传统文化的论文摘要范文怎么写高中英语

传统文化的论文摘要范文怎么写高中英语

1 是孔子吧2 来中国呗

Hong KongHong Kong has the big city specials like smog， odour， 14 million elbows and an insane love of But it's also efficient， hushed and peaceful: the transport network is excellent， the shopping centres are sublime， and the temples and quiet corners of parks are contemplative Hong Kong has enough towering urbanity， electric streetscapes， enigmatic temples， commercial fervour and cultural idiosyncrasies to utterly swamp the senses of a visitor， and enough spontaneous， unexpected possibilities to make a complete mockery of any attempt at a strictly organised

这些东西都可以再网上查到！关于长城的传说 In the north of China， there lies a 6，700-kilometer-long (4，161-mile-long) ancient Now well-known as the Great Wall of China， it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the As one of the Eight Wonders in the world， the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction， and since that time these stories have spread around the Those that happened during construction are abundant， such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan P Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great W The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC) It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall Meng Jiangnu's husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great W Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure， so she set out to look for Unfortunately， by the time she reached the great wall， she discovered that her husband had already Hearing the bad news， she cried her heart Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great W This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in He calculated that it would need 99，999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan P The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick， then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three After the completion of the project， one brick was left behind the Xiwong city The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the A tiny move would cause the collapse of the Therefore the brick was kept there and never It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan P In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall， there are also plenty of stories about current scenic A famous one is the legend of the Beacon T This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC) King You had a queen named Bao Si， who was very King You liked her very much， however Bao Si never An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King's subjects， and might make the queen King You liked the The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the Later enemies invaded Western Zhou， King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once Thus， King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall， many more stories were created and 历史 No one can tell precisely when the building of the Great Wall was started but it is popularly believed that it originated as a military fortification against intrusion by tribes on the borders during the earlier Zhou D Late in the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC)， the ducal states extended the defence work and built "great" structures to prevent the attacks from other It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls， constructed by the states of Qin， Yan and Zhao kingdoms， were connected to form a defensive system on the northern border of the country by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (also called Qin Shi Huangdi by westerners or the First Emperor) After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC， he ordered the construction of the It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Linzhao (in the eastern part of today's Gansu Province) in the west to Liaodong (in today's Jilin Province) in the The wall not only served as a defence in the north but also symbolized the power of the From the Qin Dynasty onwards， Xiongnu， an ancient tribe that lived in North China， frequently harassed the northern border of the During the Han Dynasty， Emperor Wu (Han Wu Di)， sent three expeditions to fight against the Xiongnu in 127 BC， 121 BC and 119 BC The Xiongnu were driven into the far north of the G To maintain the safety of the Hexi Corridor (today's Gansu Province)， the emperor ordered the extension of the Great Wall westward into the Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang The ruins of the beacon towers and debris of the Han Wall are still discernible in Dunhuang， Yumen and Y A recent report shows that ruins of the Han Wall have been discovered near Lopnur in China's Xinjiang Further construction and extensions were made in the successive Northern Wei， Northern Qi and Sui The present Great Wall in Beijing is mainly remains from the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) During this period， bricks and granite were used when the workers laid the foundation of the wall and sophisticated designs and passes were built in the places of strategic To strengthen the military control of the northern frontiers， the Ming authorities divided the Great Wall into nine zones and placed each under the control of a Zhen (garrison headquarters) The Ming Wall starts from Yalujiang River (in today's Heilongjiang Province)， via today's Liaoning， Hebei， Inner Mongolia， Shanxi， Shaanxi， Ningxia provinces， to G The total length reaches 12，700 li (over 5，000 kilometers) The Shanhaiguan Pass and the Jiayuguan Pass are two well-preserved passes at either Today， the Wall has become a must-see for every visitor to C Few can help saying 'Wow!' when they stand on top of a beacon tower and look at this giant For centuries， the wall served succeeding dynasties as an efficient military However， it was only when a dynasty had weakened from within that invaders from the north were able to advance and Both the Mongols (Yuan Dynasty， 1271-1368) and the Manchurians (Qing Dynasty， 1644-1911) were able take power because of weakness of the government and poverty of the people but never due to any possibility of weakness of the W或者The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and it have a history over 000 The Great Wall， that is called “the ten-thousand-li Great Wall”， is actually more than 6000 kilometers long， 6-7 meters high and 4-5 meters Every a few hundred meters along the Great Wall there are We Chinese are proud of in the Great wall because it is one of the wonders in the world and it stands for C Today the Great Wall becomes a famous place of interest in the Every year， hundreds of thousands of people， not only from China from also all over the world， come to visit

lz你好，lz请吃糖，lz再见~

传统文化的论文摘要范文高中英语

Hong KongHong Kong has the big city specials like smog， odour， 14 million elbows and an insane love of But it's also efficient， hushed and peaceful: the transport network is excellent， the shopping centres are sublime， and the temples and quiet corners of parks are contemplative Hong Kong has enough towering urbanity， electric streetscapes， enigmatic temples， commercial fervour and cultural idiosyncrasies to utterly swamp the senses of a visitor， and enough spontaneous， unexpected possibilities to make a complete mockery of any attempt at a strictly organised

