文化差异与跨文化交际论文3000字英文

文化差异与跨文化交际论文3000字英文

文化差异(Culture Difference):种族 National race The whole question of the changing role of Blacks in American society as been the subject of newspaper articles around the world so frequently that visitors to the United States do not know what to expect when they They may be surprised when they see that Blacks and Whites work side by side in offices ， factories ， and schools across the country The majority of Blacks in the United States， however， live in and around only a small number of American Many dark-skinned visitors arrive in the United States fearing personal attack or expecting various degrees of racial Some forms of discrimination [1] still exist ，unfortunately， especially in the areas of the housing ， schools ， and jobs The school equality is still more a dream than a There are still too many areas of the country where Black Americans do not enjoy the same full opportunities as White Americans However， the vast majority of American s are working ， studying ， and sharing public places This was not true even a few years ago in some parts of the country ， but progress is steadily being made You will be able to observe the improvement in race relations as soon as your plane lands You will see it in the airport， in public buses and trains ， in theaters ， restaurants ， rest room， in sops and libraries ， in offices and factories Close personal friendships between Blacks and Whites ， full trust and social relationships are still not common ， except in certain areas， However， even in this - the slowest area of progress-there has been change ， especially among young [1] discrimination 辨别， 区别， 识别力， 辨别力， 歧视 Excerpted from " A Guide to USA "， edited by Li Yang， Li Yi， published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research P Culture Difference 发表日期：2005-04-22 10:58:52 作者：洪恩在线 It is not a novel knowledge that culture difference exists between eastern and w estern But not until I heard the lecture given by a Chinese scholar， who has been lived in Australia for several years， did I came to understand that how different it The scholar summarized that we， as Chinese， prefer to think in a spiral， casual way， while western people， more often than not， are fond of a linear， business-i s-business Supporting the idea， he named out examples he himself experience d while staying in A Here are some Firstly， line up If you are in China， it is not rare to see that a crowd of people throng in the supermarket， trying to get service People in Ch ina do line up， the scholar said in a humorous tone， but they prefer to line up at a horizontal In contrast， in western countries， say， in Australia， people always line up， no matter in a big bank or a small grocery And they take it for Lin ing up has long since become part of their life that they scarcely doubt it or g row impatient while doing Secondly， first come， first Though in words it is a normal principle her e in China， it’s mostly not the case in Take an example of what usuall y happens in a Here when we are in a middle-sized bank， and suppose we are talking with the cashier， it always tends to have someone butt in， claiming tha t his or her request takes only one And it seems that we have already been accustomed to So has the But in western countries， it never It is always rude that you butt in whil e the cashier is serving his No matter how little time your request co sts， the cashier， more often than not， is likely to turn you Only one cust omer at a time is his Thirdly， change Suppose I am in a shopping mall and the stuff I purchase cost me 142 RMB While lining up at the casher’s and happening to check my wall et， I find I have 200 RMB and two one-yuan What will I do? To give the ca shier 200 RMB， or give him 200 RMB and the two one-yuan coins so that he could r eturn me 60 RMB， which is more convenient for both of I think when the Chinese were in this situation， they would mostly choose the la tter But the scholar said， in Australia， they won’t do He then told th at he himself did try it once， and he thought it was self-evident to do But the cashier did not So the scholar latter on summarized that western people are prone to lack of fle xibility while doing their Then how about us in their eyes? They think we Chinese have a tendency to make things What an interesting contrast! Here I don’t intend to tell which is better and which is What I try to s ay is just that we might well be in conformity with the customs and be aware of the culture differences while being Like the saying goes—while you are in Rome， do as Romans If you don’t want to put yourself in the public， bear ing all this in mind is perhaps the best Caroline This article has been read by 276 Copyright: This article was written by and first posted in HongEn The author owns the copyright， and HongEn online owns the right of using Any other unit or individual should get the author's approval before using， repasting or The author will assume all the civil and penal responsibility， directly or indirectly caused by posting the The SYSOPs and board masters have the right to reserve or delete the Reply|Digest|Return|Search Replied Articles Title Author Size Post Time Grade Re：Culture Difference tdeanxx(Tim) 1K 20 01:19 Dear Caroline， I think your scholar friend spent several years in Australia and completely miss ed the most important value represented in his That value is egalitar The principle that people should be treated When the bank teller insists on attending one customer at a time the principle i s not "only one customer at a time" it is "this customer waited in line and so w ill you， no matter how tall， how well dressed or how loud your " And you can be sure if the customer is a poor working man and the impatient man is a wel l dressed business man， the customer will very bruskly insist on his rights not to be A well run bank will have a customer service person who can answer questions， but people doing transactions must wait their My impres sion of a business or a nation where people are not treated equally in the marke tplace and a bully can obtain service without waiting is a place where there is a class oriented culture and/or where one can bribe one …………[文章太长，没有全部显示，点击本文标题阅读全文] Re：Culture Difference (caroline) 2K 20 12:25 Dear Tim， The lecture given by the scholar is mainly on English That's for he na med such He just aimed to tell the audience how important to understan d a culture is， which is different from our What you said is indeed And I am with you on The corruption in Chi na is rampant these years， you relate it with Well， I haven't thought abo ut But I do agree that the idea of class roots in many people's Like the example you took in the article， I almost could be sure that here the c ashier would definitely turn to the well dressed business You say that the poor working man will insist on his rigts not to be But here I gues s he would just pretend not to mind it and let it I myself experienced this once， in Once I was in a post office to have a p ackage You know， it was crowded inside and the people lined up in a wayw ard So when it was my turn， and when I was just about to tell the man my re quest， one guy …………[文章太长，没有全部显示，点击本文标题阅读全文] Re：Culture Difference panpanpan 210 20 08:32 You've got a sharp eye for the human conditions， T -- Learning is like rowing upstream; not to advance is to drop Learning is like sailing a boat against the current; it either advances or retre Re：Culture Difference tdeanxx(Tim) 351 20 12:47 Dear Panpanpan， I wouldn't have written in such a non-diplomatic fashion except that I wanted to see what people thought， and that sort of behavior is particularly irritating t o I will try not to lose my temper when I am in C I don't want to get "kung fu'd" Great to hear from you， I want to hear more of your thou Tim Re：Culture Difference smdyfc(Dont happy) 263 20 18:05 English is so good!Do you announce some articles more again?Did you graduate?Wor ker， should have of， all of you And have brains!Can come to our company to work? -- Power is everything!!Falling behind would be beaten!! I'm never，never，never，never give up!!! Re：Culture Difference spoilme(maple) 804 22 06:02 "Thirdly， change Suppose I am in a shopping mall and the stuff I purchase cost me 142 RMB While lining up at the casher’s and happening to check my wal let， I find I have 200 RMB and two one-yuan What will I do? To give the c ashier 200 RMB， or give him 200 RMB and the two one-yuan coins so that he could return me 60 RMB， which is more convenient for both of I think when the Chinese were in this situation， they would mostly choose the la tter But the scholar said， in Australia， they won’t do He then told th at he himself did try it once， and he thought it was self-evident to do But the cashier did not " It won't happen in New Y Maybe the cashers in NY are :) -- Be not afraid of going slowly， be afraid only of standing 参考一下Diet Culture difference between China and A（中美饮食文化的差异）这篇也可以参考一下The main difference between Chinese and America eating habits is that unlike， where everyone has their own plate of food， in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody If you are being treated by a Chinese host， be prepared for a ton of Chinese are very proud of their culture of food and will do their best to give you a taste of many different types of Among friends， they will just order enough for the people If they are taking somebody out for dinner and the relationship is polite to semi-polite， then they will usually order one more dish than the number of guests ( four people， five dishes) If it is a business dinner or a very formal occasion， there is likely to be a huge amount of food that will be impossible to A typical meal starts with some cold dishes， like boiled peanuts and smashed cucumber with These are followed by the main courses， hot meat and vegetable Finally soup is brought out， which is followed by the starchy "staple" food， which is usually rice or noodles or sometimes Many Chinese eat rice (or noodles or whatever) last， but if you like to have your rice together with other dishes， you should say so early on

