹镜。 它是利用凹透镜能把放在其焦点上的光源发出的光反射成平行光射出的性质做的。 轿车上装有太阳膜，行人很难看清车中人的面孔，太阳膜能反射一部分光，还会吸收一部分光，这样透进车内的光线较弱。要看清乘客的面孔，必须要从面孔放射足够的光头到玻璃外面。由于车内光线较弱，没有足够的光透出来，所以很难看清乘客的面孔。 当汽车的前窗玻璃倾斜时，反射成的像在过的前上方的空中的，这样就将车内乘客的像与路上行人分离开来，司机就不会出现错觉。大型客车较大，前窗离地面要比小汽车高得多，及时前窗竖直装，像是与窗同高的，而路上的行人不可能出现在这个高度上，所以司机也不会将乘客在窗外的相遇路上的行人相混。 现在，人类所有令人惊叹的科学技术成就，如克隆羊、因特网、核电站、航天技术等，无不是建立在早期的科学家们对身边琐事进行观察并研究的基础上的，在学习中，同学们要树立科学意识，大处着眼、小处着手，经历观察、思考、实践、创新等活动，逐步掌握科学的学习方法，训练科学的思维方式，不久你就会拥有科学家的头脑，为自己今后惊叹不已的发展，为今后美好的甚或打下坚实的基础。

关于汽车专业研究领域论文选题

新能源汽车是指采用非常规的车用燃料作为动力来源（或使用常规的车用燃料、采用新型车载动力装置），综合车辆的动力操控和驱动方面的先进技术，形成的技术原理先进、具有新技术、新结构的汽车。主要区别于现在我们常见的汽油和柴油为燃料的内燃机汽车。新能源汽车包括纯电动汽车、增程式电动汽车、混合动力汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、氢动力汽车、其他新能源汽车等。下面介绍几个市场主流的新能源汽车类型：1、新能源包括混合动力汽车：采用燃油和电作为驱动原料的混合动力。目前各大品牌基本都有此类车型，比如：奔驰S400、宝马5系等，这些混动车辆都会标有Hybrid字样。2、纯电动汽车：此款车完全脱离了燃油，完全靠电作为驱动原料的混合动力。3、燃料电池汽车：这款车也是电池车，是一种氢氧混合燃料电池，您可以快速将电池燃料灌满，无需充电等待。4、氢能源动力汽车：此款车也完全脱离了燃油，利用氢能源替代了燃料。5、太阳能汽车：这款车大家比较容易理解，通过太阳能电池板，转化成电能来驱动车辆。还有其他新能源汽车，如：双燃料汽车、天然气汽车等

车辆工程毕业论文题目如下：

1.发动机排放技术的应用分析

2.微型车怠速不良原因与控制措施

3.柴油机电子控制系统的发展

4.我国汽车尾气排放控制现状与对策

5.发动机自动熄火的诊断分析

6.汽车发动机的维护与保养

7.柴油机微粒排放的净化技术发展趋势

8.汽车污染途径及控制措施

9.现代发动机自诊断系统探讨

10.关于奔驰300SEL型不能着车的故障分析

11.奔驰Sprinter动力不足的检测与维修

12.上海通用别克发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

13.现代伊兰特发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

14.广本雅阁发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

15.电子燃油喷射系统的诊断与维修

16.帕萨特排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修

17.广本雅阁排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修

18.汽车发动机怠速成抖动现象的原因及排查方法探讨

19汽车排放控制系统的检修

20.安全气囊的发展与应用

21.机电液一体化技术在汽车中的应用

22.分析国产几种汽车行走系统特点

新能源汽车是指采用非常规的车用燃料作为动力来源（或使用常规的车用燃料、采用新型车载动力装置），综合车辆的动力控制和驱动方面的先进技术，形成的技术原理先进、具有新技术、新结构的汽车。下面是学术堂整理的关于新能源汽车的论文题目，欢迎大家阅读参考：1、对汽车新能源技术的初步探讨2、2011第九届(上海)汽车电子与汽车新能源高峰论坛圆满落幕3、现阶段我国汽车新能源技术发展战略研究4、汽车新能源及润滑油的发展研究5、宝马汽车新能源发展战略6、汽车新能源之氢动力7、21世纪汽车新能源——燃料电池8、汽车新能源领域异军突起的新秀——来自EVS25珠海银通展区的报告9、宝马集团展示汽车新能源技术的现在和未来10、未来的汽车新能源11、汽车新能源的N种可能12、FPT菲亚特动力科技杯中国汽车新能源技术金牌榜揭晓13、汽车新能源开发蕴育绿色革命的到来14、CNG车型走俏 力帆汽车新能源战略将分“两步走”15、也谈汽车新能源——形形色色的清洁汽车“食谱”