1 是孔子吧2 来中国呗

这些东西都可以再网上查到！关于长城的传说 In the north of China， there lies a 6，700-kilometer-long (4，161-mile-long) ancient Now well-known as the Great Wall of China， it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the As one of the Eight Wonders in the world， the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction， and since that time these stories have spread around the Those that happened during construction are abundant， such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan P Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great W The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC) It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall Meng Jiangnu's husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great W Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure， so she set out to look for Unfortunately， by the time she reached the great wall， she discovered that her husband had already Hearing the bad news， she cried her heart Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great W This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in He calculated that it would need 99，999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan P The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick， then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three After the completion of the project， one brick was left behind the Xiwong city The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the A tiny move would cause the collapse of the Therefore the brick was kept there and never It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan P In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall， there are also plenty of stories about current scenic A famous one is the legend of the Beacon T This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC) King You had a queen named Bao Si， who was very King You liked her very much， however Bao Si never An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King's subjects， and might make the queen King You liked the The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the Later enemies invaded Western Zhou， King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once Thus， King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall， many more stories were created and 历史 No one can tell precisely when the building of the Great Wall was started but it is popularly believed that it originated as a military fortification against intrusion by tribes on the borders during the earlier Zhou D Late in the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC)， the ducal states extended the defence work and built "great" structures to prevent the attacks from other It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls， constructed by the states of Qin， Yan and Zhao kingdoms， were connected to form a defensive system on the northern border of the country by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (also called Qin Shi Huangdi by westerners or the First Emperor) After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC， he ordered the construction of the It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Linzhao (in the eastern part of today's Gansu Province) in the west to Liaodong (in today's Jilin Province) in the The wall not only served as a defence in the north but also symbolized the power of the From the Qin Dynasty onwards， Xiongnu， an ancient tribe that lived in North China， frequently harassed the northern border of the During the Han Dynasty， Emperor Wu (Han Wu Di)， sent three expeditions to fight against the Xiongnu in 127 BC， 121 BC and 119 BC The Xiongnu were driven into the far north of the G To maintain the safety of the Hexi Corridor (today's Gansu Province)， the emperor ordered the extension of the Great Wall westward into the Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang The ruins of the beacon towers and debris of the Han Wall are still discernible in Dunhuang， Yumen and Y A recent report shows that ruins of the Han Wall have been discovered near Lopnur in China's Xinjiang Further construction and extensions were made in the successive Northern Wei， Northern Qi and Sui The present Great Wall in Beijing is mainly remains from the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) During this period， bricks and granite were used when the workers laid the foundation of the wall and sophisticated designs and passes were built in the places of strategic To strengthen the military control of the northern frontiers， the Ming authorities divided the Great Wall into nine zones and placed each under the control of a Zhen (garrison headquarters) The Ming Wall starts from Yalujiang River (in today's Heilongjiang Province)， via today's Liaoning， Hebei， Inner Mongolia， Shanxi， Shaanxi， Ningxia provinces， to G The total length reaches 12，700 li (over 5，000 kilometers) The Shanhaiguan Pass and the Jiayuguan Pass are two well-preserved passes at either Today， the Wall has become a must-see for every visitor to C Few can help saying 'Wow!' when they stand on top of a beacon tower and look at this giant For centuries， the wall served succeeding dynasties as an efficient military However， it was only when a dynasty had weakened from within that invaders from the north were able to advance and Both the Mongols (Yuan Dynasty， 1271-1368) and the Manchurians (Qing Dynasty， 1644-1911) were able take power because of weakness of the government and poverty of the people but never due to any possibility of weakness of the W或者The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and it have a history over 000 The Great Wall， that is called “the ten-thousand-li Great Wall”， is actually more than 6000 kilometers long， 6-7 meters high and 4-5 meters Every a few hundred meters along the Great Wall there are We Chinese are proud of in the Great wall because it is one of the wonders in the world and it stands for C Today the Great Wall becomes a famous place of interest in the Every year， hundreds of thousands of people， not only from China from also all over the world， come to visit

The information revolution， the development of mass media and the achievements in science and technology have doubtlessly ushered us in a rapidly progressing society， where we may have no time to talk about our traditional In the city， no one can escape from the fast We eat the popularized fast food and enjoy the popularized "fast food" Since we get so used to such fast things that many traditional things have been neglected， some people believe that the traditional culture will gradually be lost， but I think it will never be Although entertainments are in abundance nowadays， traditional cultures still continue to We still regard going to a concert as a Many classic books touch a string from generation to generation in spite of time and And we are still moved by the inspirational spirits of our great Traditional festivals remind us of our disposition to the traditional Our relief in traditional culture gets ready to revive at any To some traditional cultures that are on decline， we have taken active measures to conserve Experts have come up with proper advice on protecting such Many volunteers have dedicated themselves to studying First and foremost，more and more people have discerned the importance of the traditional Therefore， we are sure that our efforts will lead to a brilliant If a culture wants to gain an eternal life， it should change itself to cater to the people in its So does our traditional Traditional cultures adhering to modern means appear For example， we make CDs for classic music so that it can not only meet modern needs but also spread further and more successfully in the modern The appearance of traditional culture changes， but the essence will never change and will be well There is no need to worry about whether our traditional culture will be It is an important heritage of the whole human No culture， no We cherish the traditional culture as we cherish our blood in our The traditional culture lies in life， forever 信息革命，大众传播媒介的发展和科学技术的成就，无疑迎来了一个迅速恶化的社会里，我们可能没有时间来谈论我们的传统文化我们。在城市里，没有人能逃脱从快速We吃快餐的普及推广，享受“快餐”文化。由于我们习惯于这样快，很多传统的东西被忽视的事情，有些人认为，传统文化将逐渐流失，但我觉得它永远不会被Although娱乐丰富的今天，传统文化依然继续We仍然认为要作为一个豪华演唱会。许多经典书籍触摸一代又一代的字符串尽管在时间和And但我们仍会受到我们伟大Traditional精神感动鼓舞人心的节日提醒我们处理我们的传统文化。我们在传统文化得到救济随时准备恢复一些传统文化的衰落是，我们已采取积极措施，以保护他们t�6�7�6�To。专家们想出了这种文化的保护适当的意见。许多志愿者都已经投入到学习他们。首先，越来越多的人已经看出了传统文化的重要性。因此，我们相信我们的努力将导致一个辉煌If一种文化要想获得永恒的生命，就应该改变自己，以应付在其年龄的人。我们的传统文化也是如此。秉承传统文化现代化的手段出现严格。例如，我们为古典音乐CD，以便它不仅能满足当代的需求�6�7�6�7，而且在现代世界的传播进一步，更加成功。对传统文化的改变外观，但本质永远不会改变，并能得到充分There无需担心是否我们的传统文化都将丢失。这是对整个人类的重要遗产。没有文化，没有人类。我们珍惜我们的传统文化，珍惜我们在我们的身体的血液。传统文化就是在生活中，