例如：朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。一人得道，鸡犬升天。衙门八字开，有理无钱莫进来。只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。四、 风俗习惯不同的民族形成了各自独特的风俗习惯：正如英语中一句谚语所说的：“So many countries， so many ”在对狗的态度上，中国人脑海中狗如同鸡、鸭、猪一样是一种地位十分卑微的动物。常常把狗与“下贱”、“低微”、“无赖”等贬义词联系在一起，如“狼心狗肺”、“狗腿子”、“猪狗不如”、“狐朋狗党”等，[5]（P83）虽然狗也用作看家护院、狩猎、牧羊。狗还常被宰杀烹调，这在西方人看来是非常不能接受的。中国人对狗的态度在谚语中可以体现出来，如：狗眼看人低。 好狗不挡道。 狗嘴里吐不出象牙。 狗改不了吃屎。 痛打落水狗。而狗在西方人眼中不仅是狩猎、看门、工作的得力可靠的好帮手，更是生活中重要的伴侣和朋友，是抚慰人们寂寞空虚生活不可缺少的一部分，甚至将其视为家中的成员，与狗有着深厚的感情。在西方还有发生狗死后，为其安葬立碑的事。因此，狗的形象在英语谚语中是褒义的，人们对狗是怜爱、赞赏的。英语谚语之中，常常以狗的形象来比喻人的行为。如：You are a lucky 你是一个幸运儿。 Every dog has its 各人皆有出头之日。 Old dog will not learn new 老人学不了新东西。 Love me， love my 爱屋及乌。而英语中兔子常代表胆怯，但汉语中与“胆怯”相联系的动物形象则是老鼠。因此有谚语“气壮如牛，胆小如鼠”；英语民族常用狮子比喻力量、雄威，所以有谚语：March comes in like a lion and goes out like a 三月来如猛狮；去如羔羊。Every dog is a lion at 狗是百步王，只在门前狠。A lion may be beholden to a 老鼠也能帮狮子；弱者也能帮强者。这里因为狮子多产于非洲、印度等地，而英国历史上与这些地区或国家有着很深的关系。而我国不产狮子，无论南方北方都产老虎。[6]（P73）从前，老虎数量繁多，常出没山林，侵扰人民，甚至危害人命。人们认为虎为百兽之王，对虎十分敬畏，有“养虎为患”、“伴君如伴虎”的说法，把虎看作力量、威武、雄壮的象征，因此产生了许多关于与老虎有关的谚语。例如：山中无老虎，猴子称大王。 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 虎毒不食子 初生牛犊不怕虎。五、 民族性格中西方由于各自生存环境的差异，以及人们对自身环境的不同应战，发展出各自不同的社会文明，从而产生了不同的文化取向、价值观念、性格特征。在古希腊，由于土地的贫瘠，海上通道的开辟，再加上频繁的战争和几次大规模的民族迁徙，使得他们很早就发展起商业经济，创造了人类最古老的商业文明。西方成了典型的商业社会，人们从事着频繁的商业活动，正所谓“The English are a nation of shop-”（英国全民皆商，外表富强）。经商的成效不在天地鬼神而在自己，在于自己的才干。[7]（P22-23）商场中的竞争激烈、优胜劣汰、你失我得，这形成了西方人个人意识较强、重视个人作用、个人独立自主、个人利益的个人主义思想。Self comes 自我利益是第一位的。Everyman for himself and God for us 个人为自己，上帝为大家。Near is my shirt， but nearer is my 自己的利益最切身。Self-preservation is the first law of 保存自己是自然界的第一法则。He who depends on another dines ill and sups 指望别人，难有好吃喝。而经商见效快、获利多、风险大，也养成了西方人急功近利、富于进取、敢于冒险的流动性格。If at first you don’t succeed， try， try， try Forbidden fruit is Catch as catch Discontent is the first step in Life is a battle from cradle to 人生是一场从摇篮到坟墓的战斗。Life， to be worthy of a rational being， must be always in 人生必须永远前进，才不愧为有理智的人。Fortune favors the 勇者天佑。个人主义思想使西方人重视突出个人，喜欢表现自己的个性，乐于标新立异，爱出风头，尊重个性、自我，并鼓励个性发展，对别人因个性表现出的任何形态都能够理解接受，这可以在谚语中体现出来。It’s squeaky wheel that gets the 吱吱叫的轮子先上油。Tastes 个人品位不同。Every man after his 个人追求个人的风格。 If you’ve got it， flaunt 这句谚语来源于一部The producer的美国电影。意思是如果你有钱、本事、美貌或性感，就应该让人瞧瞧。[8]（P334）而以农业为根本的中国人则截然不同，农业的收获往往不在耕种者，而是老天。人的意志如何强大也阻止不了干旱、洪水、风暴等天灾的来临。[7]（P23）另外农业见效慢，而一年一度的丰收来自于长期的扎扎实实、坚持不懈的努力劳动，这形成了中国人思想意识中安定保守、善于坚持忍耐、缺乏冒险、知足的性格的特质。[5]（P23）