你的论文准备往什么方向写，选题老师审核通过了没，有没有列个大纲让老师看一下写作方向？老师有没有和你说论文往哪个方向写比较好？写论文之前，一定要写个大纲，这样老师，好确定了框架，避免以后论文修改过程中出现大改的情况！！学校的格式要求、写作规范要注意，否则很可能发回来重新改，你要还有什么不明白或不懂可以问我，希望你能够顺利毕业，迈向新的人生。（一）选题毕业论文（设计）题目应符合本专业的培养目标和教学要求，具有综合性和创新性。本科生要根据自己的实际情况和专业特长，选择适当的论文题目，但所写论文要与本专业所学课程有关。（二）查阅资料、列出论文提纲题目选定后，要在指导教师指导下开展调研和进行实验，搜集、查阅有关资料，进行加工、提炼，然后列出详细的写作提纲。（三）完成初稿根据所列提纲，按指导教师的意见认真完成初稿。（四）定稿初稿须经指导教师审阅，并按其意见和要求进行修改，然后定稿。一般毕业论文题目的选择最好不要太泛，越具体越好，而且老师希望学生能结合自己学过的知识对问题进行分析和解决。不知道你是否确定了选题，确定选题了接下来你需要根据选题去查阅前辈们的相关论文，看看人家是怎么规划论文整体框架的；其次就是需要自己动手收集资料了，进而整理和分析资料得出自己的论文框架；最后就是按照框架去组织论文了。你如果需要什么参考资料和范文我可以提供给你。还有什么不了解的可以直接问我，希望可以帮到你，祝写作过程顺利毕业论文选题的方法:一、尽快确定毕业论文的选题方向 在毕业论文工作布置后,每个人都应遵循选题的基本原则,在较短的时间内把选题的方向确定下来。从毕业论文题目的性质来看,基本上可以分为两大类:一类是社会主义现代化建设实践中提出的理论和实际问题;另一类是专业学科本身发展中存在的基本范畴和基本理论问题。大学生应根据自己的志趣和爱好,尽快从上述两大类中确定一个方向。二、在初步调查研究的基础上选定毕业论文的具体题目在选题的方向确定以后,还要经过一定的调查和研究,来进一步确定选题的范围,以至最后选定具体题目。下面介绍两种常见的选题方法。 浏览捕捉法 :这种方法就是通过对占有的文献资料快速地、大量地阅读,在比较中来确定论文题目地方法。浏览,一般是在资料占有达到一定数量时集中一段时间进行,这样便于对资料作集中的比较和鉴别。浏览的目的是在咀嚼消化已有资料的过程中,提出问题,寻找自己的研究课题。这就需要对收集到的材料作一全面的阅读研究,主要的、次要的、不同角度的、不同观点的都应了解,不能看了一些资料,有了一点看法,就到此为止,急于动笔。也不能“先入为主”,以自己头脑中原有的观点或看了第一篇资料后得到的看法去决定取舍。而应冷静地、客观地对所有资料作认真的分析思考。在浩如烟海,内容丰富的资料中吸取营养,反复思考琢磨许多时候之后,必然会有所发现,这是搞科学研究的人时常会碰到的情形。 浏览捕捉法一般可按以下步骤进行: 第一步,广泛地浏览资料。在浏览中要注意勤作笔录,随时记下资料的纲目,记下资料中对自己影响最深刻的观点、论据、论证方法等,记下脑海中涌现的点滴体会。当然,手抄笔录并不等于有言必录,有文必录,而是要做细心的选择,有目的、有重点地摘录,当详则详,当略则略,一些相同的或类似的观点和材料则不必重复摘录,只需记下资料来源及页码就行,以避免浪费时间和精力。 第二步,是将阅读所得到的方方面面的内容,进行分类、排列、组合,从中寻找问题、发现问题,材料可按纲目分类,如分成: 系统介绍有关问题研究发展概况的资料; 对某一个问题研究情况的资料; 对同一问题几种不同观点的资料; 对某一问题研究最新的资料和成果等等。 第三步,将自己在研究中的体会与资料分别加以比较,找出哪些体会在资料中没有或部分没有;哪些体会虽然资料已有,但自己对此有不同看法;哪些体会和资料是基本一致的;哪些体会是在资料基础上的深化和发挥等等。经过几番深思熟虑的思考过程,就容易萌生自己的想法。把这种想法及时捕捉住,再作进一步的思考,选题的目标也就会渐渐明确起来。