中华传统文化论文摘要怎么写高中英语

In today's society， the traditional culture is slowly losing， many people feel that the traditional culture is no longer suitable for Take The Confucian culture as an Some people think that Confucianism imprisons our thoughts to some extent， while others think that the fact that Confucian culture has been handed down for thousands of years shows that it is worth For us， we should view the traditional culture objectively， take its essence and discard its

不要用从句，容易错，你这样写Sooverwhelminglyflatterediamhearingfromyou也显得高大上，而且保证是对的，你再套个从句就显得有点故意显摆了，用非谓语显得自然。

传统文化的论文摘要范文高中英语作文

1 是孔子吧2 来中国呗

关于传统文化的英语作文可以这样写，用英语作文描述中国的传统文化，比如春节，元宵节，端午节，八月十五的中秋节等等可以写一些风俗，这样会比较的有趣。

Hong KongHong Kong has the big city specials like smog， odour， 14 million elbows and an insane love of But it's also efficient， hushed and peaceful: the transport network is excellent， the shopping centres are sublime， and the temples and quiet corners of parks are contemplative Hong Kong has enough towering urbanity， electric streetscapes， enigmatic temples， commercial fervour and cultural idiosyncrasies to utterly swamp the senses of a visitor， and enough spontaneous， unexpected possibilities to make a complete mockery of any attempt at a strictly organised

，世代相传。“博大”是说中国传统文化的广度---丰富多彩，“精深”是说中国传统文化的深度---高深莫测。有五千年的历史。 3，历史悠久，民族特色。中国的传统文化是中国特有的，与世界上其他民族文化不同，总的来说变化不大。 2。中国的传统文化在某些短暂的历史时期内有所中断，在不同的历史时期或多或少的有所改变，但是大体上没有中断过。 4，博大精深s one culture without Generally speaking， it has not changed National CMore or less，it has changed in different historical China'Extensive and P“Extensive” refers to Chinese traditional cultur's traditional culture )From Generation to G China'试译如下；“Profound”means Chinese traditional cultur's depth—unfathomable，but on the whole it'参考资料2;s breadth—rich and colorful;s traditional culture is unique to China，which is different from other nations'A Long HIt has 5000 years of 4，仅供参考：Chinese traditional culture（or China's traditional culture has been interrupted in some short historical periodsand continue from generation to "And"， said the Chinese traditional culture is the breadth - rich and 2 and national Chinese traditional culture is unique to China， and other ethnic cultures in the 3， has a long Five thousand years of 4 and China's traditional culture in some brief period in history has interrupt， in different historical periods of more or less change， but generally without interruption， overall， "intensive& Passing on from generation to Chinese traditional culture may be interruppted in certain transient period，more or less changed during different historical periods， but on the whole， China maintained its cultural tradition without letup or obvious National Chinese traditional culture is unique， different from other cultures in the A long With five thousand years of Extensive and Extensive is the breadth of Chinese culture---rich and varied， profound is the depth of Chinese culture---unfathomable统文化的广度