Chinese and Western cultural differences in the performance of every aspect of daily life from the greeting 、 term diet and cultural differences in the way of thinking in the abstract， such as differences everywhere， from the West focus on the following colors to express the difference between Chinese and Western cultural differences in areas such as a wedding First， in the West to express the color difference Different colors in different languages is not expressed in the same The representative of China in a sense， the West has a meaning that even the "color" to understand the meaning of the (A) red (red) Whether in China or in the English-speaking countries， often in red and festive celebrations or day- Calendar， red font used these days， therefore， red letter day: refers to the "Day" or "happy " It also refers to the red "liabilities" or "loss" because people are always negative in red to So there are these phrases: red figure deficit in the red loss In common with the Chinese "red" words， translated into English， may not necessarily use the "red" for example: 　 brown sugar brown sugar red wine red wine (B) yellow Yellow in English and Chinese in the extended meaning of the differences are In English， yellow can be said that the "timid， cowardly， despicable，" meaning， for example: a yellow dog despicable， cowardly people a yellow livered coward Chinese yellow symbol of the term is sometimes vulgar， vulgar and obscene， indecent indecency means， such as yellow film， erotica， yellow CD， and so These in the name of "yellow" in English and "yellow" has nothing to However， in another English word blue is the color used to indicate the kind of meaning in Chinese， such as the blue jokes (dirty joke)， blue films (yellow film) Second， the cultural differences in Western wedding First of all， in Western wedding culture and the first in the West in thinking about the differences: the Chinese people more conservative， like excitement， more old-fashioned thinking， so in the history of China for thousands of years the entire wedding customs did not change The thinking in the West is more open to the requirements of the wedding will be lower， they will be the climax of the wedding in the church: the sacred as the "wedding march" into the red carpet， Jiao Mei's father， the bride linked hands Rose walked slowly to the groom， the bride's father， daughter to the groom's hand on hand， her daughter's life will be entrusted to the groom， all eyes followed the couple， filled with well-being in their Second， the result of cultural differences wedding in the West because the West in a different China is mainly Buddhist， but the West is mainly C Therefore， the Western wedding is to be held in the church and the priest is Zhuhun R China's traditional customs of the most important part of the Bai Tiandi is， the worship heaven and earth even after the ceremony has 中西方文化差异表现在方方面面，从日常生活的打招呼用语、饮食文化等差异到思维方式等抽象方面的差异无所不在，下面着重从中西方颜色表达的差异，中西方婚礼文化差异等方面阐述。 一、中西方颜色表达的差异 不同颜色在不同语言中表达的方式并不一样。在中国代表一种意义，在西方又表示一种涵义，甚至对“颜色”的涵义理解恰恰相反。（一）red（红色）无论是在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。日历中，这些日子常用红色字体，因此，red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。红色还指“负债”或“亏损”，因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。于是就有了这些词组：red figure赤字 in the red亏损汉语中常用的带“红”字的词语，翻译成英语，可不一定用“red”例如：　红糖brown sugar 红酒red wine （二） yellow黄色在英语和汉语中的引申含义差别比较大。英语中，yellow可以表示“胆小、卑怯、卑鄙”的意思，例如：a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人a yellow livered 胆小鬼汉语中黄色一词有时象征低级趣味、色情庸俗、下流猥亵的意思，如黄色电影、黄色书刊、黄色光碟等等。这些名称中的“黄”与英语中的“yellow”无关。然而，英语中另一个颜色词blue却常用来表示汉语中这类意思，如blue jokes（下流的玩笑）， blue films（黄色电影）等。 二、中西方婚礼文化差异 首先，中西方婚礼文化差异首先和中西方人在思维方面的差异有关：中国人比较保守，喜欢热闹，思维较古板，所以在中国历史几千年的时间里整个婚礼的习俗并没有多大的变化。而西方人的思想则比较开放，对于婚礼的要求也比较低，他们婚礼的高潮则是在教堂中：随着神圣的《婚礼进行曲》步入鲜红的地毯，娇美的新娘挽着父亲手捧玫瑰慢慢向新郎走去，新娘的父亲将女儿的手放在新郎的手上，将女儿的一生托付给新郎，所有人的目光注视着这对新人，幸福洋溢在他们的脸上。其次，造成中西方婚礼文化差异的原因是中西方不同的宗教。中国是以佛教为主，而西方则是基督教为主的。所以西方的婚礼是在教堂中举行而主婚人则是神甫。中方的传统婚俗中的最重要环节就是拜天地，拜了天地以后就算是礼成了。