物流领域的论文题目

关于物流的论文选题有很多，学术堂在此整理了二十个好写的题目，供大家进行参考：1、指明集团企业采购管理现状及对策研究2、舟山台客隆超市配送中心选址研究3、诸暨市鹏程电器企业物流网络优化研4、Eleven的供应链管理的现状与对策分析5、安吉汽车物流有限公司整车和零部件物流整合研究6、第三方物流企业的市场环境及竞争对策分析-以某某德邦物流为例7、第三方物流企业发展现状与对策分析-以某某驷洋国际物流有限公司为例8、第四方物流发展策略研究—以传化公路港为例9、电子商务企业的物流模式分析——以京东商城为例10、电子商务条件下的逆向物流运作研究——以某某太平鸟物流为例11、东阳兴国红木家具有限公司采购管理现状与改进分析12、某某华商物流有限公司库存管理分析与改进13、某某丽轩服饰采购管理模式研究14、交运集团物流分公司库存现状分析及改进15、快递企业从事电子商务实证研究16、某某北仑加贝超市配送方案优化研究17、某某德丰电机有限公司的物流外包决策分析及风险防范18、某某地区加快发展现代物流策略研究19、某某市物流发展现状及对策研究20、企业物流外包的决策分析——以金路达袜业为例

物流管理本科论文可以选择以下几种：

1、现代造船模式下的造船企业生产物流管理研究。

2、物联网环境下多维度协同物流管理研究。

3、中国海产品物流管理体系构建研究。

4、物流管理系统相关问题研究与应用。

5、大连天骊物流管理系统的设计与实现。

6、A公司物流管理信息系统优化研究。

7、M电梯销售公司物流管理优化研究。

8、供应链管理下大唐集团集约化电煤物流管理模式研究。

9、一汽-大众汽车有限公司供应链物流管理精益化研究。

10、基于WEB技术的某公司物流管理系统的设计与实现。

本科物流管理专业培养目标：

该专业学生主要学习经济、会计、贸易、管理、法律、信息资源管理、计算机等方面的基本理论和专门知识，培养具有一定的物流规划与设计、物流管理、物流业运作等能力，能在经济管理部门、贸易公司、物流企业从事政策制定，物流业运作管理应用型、复合型、国际化的物流管理人才。

选择自己熟悉的研究方向最好，比如第三方物流运输中出现的问题及对策。

物流管理主要研究管理学、经济学、信息技术、现代物流管理等方面的基本知识和技能，在贸易、物流类企业单位进行物流活动的计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制和监督等。