传统文化的论文摘要范文怎么写高中

那你直接去找下（社会科学前沿）上的文献吧

给你个提纲你自己挑着写　　一、传统文化的内涵　　中国传统文化是指中国历史上以个体农业经济为基础、以宗法家庭为背景、以儒家伦理道德为核心的社会文化体系。它有着悠久历史。是中华民族在历史长河中集体劳动和智慧的结晶。它从时间上讲，中国传统文化大致是指19世纪40年代鸦片战争前的中国文化。因为鸦片战争后由于西方文化的剧烈冲击。中国文化开始大幅度的震荡，调整。这种变化一直持续至今。从地域范围看，中国传统文化不仅包括传统的中国地理概念，还包括深受中国文化影响的越南、朝鲜等国家和地区，没有一个清晰的地域界限。她是我们的祖先传承下来的丰厚遗产，曾长期处于世界领先的地位。一方面具有强烈的历史性、遗传性；另一方面又具有鲜活的现实性、变异性。无时无刻不在影响着今天的中国人．为我们开创新文化提供历史的根据和现实的基础。今天中国人的思维与行为仍在不自觉中深受其影响。纵观历史，传统文化主要包括儒学、美德、礼仪、民族精神、榜样、诚信、和谐观、负面道德经验等方面。　　二、多视角看传统文化教育的德育价值和体现　　传统文化教育的德育价值，众说纷纭，许多专家和学者从不同的角度对此各抒己见。有些学者们论证了儒学教育思想的现实意义。认为儒学对构建和谐社会的目标、思想政治课程改革、提高思想政治教育的实效性等具有极为有益的作用。还认为新儒学伦理道德思想有助于建立中国特色社会主义道德教育，对当代大学生思想道德教育也有启示。改革开放以来和加入WTO以后，中国的人文精神及传统文化思想受到挑战。对学生进行儒学教育，坚定信仰教育有利重建精神家园，凸显人文精神，要求我们加强儒学伦理教育，倡导道德体验教育。　　〔1〕有学者从美育及传统美德的角度看其德育的促进作用。也认为当代德育的社会文化环境受以现代传媒为特征的大众文化影响，人的审美受到侵蚀、精神世界也被无情的挤压着。青少年的奋斗精神、进取精神、创造精神受到巨大影响，自我意识强全局意识差、竞争意识强合作意识差、好胜心强抗挫折能力差等不健全人格结构。而美育与德育的终极价值取向是一致的，都是为了人的全面发展和最终实现人的自由；审美教育与价值观的培养及形成有密切的关系，这也是我国把美育作为学校素质教育的重要组成部分的原因；当前可以通过艺术教育、经典导读、看经典戏剧电影、文学导读、注重课程教材改革、重视校园文化建设等措施来实施美育。　　〔2〕对于美德作为知识可教性，有学者论证了其可教的限度和方式。苏格拉底说：“美德即知识”。但美德作为知识被教师有限度的。原因是它主要通过理性去获得、美德本身的内涵在当代社会中的失落、合格的美德教育教师的失落。所以传授也有其特殊的方式，需要在实践中不断摸索。　　〔3〕香港中文大学刘国强教授阐述了中华美德教育的理论意义和现实意义，指出儒家伦理教育之特点，尤其分析了仁的不同层面的含义和与诸德的关系，认为它们都是相互关联和融通的一个体系。他的关于中华美德的当代意义提醒了我们不要一味的追求现代的、西方的、流行的价值观，而忽略中华传统美德所蕴涵的价值。　　〔4〕 至于道德榜样、榜样教育问题，部分学者论述了榜样的道德价值，道德榜样的类型、可能和功能。一般的榜样并不特指道德榜样，它们是一般与个别的关系。只有具有正面价值的榜样都有道德的崇高性或崇高的道德价值。从道德主体的角度看，可分为个体道德榜样与群体道德榜样：从社会生活的实际来看，不可能人人都成为道德榜样，主要是：掌握和控制社会道德资源者、对社会负有重大责任和具有重要影响者以及成年人。道德榜样有几种产生的可能，即先验论、发现论、需要论、实践论。不管怎样，道德榜样产生的条件至少应该是理性主义和普遍主义的诉求。道德榜样的功能如下：传统优秀道德的典型承载者，现实主导价值的积极弘扬者，未来理想道德的开拓创新者。这三种内在功能决定了道德榜样具有示范和激励的外在功能。　　〔5〕现实教育中要积极发挥道德榜样的外在功能，使其转化为内在功能，以不断扩大的道德榜样的力量和影响力。但如何处理好榜样教育与偶像崇拜呢？有学者指出要合理运用它们之间的耦合，来建设新时期的文化和进行学校道德。需正确认识偶像崇拜语境下的榜样教育。随着现代传媒技术的发展和现代传播媒介产品的普及，新的文化形态和现象的出现冲击并改变着传统的文化模式和文化观念。时下榜样曲高和寡，偶像却层出不穷。这就要求找出新时代文化背景下榜样与偶像的差异与共生，建构它们间的耦合机制。需要我们贯通理性思维与情感体验；协调价值目标与现实生活。　　〔6〕民族精神有其深刻的历史渊源和重要价值，当前有学者对学校如何进行民族精神教育作了研究和思考。指出民族精神教育应具有生活性、综合性、发展性，体现民族性和全球性的统一，且要设置专门的民族精神教育课程。拟定民族精神教育目标，不同的学习阶段，目标层层深入。至于其教育方法，不能脱离学生实际，而要从学生生活出发，尊重学生的主体性，在活动中开展教育，这样民族精神才可能真正被内化。　　〔7〕在崇尚个人自由的现代社会里和以消费者需求为导向的教育市场化改革的影响下，当代学校民族精神教育面临着危机和价值困境，即如何处理好国家认同和个人自由的关系。学者认为，当代学校民族精神教育本身而言，强调个人自由与国家认同各有优缺点，因为他们反映人的精神需求中既渴求自由又希望有所归依的二重性，因此有学者要建立一种必要与可能的民族精神教育价值取向：基于个人自由的国家认同。根据哈贝马斯的商谈伦理学，通过达致共识的对话教学来实施民族精神教育，用讨论、辩论、说服教育的教学方法，使学生主动获得些道德规范和自己的价值观。　　〔8〕有学者指出负面道德经验也有其德育价值，负面道德经验是指在道德生活世界中表现出来的具有假、恶、丑性质的道德事件或行为。