%D6%D0%CE%F7&btn=+%CB%D1%CB%F7+ 1、 (英语系毕业论文)中西戏剧发展快慢对比及其原因 摘 要 中西戏剧都有悠久的历史，无论是西方戏剧还是中国戏剧，都起源于民间，并与原始人祭祀神灵，欢庆节日的仪式密切联系在一起的。回顾希腊戏剧产生形成的历史，它发展快，成就高，在世界上的影响很 类别：毕业论文 大小：95 KB 日期：2007-07-14 2、 (英语系毕业论文)从中美管理方式的不同透析中西方文化差异与整合 摘 要随着全球化的来临，中国与外界的交流越来越频繁，特别是在商界。本论文主要探讨中美在管理上的交流。如今的商界，如同一个大家庭，参与者遍布世界各地。正是由于这个原因，各国的管理模式也趋于一体化。但是 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-26 3、 (英语系毕业论文)在经济全球化下中西方文化差异与跨文化管理 摘 要伴随着世界经济的快速增长，跨国公司的飞速发展， 全球商业活动的猛烈激增，同时伴随着在文化多样化环境下的相关管理问题的出现，跨国公司的人员必须与来自不同文化背景的人打交道，这种文化差异时而会造成 类别：毕业论文 大小：96 KB 日期：2007-06-26 4、 (英语系毕业论文)中西服饰文化差异对语言的影响 摘 要中西服饰受其各自不同哲学和文化的影响体现出不同的特征：儒家思想和大陆文明使中国服饰呈现出繁冗，宽博的特征。它不注重外表的装饰，以宽松的衣服遮掩身体的曲线，在思想上追求人格的完美，以“谦谦君 类别：毕业论文 大小：90 KB 日期：2007-06-25 5、 (英语系毕业论文)快餐食品对中西方传统饮食文化的影响力 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同 类别：毕业论文 大小：88 KB 日期：2007-06-25 6、 (英语系毕业论文)从礼仪角度谈中西文化的差异性 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-23 7、 (英语系毕业论文)中西饮食文化及其差异 摘 要中国悠久历史5000年，西方世界五六百年的社会历程。中国有灿烂丰富、博大精深的饮食文化；西方国家则有精巧专维、自成体系的饮食文明。民以食为天，中国有自己独特丰富的饮食文化底蕴。然而今天除了中国 类别：毕业论文 大小：100 KB 日期：2007-06-21 8、 (英语系毕业论文)中西酒店文化比较及探讨 摘 要在经济蓬勃发展的今天，旅游业风风火火地发展起来了，作为与旅游业相配套的酒店业也相应的完善起来，且更加趋于国际化。中国已经入世，这更给中国的酒店业带来一个新的发展契机，但世界上酒店发展规模空前，