例如：供应货品的采购入库，仓库商品储量的统计，货品的拣取和记录，快递的运输和配送，物流系统的规划设计等。

发展前景

就业方向

物流、货运类企业：仓储管理、物流管理、货运代理、供应链管理、物流系统规划、物流服务咨询。

考研方向

物流工程、管理科学与工程、工商管理、企业管理。

社会领域的论文题目

直接去知网上找，资料多的很啊，本人zuo论文写作八年多了，就是这样找资料的，还是比较方便和可靠的，试试看吧

毕业论文是旅游专业本科生完成本科阶段学业的最后一个环节，是总结性独立作业，目的在于总结学习专业的成果，培养综合运用所学旅游学理论知识解决实际问题的能力。从文体而言，它也是对旅游专业领域的现实问题或理论问题进行科学研究探索的具有—一定意义的论说文。 大家知道，旅游学科是一门经济管理类应用学科，其独特的产业地位使它的学科理论一分为二，一部分是从其他相关学科移植过来的理论，一部分是从旅游实践中总结出来的理论。同时，旅游业又是一个关联度强，影响面广，带动作用大的产业。因此，大学毕业生要想研究旅游学科理论，撰写出一份合格的毕业论文，就必须掌握一定的理论性知识和实践性知识，并在老师的指导下，较好地驾驭理论与实践相结合的研究和写作过程。本文就如何撰写毕业论文作简要论述，供参考。 完成毕业论文的写作通常包括以下三个步骤：选择课题、拟定提纲、撰写文搞。一、选择课题选题是论文撰写成败的关键。因为，它是论文撰写的第一步，它实际上就是确定“写什么”的问题，亦即确定科学研究的方向。如果“写什么”不明确，“怎么写”就无从谈起。选好课题是毕业论文成功的一半。 不过，毕业论文的选题不同于一般科研选题，还不仅仅是“写什么”的问题。从大外讲，它是事关一个人的专业方向、职业生涯和事业领域的事情。因此，一个有责任心和事业心的学生，对选题应持认真慎重的态度。 要想较好地完成选择课题步骤，应注意以下三方面：1、要坚持选择有科学价值和现实意义的课题。 毕业论文课题研究的目的是为了运用自己所学的理论知识去认识社会、改造社会，以推动社会的不断进步和发展。因此，毕业论文的选题，必须紧密结合旅游业发展的社会需要，以促进旅游业发展和解决旅游业现实存在问题作为出发点和落脚点。选题既要观点正确，方向正确，还要尽其所能追求新颖和创新，预见其应具有的理论价值和对现实的指导意义或推动作用。具体地说，考生可从“破”、“立”、“补”三个角度来选题。 （1）从现实存在的问题中选题。学生要运用所学的旅游专业理论的科学知识，去寻找和发现旅游业中存在的弊端、谬误和急待解决的问题。即所谓“破论”。 （2）要从寻找科学研究和实践操作中的空白处或边缘领域中选题。旅游学科是一个新兴的正在完善中的学科，存在许多理论和实践的空白，旅游专业学生应有独特的眼光和超前的意识去思索，去发现，去研究。即所谓“立论”。 （3）要从寻找现有理论研究的不足处和错误处选题。旅游学理论既然是正在完善中的学科，在前人已提出来的研究成果中，必然存在许多不完善的地方。并且许多理论随着社会的发展，需要不断丰富、完善和发展，这种补充性或纠正性的研究课题，也是有科学价值和现实指导意义的。所谓“补论”。 一般来说，宜实不宜空，宜具不宜泛。 2、要根据自己的能力选择切实可行的课题。 撰写毕业论文是一种创造性劳动，毕业生不但要有个人的见解和主张，同时还需要具备一定的主、客观条件。学生在选题时，还应结合自己的特长、能力、兴趣及所具备的客观条件来选题。具体地说，考生可从以下三个要素： （1）要有充足的资料来源。“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在缺少资料的情况下，是很难写出高质量的论文的。选择一个具有丰富资料来源的课题，对课题深入研究与开展很有帮助。 （2）要有浓厚的研究兴趣。学生应选择自己感兴趣的课题，可以激发自己研究的热情，调动自己的主动性和积极性，能够以专心、细心和耐心的积极心态去完成。 （3）要适合自己的特长和能力。选题的大小难易应取决于学生自己的特长和能力，量力而行。 3、要能结合自己选择的专业方向、职业前程和事业领域的选题旅游学科具有明显的专业方向。从大学科理论上可分为经济类、管理类、文化类，从小学科理论上又可分为经济学、市场营销学、行业管理、企业管理、经营学、财会学、心理学、规划学等；从行业理论又划分为酒店管理、景区管理、旅行社管理等。