但它在学校教育中却没有得到应有的重视，有人认为负面道德经验会对学生的道德成长产生消极的影响，因而在实践中采取回避或拒斥的态度。他们认为负面道德经验一旦被课程化，就会对学生的道德成长具有积极的影响；有利于发展学生处理负面道德经验的意识和能力，适应真实的道德生活世界；有利于培养学生的道德自主力、更好的理解正面道德经验和进行道德反省。我们知道任何事物都有其两面性，是矛盾的统一体，道德经验也不例外，学生不应该只知其一面，而不知另一面。那么负面道德经验在当前德育中缺位的原因是什么呢？根本原因在于人们认识上的偏差。有些人认为呈现负面道德经验与学校教育的性质不相符合；有些人认为学生的德性很大程度上是环境熏陶的结果，因而在学校教育中呈现负面的道德经验不利于学生的德性成长；有些人认为由于学生的身心发展还不成熟、缺乏道德免疫力，因而不宜向学生传递负面的道德经验。但它们不应成为学校摈弃负面道德经验的理由。学校德育不只是教师和学生过道德生活的地方，更是学生学习如何在社会上过道德生活的地方。社会上永远存在着真、善、美与假、恶、丑。学生不可能完全封闭在学校内，他们无时无刻不在与社会打交道。既然和社会交往，学生就不可避免的遇到负面道德经验。如果学校不让学生掌握面对负面道德经验的智慧，那么他们在遇到负面道德经验时就会茫然不知所措。所以学校应该将负面道德经验课程化以促进学生的道德成长。　　〔9〕中国自古就被称为“礼仪之邦”。显然先秦时期的礼就是道德规范的载体，也是传承主流社会伦理思想的符号，具有重要的道德功能，有学者说其功能主要表现在道德内化、示范和传承等方面。礼的践履使人们逐渐养成遵守道德规范的行为习惯，形成道德观念，培育道德情感，使外在的道德规范转化为内在的道德自觉。礼仪则以理想的模式向社会成员展示主流社会的价值取向和供他们效仿的行为准则。礼仪还通过礼仪活动标准化的语言和动作，使社会道德规范成为可以习得的东西。先秦时期的礼具有传统礼仪的共性，另外，它的德育功能有其特殊性，第一，先秦礼教与乐较大配套进行，相辅相成；第二，先秦礼的道德教化与国家机器的推动密不可分。礼的法制化在一定程度上强化了礼的道德教化的作用，还有中国古代政教合一的机制是礼的道德教化的重要途径。　　〔10〕也有学者分析了人生礼仪的德育内涵，它是一种特殊的民俗事象，指围绕着人的生命历程的关键时刻或时段而形成的仪式活动，具有丰富的德育功能。因为人生礼仪是传统文化的重要组成部分，一方面连接着寻常百姓的人生追求和需要，另一面连接着受儒家文化支配的传统价值观念，千百年来始终发挥着规范人生和统一教化的作用。当然人生礼仪德育功能的实现，要注意在开展礼仪活动时讲究实效性；要在庄重神圣的场合下，以富有象征和表现力的方式使受礼者完成道德教化过程。这对于今天的德育有借鉴意义。　　〔11〕和谐是事物之间相互联系的机制和状态，它是发展着的联系。中国传统文化中蕴含有和谐的思想，如：“天人合一”、“整体和谐”、“和而不同”的思想都包含有和谐的意义。传统文化注重“修身”的价值追求，有助于提升公民的思想道德素质；传统文化崇尚“和为贵”的思想，有助于营造和谐的人际关系；传统文化追求“天人合一”的精神，有助于人与自然的和谐相处；传统文化“以民为本”的观念，有利于巩固社会和谐的基础。从一定意义上讲，构建社会主义和谐社会宏伟目标的提出，正是中国传统大同社会理想在现代的延续和升华。中国文化传统中追求和谐的思想由来已久，讲求和谐是往圣先贤们孜孜以求的社会理想，是中国传统文化的重要内容，也是我们今天构建社会主义和谐社会的思想文化基础。正是在这个意义上，我们应当把构建和谐社会植根于中国优秀传统文化的土壤中，从传统文化中汲取构建社会主义和谐社会的智慧和精神动力。例如：传统文化注重“修身”的价值追求，有利于提升公民的思想道德素质中国传统文化注重“修身”，强调个人道德人格的培养，对于提升全体公民的思想道德素质，具有极其宝贵的启示；传统文化崇尚“和为贵”的思想，有利于营造和谐的人际关系儒家提出“礼之用，和为贵”的思想，就是主张人与人、人与社会要宽容和谐。儒家“和为贵”的思想体现了中国传统文化对生命价值的尊重和对和谐理想的追求。　　〔12〕在构建和谐社会的今天，为“和”的思想赋予崭新的时代内容，进一步倡导以和为贵的新型人际关系准则，无疑有利于化解社会矛盾，减少人际摩擦和社会内耗，在全社会形成“贵和尚和”的价值取向，增强人际关系的亲和力和凝聚力；传统文化追求“天人合一”的精神。有利于人与自然的和谐相处构建人与自然和谐相处的和谐社会，是与中国传统文化追求“天人合一”的精神一脉相承的。中国古代的思想家们把天地万物视为一个有机联系的整体，只有处于和谐关系中，才能得到发展并生生不息。儒家认为包括人类在内的自然界基本上是和谐的，传统文化中“天人合一”的思想虽然是农业文明的产物，但它反映了人与自然之间的亲和感和相互依存关系，对于我们反思现代工业文明对自然的征服态度，实现人与自然的和谐相处和经济社会的可持续发展，具有重要的启示。当前，我国正处在工业化加速发展的时期，正以历史上最脆弱的生态环境，承载着最庞大的人口，也正在以最快的速度消耗着可再生和不可再生的资源，面临着最突出的人与自然的矛盾。因而，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，统筹人与自然的和谐发展，走可持续发展的现代化道路，是建设社会主义和谐社会的必然要求；还有，传统文化中的“民本”思想，有利于巩固社会和谐，“民本”思想是中国优秀传统文化宝库中重要的精神资源，在中国传统思想文化中具有非常重要的地位。先秦文献中提到“民”的地方很多。我们只有把构建和谐社会植根于优秀传统文化的土壤中，善于汲取“民本”思想的精华并赋予其崭新的时代内容，才能夯实构建社会主义和谐社会的基础。一个以民为本的社会，才是一个和谐的社会。