文化差异与跨文化交际论文3000字英文翻译

TheculturedifferencesbetweentheEastandWest东方和西方间的不同文化 Asweknow，therearesomanydifferencesbetweencultureoftheEastandWestthatI（众说周知，东方和西方间在不同方面有许多我难以列举的不同之处。） ItisnodoubtthatitisatraditiontousechopsticksforCButpeopleinATAmericanschoosetoeatbeefsteak，bread，andsalad，whileChinesepeoplechoosenoodles，（无疑中国人用筷子是一种传统。但是美国人更喜欢叉子和小刀这不同的结果建立在她们对食物的喜好上。美国人选择吃牛肉片，面包和沙拉然而中国人选择吃面条，薄烤饼和米饭。 Inmyopinion，thestudyinATInaaddition，therateofgoingtoschool，thesalaryofteaching，andthejobofgruduatesarequitedifferent，IthinkthatCIalsoexpecttobeoneday，theWestgivemorecheers （在我看来，在美国学习会更有趣。老师们注重培养学生们对现实生活的理解能力。而且，去学校的上学率，教学的工资和毕业后的工作也大不相同。我认为中国政府应该尽更大的努力改善教育系统。我也期望有一天，西方能给中国更多的鼓励。

Chinese and Western Culture Comparison What are the major differences between chinese and western culture? I'll list down a few differences: West: Western culture is based on individualism rather than on mass (collectivism) For instance， in the US， you always talk about individual rights， instead of placing the whole society above your own This is clearly different in China where a country， society or family are placed above your own Western culture is adventurous and exploration Westerners like to discover new things， invention and expand For instance， bungee jumping is considered adventurous and common in western culture， but you will probably find no-one doing such a thing in C Western culture is based on science， which attempts to resolve people and nature's West uses law to resolve people and people's You can never find 'law' well-established in C For 2000 years， China is a land that's based on human relationship rather than West uses 'god' and religion to resolve human and spiritualism In case of problems with your own self， you just pray to A culture that expands and develop Chinese Culture: A culture based on masses (collectivism) People placed country and family above your own A culture that is based on humanism and people To resolve the relationship betwen man and nature， the chinese attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as (天人和一) To resolve people and people's relationship， chinese uses ethics and tolerance (中恕之道) To resolve human and spiritualism， chinese emphasizes internal cultivation (修身养性) A focus on balance and By 'mean'， it means 'middle way' You don't go into Peace is always