据以往的经验，毕业论文的选题往往是具有明显的专业方向选择倾向。特别是对有心继续深造的同学尤其如此。同样，旅游学科还面对着不同的职业。景区、酒店、旅行社、行业管理、旅游规划、旅游教育等。 从就业实际来看，用人单位往往很注意应聘者的毕业论文专业方向。因此，学生无论能力水平高低，都应有自己的业务方向，也要考虑毕业后的工作选择和事业领域。 总之，既要选择那些有科学价值和现实意义的、切实可行的课题，又要考虑自己的专业方向定位，为以后的职业生涯和事业领域打下一个基石。（未完待续）2003/03/14二、研究课题 选好课题后，接下来的工作就是研究课题，研究课题一般程序是：搜集资料、研究资料、明确论点和选定材料，最后是执笔撰写、修改定稿。 1、研究课题的基础工作——搜集资料。学生可以从查阅图书馆、资料室的资料，做实地调查研究与观察等三个方面来搜集资料。搜集资料越具体、细致越好，最好把想要搜集资料的文献目录、详细计划都列出来。首先，查阅资料时要熟悉、掌握图书分类法，要善于利用书目、索引，要熟练地使用其他工具书，如年鉴、文稿、表册、数字等。其次，做实地调查研究，调查研究能获得最真实可靠、最丰富的第一手资料，调查研究时要做到目的明确、对象明确、内容明确。特别注重有关的旅游案例资料收集。调查的方法建议采用：重点调查、典型调查、抽样调查。调查的方式建议选用：访问和问卷。 2、研究课题的重点工作———研究资料。 学生要对所搜集到手的资料进行全面浏览，并对不同资料采用不同的阅读方法，如通读、选读、研读。通读即对全文进行阅读，选读即对有用部分、有用内容进行阅读，研读即对与研究课题有关的内容进行全面、认真、细致、深入、反复的阅读，重点是对旅游各行业有关案例。在研读过程中要积极思考。要以书或论文中的论点、论据、论证方法与研究方法来触发自己的思考，要眼、手、脑并用，发挥想象力，进行新的创造。在研究资料时，还要做好资料的记录。 3、研究课题的核心工作——明确论点和选定材料。 在研究资料的基础上，考生提出自己的观点和见解，根据选题，确立基本论点和分论点。提出自己的观点要突出新创见，创新是灵魂，不能只是重复前人或人云亦云。同时，还要防止贪大求全的倾向，生怕不完整，大段地复述已有的知识。那就体现不出自己研究的特色和成果了。 根据已确立的基本论点和分论点选定材料，这些材料是自己在对所搜集的资料加以研究的基础上形成的。组织材料要注意掌握科学的思维方法，注意前后材料的逻辑关系和主次关系。 4、研究课题的结晶工作——拟定论文提纲 拟定提纲包括题目、基本论点、主要论据和内容纲要。内容纲要包括大项目即大段段旨、中项目即段旨、小项目即段中材料或小段段旨。拟定提纲有助于突出亮明全文的论点，摆明主要论据，安排好全文的逻辑结构，构建论文的基本框架。一般步骤是先写出大纲，经修改论证确定后，再写出详细提纲，同样经过论证修改，最后确定下来。 三、撰写文稿 1、初稿撰写 一般毕业论文的基本格式为：标题、中英文摘要、正文、参考文献等4方面内容构成。标题要求直接、具体、醒目、简明扼要。中英文摘要即摘出论文中的要点放在论文的正文之前，以方便读者阅读，所以要简洁、概括。正文是毕业论文的核心内容，包括绪论、本论、结论三大部分。绪论部分可标明，也可不标明，主要说明研究这一课题的理由、意义，要写得简洁。要明确、具体地提出所论述课题，有时要写些历史回顾和现关分析，本人将有哪些补充、纠正或发展，还要简单介绍论证方法。本论部分是论文的主体，即表达作者的研究成果，主要阐述自己的观点及其论据。这部分要以充分有力的数据材料和案例材料及理论依据材料阐述观点，要准确把握文章内容的层次、大小段落间的内在联系。篇幅较长的论文常用推论式(即由此论点到彼论点逐层展开、步步深入的写法)和分论式(即把从属于基本论点的几个分论点并列起来，一个个分别加以论述)两者结合的方法。要着重把握好“论点”、“分论点”、“论据”、论述等环节的逻辑结构。结论部分是论文的归结收束部分，要写论证的结果。做到首尾一贯，同时要写对课题研究的展望，提及进一步探讨的问题或可能解决的途径等。参考文献即撰写论文过程中研读的一些文章或资料，要选择主要的列在文后。 2、研究课题的保障工作——修改定稿。通过这—环节，可以看出写作意图是否表达清楚，基本论点和分论点是否准确、明确，材料用得是否恰当、有说服力，材料的安排与论证是否有逻辑效果，大小段落的结构是否完整、衔接自然，句子词语是否正确妥当，文章是否合乎规范