中国作为世界四大文明古国之一，令亿万中华儿女值得骄傲和自豪的是，中华文明历经数千载，经历多次朝代更迭和外族入侵，却是世界上唯一一个没有中断的文明。中国的传统文化也饱经沧桑，虽在某些短暂的历史时期内有所中断，在不同的历史时期或多或少地有所改变，但是大体上没有中断过，总的来说变化不大。下面是传承中国传统文化论文3篇，供大家借鉴参考。传承中国传统文化论文第一篇：新媒体环境下汉中传统文化遗产的现代转化探析　　摘要：在新媒体时代的背景下，探索新媒体技术支持下中国传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展成为当下研究热点。本文以汉中地区为切入点，借助新媒体技术，探讨汉中历史文化遗产的现代转化与传承的问题。分析汉中地区的经典成语故事、古代文学作品、传统戏剧、以及传统手工艺的数字化创新与传播，探索实现中国传统文化的现代转化与传承，提升文化软实力，增强公众的民族情怀与人文素养的有效路径。　　关键词：新媒体; 中国传统文化; 汉中历史文化遗产; 现代化转化与传承;　　1 研究背景　　传统文化的现代转化，其意义就在于对传统文化进行新时期背景下的创造性转化和创新性发展。“人类文明发展的历史证明：人们只有在已有的传统的基础上对其进行创造性的转化和创新性的发展，传统和传统文化才能承承相因、继往开来、与时俱进、发扬光大。”[1]“历史是人民创造的，传统文化是人民辛勤工作和智慧的结晶。我们必须从历史的延续和文化发展的继承出发，在继承和借鉴的基础进行创新。”[2]因此，对传统文化进行现代化转化，既是一种责任，也是一种担当，同时也是历史和时代赋予我们的一种使命。　　新媒体是一种新生的媒体形式，它是继传统的报刊、广播、户外、电视后出现的“第五媒体”。其功能强大，主要借助于当今发达且成熟的数字技术和网络技术、移动网络、区域无线网等技术渠道以及互联网、电脑、智能手机、平板电脑电视的终端，实现海量信息资讯和娱乐体系的在线共享。新媒体技术使得信息的发布者、传播者和接收者实现了平等和对等，人们既可以发布和传播信息，也可以接收和享用信息，并与周围的人和事物以及世界实现互动。“新媒体的特征具有交互性与即时性，海量性与共享性，多媒体与超文本，个性化与社群化。”[3]新时期，保护和传承好中国传统文化，尤其是历史文化遗产，成为了一项重要的历史性任务。将新媒体技术与中国传统文化的现代转化结合起来，使得两者相辅相成，对传统文化的传承与保护有着重要意义。　　2 汉中地区历史文化遗产简介　　“截止到2011年6月，汉中已经拥有国家级名录6项，省级名录39项，市级名录59项。这些非物质文化遗产分布广泛，种类多样，既有体现历史文化的故事传说及民间戏曲，又有贴近百姓生活的各种民俗活动。”[4]其中比较知名的有蔡伦造纸传说、洋县佛教音乐、镇巴民歌、汉调桄桄、洋县架花焰火技艺、洋县悬台社火等，两汉三国时期遗存下来的历史文化资源和民俗丰富了汉中的地方传统文化，在新媒体环境下急需借助新媒体传播平台进行现代转换与传承。　　3 汉中地方传统文化新媒体形式的现代转化与传承　　(1）汉中经典成语故事及传说新媒体形式的转化与传承。成语故事，是中国传统文化中的璀璨一页。每一个成语的背后，都包含着一段令人回味的历史烟云，其中蕴含着很丰富的人文哲理与生活经验。汉中历史悠久，两汉三国历史文化比较丰富，在几千年的历史发展中，流传下了许多耳熟能详、脍炙人口的成语故事及历史传说，比如，明修栈道、暗渡陈仓、萧何月下追韩信、一人得道鸡犬升天、张骞故事传说、廉泉让水、褒姒传说等。对经典成语故事及传说进行整理和编排，标注拼音，制作成为电子书样式，并配上真人语音以及名家讲读的音频；还可制作成幻灯片PPT的形式，配上相应的图片，如果条件允许则可使用GIF动态图片，这样更具吸引力。此外，将文化典故以动画的方式进行呈现，或制作音频节目，将文本转化为音视频以满足受众群体的多样化需求，借助手机APP在线功能推广和宣传，实现文化的活态传承。　　(2）汉中地区传统手工技艺新媒体形式的转化与传承。千百年来，中国的传统工艺与人民的生产、生活紧密结合在一起。通过工具与材料，人们将对自然、社会、人生的经验和认识，以相对稳定的造型、图式、技艺和文化等要素凝结在器物之中。[5]中国传统工艺是中华文化的重要组成部分，它蕴含着丰厚的文化底蕴，是国家和民族的宝贵文化遗产。