如下：My dream is to study abroad in the I amalways that kind of life can come true 我的梦想是以后可以去留学。我总是希望那样的生活能早日成真。But， before I realize my dream， I have to do 但是，在实现梦想之前，我得做一些准备工作。I think the most important thing I need to do first is to adapt the life 我想我首先需要做的是适应那里的生活。It is said that there is a big difference between the eastern and western 据说东西方文化是有差异的。英文作文写作技巧：一、用词的丰富性1、简单词升级为高级词写作中，一些很基础的、常见的较口语化的简单词，可以找到很多与其对应的同义词、近义词，选择其中比较书面的高级词来替换。例1：problem “问题”，是我们从小用到大的相对比较简单的词，但是可以选择其比较书面化的近义词issue，obstacle，difficulty，dilemma等来替换。例2：disadvantage“不利条件，缺点”，是相对比较基础、常用的简单词，但是可以选择其比较难一点的近义词shortcoming，weakness，drawback，deficiency等来替换。二、单词升级为短语写作中的一些单词，可以采取与其意义相近的短语来替换。例1：exist“存在”，这一个单词，可以选择其意思相近的短语come existence，come being等来替换。例2：think“认为，主张”，这一个单词，可以选择其意思相近的短语from my personal perspective，as far as I am concerned，from my point of view，when it comes to me，for my part等来替换。

文化差异与跨文化交际论文3000字英文怎么写

Chinese and Western Culture Comparison What are the major differences between chinese and western culture? I'll list down a few differences: West: Western culture is based on individualism rather than on mass (collectivism) For instance， in the US， you always talk about individual rights， instead of placing the whole society above your own This is clearly different in China where a country， society or family are placed above your own Western culture is adventurous and exploration Westerners like to discover new things， invention and expand For instance， bungee jumping is considered adventurous and common in western culture， but you will probably find no-one doing such a thing in C Western culture is based on science， which attempts to resolve people and nature's West uses law to resolve people and people's You can never find 'law' well-established in C For 2000 years， China is a land that's based on human relationship rather than West uses 'god' and religion to resolve human and spiritualism In case of problems with your own self， you just pray to A culture that expands and develop Chinese Culture: A culture based on masses (collectivism) People placed country and family above your own A culture that is based on humanism and people To resolve the relationship betwen man and nature， the chinese attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as (天人和一) To resolve people and people's relationship， chinese uses ethics and tolerance (中恕之道) To resolve human and spiritualism， chinese emphasizes internal cultivation (修身养性) A focus on balance and By 'mean'， it means 'middle way' You don't go into Peace is always