由于拥有悠久的历史文化积淀和氛围，汉中本地保留下来了一些传统的手工技艺，例如，汉中面皮的制作技艺、蔡伦造纸工艺、汉中张氏摩崖石刻拓印技艺、洋县蓑衣编制技艺、城固泥塑、洋县架火烟花、谢村黄酒酿造技艺、西乡松花蛋制作技艺等。这些丰富多彩的地方手工技艺急需得到关注和保护。在今天这个网络信息技术高度发达、大众传媒蓬勃发展的新时期，可以借助网络媒体的传播方式来进行宣传与推广，使传统技艺能够被广大的人们所认知和了解。　　因此，对汉中本土传统手工技艺进行视频加工，将诸如蔡伦造纸技艺、汉中面皮、谢村黄酒的制作过程完整的拍摄记录下来，对其中的加工环节进行细致和完美的展现，能够引发受众的感知欲和好奇心。通过拍摄纪录片或微电影形式，配以优美动听的背景音乐，让观众在观赏这些传统手工技艺的同时，还能感受到一种心灵的愉悦与放松，体味传统文化的魅力。　　(3）汉中传统民俗文化和民俗活动新媒体形式的转化与传承。历经千秋的历史典故，家喻户晓的民俗活动，见证了汉中地区历史的进步和人们思想意识的开放，相比陕南地区其他区域所特有的自然风光，汉中地区的民俗文化更具有独特的地位和作用。　　首先是汉中的民俗文化，即在汉中境内的民间地区所形成和保留下来的民间艺术，例如汉调桄桄、镇巴民歌、洋县佛教音乐、端公戏等。进行新媒体形式的转化，可以请一些老艺人和技术成熟、经验丰富的民间艺术家进行现场演绎，通过现场录制和后期制作的方式形成音视频作品，通过各大视频媒体以及网络平台进行投送，也可以由当地政府着手操作，在地方台以及各大公共场所的LED屏幕上进行滚动循环播放。　　其次是汉中的民俗活动，汉中的民俗活动多种多样、种类丰富，如南郑协税社火高跷、南郑新集采莲船表演、略阳羌族羊皮鼓舞、洋县杖头木偶戏、洋县悬台社火、老君庙会、春官说春发放春贴、勉县武侯墓清明祭祀活动等。这些精彩纷呈的传统民俗活动展示了汉中民间文化的独特魅力，要对其进行新媒体形式的转化与传播，可以借助一些官方和非官方网络进行传播，充分挖掘民间传播的力度。例如，可以邀请知名视频网站的主播，比如哔哩哔哩、Ac Fun、斗鱼、抖音等，现场参与活动并进行实时直播与互动，借助主播个人的影响力和自媒体视频平台的强大扩散力，可以吸引更多的关注度，让更多的人了解到汉中独具特色的民俗活动。此外，借助微信，建立汉中民俗活动的公益性宣传公众号，向广大的在线用户进行推送，有一定的宣传与展示效果。　　(4)VR技术与汉中文化旅游景点的线上结合。虚拟现实技术是一种可以创建和体验虚拟世界的计算机仿真系统，它利用计算机生成一种模拟环境，是一种交互式的三维动态视景和实体行为的系统仿真，能使用户沉浸到环境中。　　除了非物质文化遗产，汉中还拥有着丰富的物质文化遗产，即各种文化旅游景点。其中，两汉三国时期的石门栈道、古汉台、拜将坛、饮马池、武侯墓、张良庙等。需要政府投入一定的资金，聘请专业的技术团队，对这些文化旅游景点进行精准的测绘，然后通过计算机进行3D立体建模，建立线上文化博物馆。还可在城市内的各大公共场所建立市文化旅游景点的VR体验馆，广大市民和外地游客不用亲临景区，借助VR设备，进行在线漫游，体验立体沉浸式虚拟游览，并能与景点内的物体进行互动，从而获得立体式全感官的综合性体验。这种新的游览方式与以往的游客进入景区实地游玩体验相比，在保持景点全部区域各种参数与信息完整收录与提供的同时，还降低了参与体验的门槛，能够让游客获得多倍的感受与身心的全面满足，充分体现人性化的思维与设计理念。　　4 结束语　　本文主要探讨了新媒体时代背景下汉中历史文化遗产的转化与传承的可行性策略，提出借助在线网络媒体技术和各种视频平台，以及VR技术，对各种类型的文化遗产进行视频化和立体化的制作的发展路径。此设想的实现需要政府的帮助与支持，加大新媒体传播的力度，使汉中的文化遗产的传承和保护得到普及并深入人心。　　参考文献　　[1] 吴增礼，王梦琪中华优秀传统文化创造性转化与创新性发展的维度和限度[J]湖南大学学报（社会科学版），2020，34(01):1-　　[2] 侍舒玮中国传统文化现代转化论——推进社会主义核心价值观建设[J]戏剧之家，2019(12):219+　　[3] 张婕，苗思雨，逯鹏祥，等新媒体时代传统文化的传播特征与对策研究[J]城市党报研究，2020(03):90-　　[4] 潘秀梅，张慨浅析陕西汉中非物质文化遗产与其保护现状[J]美与时代（上），2013(07):43-　　[5] 贺超海中国传统工艺的当代价值研究[D]北京科技大学，

浅谈道教对中国古代科技的影响 　　［摘要］道教根植于中国文化土壤，在长期发展熔融过程中，对我国古代的思想文化和社会生活的各个领域都产生过巨大而复杂的辐射作用，留下它的深刻影响。本文谈一下道教对中国古代科技的影响。　　［关键词］道教 中国古代科技。　　在中国传统文化中，重道轻器，把科学技术当作“奇淫巧技”，向来不为社会重视，但中国却出现了“四大发明”等对世界发展影响深远的科技。这里面包含了中国传统文化中道教的影响，本文从道教对中国古代科技的影响看这一现象出现的原因。　　鲁迅先生在《致许寿裳》一文中提到“中国文化的根柢全在道教……以此读史，有许多问题可迎刃而解”。在《小杂感》里说到：“人们往往憎和尚，憎尼姑，憎回教徒，憎基督教徒，而不憎道士。懂得此者，懂得中国大半。”英国科学家李约瑟博士也说：“道家思想和行为的模式包括各种对传统习俗的反抗，个人从社会上退隐，爱好并研究自然，拒绝出任官职……中国人性格中的许多最吸引人的因素都来自于道家思想。中国如果没有道家思想，就会像是一棵某些深根已经烂掉的大树。”从这些论断中，我们可以看出道教在中国传统文化中具有无法替代的地位，对中国传统文化产生了巨大而深远的影响。　　一、对古代化学研究的推动。　　在一般人看来，宗教是迷信，是反科学的。但事实上，道教与古代尚未与冶炼术分家的化学有密切的关系。中国古代道士们从神仙方士那里接受了追求长生的观念与方法。道士们认为，人可以长生，但要长生，必须服食不死之药。那么，这种不死之药是什么呢？其不可能是草木药之类，因为草木药本身易腐烂，在火中会化为灰烬。由于草木药自身没有坚固性、永恒性，移入人的身体中，自然不能使人长生不死。因此，必须发现一种坚固不朽、无变化的药物，通过服用这种药物，使其不朽性传入人体中，服用者便可以长生不死。这种不朽的药物，就是金丹。“金丹之为物，烧之愈久，变化愈妙。黄金入火，百炼不消，埋之，毕天不朽。服此二物，炼人身体，故能令人出生不死。此盖假求于外物以自坚固……”道家炼丹学说把服食还丹金液看作修行的最上乘的方法，故此十分重视对矿物质药材的烧炼。晋代道士葛洪在《抱朴子？金丹篇》里讲到“丹砂烧之成水银，积变又还成丹砂。”丹砂即朱砂，化学成分是硫化汞（HgS），性状呈红色，经过烧炼（HgS+O2→Hg+SO2），硫被氧化成了二氧化硫（SO2），把汞（Hg）分离出来。这样就得到了炼丹术里重要的药物——水银（道教外丹术中称“玄明龙膏”）。　　道教炼丹理论认为经常服用“玄明龙膏”可以成仙，在《阴真君金石五相类》一书中提到“玄明龙膏……服食一道，有不可思量之功。”“积变又还成丹砂”就是把汞（Hg）与硫磺（S）化合（Hg+S→HgS）变成硫化汞（HgS），性状呈黑色，经过升华成硫化汞的结晶，性状呈红色，即又变成丹砂。黄金不易与其他元素化合，难于溶解。　　二、道教与古代医学、药物学也有着密切的关系。　　葛洪在《抱朴子？内篇》说“古之初为道者，莫不兼修医术”。一方面，道教为了修炼成仙，首先得祛病延年，而医学、药物学正是为了防病、治病、延年益寿。另一方面，医药不仅可以使自己得到保健，还可以治病救人济世。道教通过施药治病接近群众，达到宗教宣传，扩大影响的目的。　　道教炼丹家发展成为医学和药物学专家。晋葛洪、南天师道代表人物陶弘景都有大量的医学著作，对古代医学和药物学的发展做出重大贡献。特别是隋唐之际的著名道士孙思邈，对医学理论和临床经验，著有《备急千金方》30卷，《千金翼方》30卷合称《千金方》，共收集八百多种药物，5300多个处方。他首创复方，提出一方治多病或多方治一病的方法；主张独立设科，重视妇科和儿科，孙思邈对今天的医学和医学院的学生仍有影响。　　道教的外丹术促进了中国古代药物学发展。外丹术的发展，为医药学积累了知识，加深了对铅丹（pb3O4）、铅白[pb（OH）2?2PbCO3]、石灰（CaO）、丹砂（HgS）等矿物的产地、特性和用途的了解；并对钠硝石（NaNO3）与芒硝（Na2SO4?10H2O）等形态类似的矿物，有了简易可靠的鉴别法。炼丹方法和中医实践相结合，推动了古化学制药技术的发展，丰富了中国药物学的内容。两汉前的医学文献中，基本上无化学药剂，也不使用膏药。　　道教徒把药分成上、中、下三品，认为上品药服之可以使人长生不死，中品药可以养生延年，下品药只能治病。这是对药物学的一种分类方法。南朝陶弘景著的《本草集注》中对药物作了更详细的分类，按药物的性能和治疗功效分八十多类。　　在中国文化中道教居隐性地位，但它根植于中国文化土壤，在长期发展熔融过程中，对我国古代的思想文化和社会生活的各个领域都产生过巨大而复杂的辐射作用，留下它的深刻影响。所以，中国古代科技虽然在主流的儒家文化社会不被重视，但却能够获得巨大发展的原因。　　【参考文献】　　[1]詹石窗。关于道教思想史的若干思考[J]哲学动态，2009（02）。　　[2]黄永锋，王艺。道教思想学术研究的新成果——《道教科学思想发凡》评介[J]世界宗教研究，2005（04）。　　[3]白盾。“中国根柢”何以“全在道教”？——论鲁迅对道教、道家思想的批判[J]社会科学辑刊，1983（05）。