例如：朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。一人得道，鸡犬升天。衙门八字开，有理无钱莫进来。只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。四、 风俗习惯不同的民族形成了各自独特的风俗习惯：正如英语中一句谚语所说的：“So many countries， so many ”在对狗的态度上，中国人脑海中狗如同鸡、鸭、猪一样是一种地位十分卑微的动物。常常把狗与“下贱”、“低微”、“无赖”等贬义词联系在一起，如“狼心狗肺”、“狗腿子”、“猪狗不如”、“狐朋狗党”等，[5]（P83）虽然狗也用作看家护院、狩猎、牧羊。狗还常被宰杀烹调，这在西方人看来是非常不能接受的。中国人对狗的态度在谚语中可以体现出来，如：狗眼看人低。 好狗不挡道。 狗嘴里吐不出象牙。 狗改不了吃屎。 痛打落水狗。而狗在西方人眼中不仅是狩猎、看门、工作的得力可靠的好帮手，更是生活中重要的伴侣和朋友，是抚慰人们寂寞空虚生活不可缺少的一部分，甚至将其视为家中的成员，与狗有着深厚的感情。在西方还有发生狗死后，为其安葬立碑的事。因此，狗的形象在英语谚语中是褒义的，人们对狗是怜爱、赞赏的。英语谚语之中，常常以狗的形象来比喻人的行为。如：You are a lucky 你是一个幸运儿。 Every dog has its 各人皆有出头之日。 Old dog will not learn new 老人学不了新东西。 Love me， love my 爱屋及乌。而英语中兔子常代表胆怯，但汉语中与“胆怯”相联系的动物形象则是老鼠。因此有谚语“气壮如牛，胆小如鼠”；英语民族常用狮子比喻力量、雄威，所以有谚语：March comes in like a lion and goes out like a 三月来如猛狮；去如羔羊。Every dog is a lion at 狗是百步王，只在门前狠。A lion may be beholden to a 老鼠也能帮狮子；弱者也能帮强者。这里因为狮子多产于非洲、印度等地，而英国历史上与这些地区或国家有着很深的关系。而我国不产狮子，无论南方北方都产老虎。[6]（P73）从前，老虎数量繁多，常出没山林，侵扰人民，甚至危害人命。人们认为虎为百兽之王，对虎十分敬畏，有“养虎为患”、“伴君如伴虎”的说法，把虎看作力量、威武、雄壮的象征，因此产生了许多关于与老虎有关的谚语。例如：山中无老虎，猴子称大王。 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 虎毒不食子 初生牛犊不怕虎。五、 民族性格中西方由于各自生存环境的差异，以及人们对自身环境的不同应战，发展出各自不同的社会文明，从而产生了不同的文化取向、价值观念、性格特征。在古希腊，由于土地的贫瘠，海上通道的开辟，再加上频繁的战争和几次大规模的民族迁徙，使得他们很早就发展起商业经济，创造了人类最古老的商业文明。西方成了典型的商业社会，人们从事着频繁的商业活动，正所谓“The English are a nation of shop-”（英国全民皆商，外表富强）。经商的成效不在天地鬼神而在自己，在于自己的才干。[7]（P22-23）商场中的竞争激烈、优胜劣汰、你失我得，这形成了西方人个人意识较强、重视个人作用、个人独立自主、个人利益的个人主义思想。Self comes 自我利益是第一位的。Everyman for himself and God for us 个人为自己，上帝为大家。Near is my shirt， but nearer is my 自己的利益最切身。Self-preservation is the first law of 保存自己是自然界的第一法则。He who depends on another dines ill and sups 指望别人，难有好吃喝。而经商见效快、获利多、风险大，也养成了西方人急功近利、富于进取、敢于冒险的流动性格。If at first you don’t succeed， try， try， try Forbidden fruit is Catch as catch Discontent is the first step in Life is a battle from cradle to 人生是一场从摇篮到坟墓的战斗。Life， to be worthy of a rational being， must be always in 人生必须永远前进，才不愧为有理智的人。Fortune favors the 勇者天佑。个人主义思想使西方人重视突出个人，喜欢表现自己的个性，乐于标新立异，爱出风头，尊重个性、自我，并鼓励个性发展，对别人因个性表现出的任何形态都能够理解接受，这可以在谚语中体现出来。It’s squeaky wheel that gets the 吱吱叫的轮子先上油。Tastes 个人品位不同。Every man after his 个人追求个人的风格。 If you’ve got it， flaunt 这句谚语来源于一部The producer的美国电影。意思是如果你有钱、本事、美貌或性感，就应该让人瞧瞧。[8]（P334）而以农业为根本的中国人则截然不同，农业的收获往往不在耕种者，而是老天。人的意志如何强大也阻止不了干旱、洪水、风暴等天灾的来临。[7]（P23）另外农业见效慢，而一年一度的丰收来自于长期的扎扎实实、坚持不懈的努力劳动，这形成了中国人思想意识中安定保守、善于坚持忍耐、缺乏冒险、知足的性格的特质。[5]（P23）

%D6%D0%CE%F7&btn=+%CB%D1%CB%F7+ 1、 (英语系毕业论文)中西戏剧发展快慢对比及其原因 摘 要 中西戏剧都有悠久的历史，无论是西方戏剧还是中国戏剧，都起源于民间，并与原始人祭祀神灵，欢庆节日的仪式密切联系在一起的。回顾希腊戏剧产生形成的历史，它发展快，成就高，在世界上的影响很 类别：毕业论文 大小：95 KB 日期：2007-07-14 2、 (英语系毕业论文)从中美管理方式的不同透析中西方文化差异与整合 摘 要随着全球化的来临，中国与外界的交流越来越频繁，特别是在商界。本论文主要探讨中美在管理上的交流。如今的商界，如同一个大家庭，参与者遍布世界各地。正是由于这个原因，各国的管理模式也趋于一体化。但是 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-26 3、 (英语系毕业论文)在经济全球化下中西方文化差异与跨文化管理 摘 要伴随着世界经济的快速增长，跨国公司的飞速发展， 全球商业活动的猛烈激增，同时伴随着在文化多样化环境下的相关管理问题的出现，跨国公司的人员必须与来自不同文化背景的人打交道，这种文化差异时而会造成 类别：毕业论文 大小：96 KB 日期：2007-06-26 4、 (英语系毕业论文)中西服饰文化差异对语言的影响 摘 要中西服饰受其各自不同哲学和文化的影响体现出不同的特征：儒家思想和大陆文明使中国服饰呈现出繁冗，宽博的特征。它不注重外表的装饰，以宽松的衣服遮掩身体的曲线，在思想上追求人格的完美，以“谦谦君 类别：毕业论文 大小：90 KB 日期：2007-06-25 5、 (英语系毕业论文)快餐食品对中西方传统饮食文化的影响力 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同 类别：毕业论文 大小：88 KB 日期：2007-06-25 6、 (英语系毕业论文)从礼仪角度谈中西文化的差异性 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-23 7、 (英语系毕业论文)中西饮食文化及其差异 摘 要中国悠久历史5000年，西方世界五六百年的社会历程。中国有灿烂丰富、博大精深的饮食文化；西方国家则有精巧专维、自成体系的饮食文明。民以食为天，中国有自己独特丰富的饮食文化底蕴。然而今天除了中国 类别：毕业论文 大小：100 KB 日期：2007-06-21 8、 (英语系毕业论文)中西酒店文化比较及探讨 摘 要在经济蓬勃发展的今天，旅游业风风火火地发展起来了，作为与旅游业相配套的酒店业也相应的完善起来，且更加趋于国际化。中国已经入世，这更给中国的酒店业带来一个新的发展契机，但世界上酒店发展规模空前，

Western novels in comparison First， Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its In ancient times， science developed， out of fear of nature， the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God"， describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified， that is China opened the world's Pan story， the story of San Juan Five Emperors， the West Greek mythology， Roman mythology， Norse mythology， and so on are all typical East and West， the original novel， is closely linked with the history， as historical records complement the China Pre-Qin prose in the fable， the Han dynasty in the history books， biographies， the Wei and Jin Zhi， Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon， "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic"， in ancient Greece， "Homer's epic，" "Aesop's Fables "And so on， fall into this category， fiction， novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction， it is still not the literary creation， directly from the private collection record， so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple， writing rough Ban Gu said， "On the Street Lane words， hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the China's Tang Dynasty， the novel is only from history and literature become a Tang Dynasty culture has developed， the author's ideas are more open， the legend came into being at this time， Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan"， Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret，" Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on， are made in accordance with the creation of the For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent， not just the history of the nature of things， but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline， which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"， "Outlaws of the Marsh"， "Journey to the W" The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known， there are obvious story-telling style of Here by the redevelopment， it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process， the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus"， it was an open and ordinary life on the road， the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices， and gradually out a new Western novels， is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West， 14， the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control， 15， appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels， is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron"， Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of The resulting novel is a classical， elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well- As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge， enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels， of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust"， the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on， this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public In the 19th century， romantic fiction， realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of Romantic novels， such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris"， Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on， imaginative， unusual ideas， language and imaginative， strong Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life， and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens， France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society， the dark， in-depth criticism of the reality of evil， France Balzac and Maupassant， the United Kingdom of Charlotte， Bronte， Russia's Tolstoy， Dostoevsky， the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this Value today， the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the Second， the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel， the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1， the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters， language and the details of the description， in contradiction to the conflict to display the images， but the character of a single， small changes in the absence of the main Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description， stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind， good at writing full， the changes in the strong sense of the main Again， "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts， but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent， and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character， but Jane Eyre's character is the brave， strong， warm， kind-hearted， and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng' In short， people in the area described in the West has its own unique 2， China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete Plot twists and turns， the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous， magnificent anomaly， rigorous and clever， dramatic plot The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular， undulating waves， Cuoluoyouzhi， careful structure， an integral "A Dream of Red Mansions"， everywhere She Fu， Hui turning point， the story of Jia's best Western plot in respect of the outstanding works， although there are many， but it can not be compared with the Chinese 3， concise and lively Chinese language novel， rich in content and rich Western Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language， at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose， often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge， involve the community in many ways， so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are Western novels have different characteristics， and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent 4， Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult， Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame， so many great writers living， creating the conditions are not covered， many of the great works of authors who do not Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow， and many talented writers were forced to church services， wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry Third， Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty， China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system， the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each Of course， due to historical reasons， the Chinese side of the draw a little To this day， the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm， although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent， but the United States are We have every reason to believe that in the near future， the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate， develop and reach new artistic References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election，" Zhang Zhong， such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。

文化差异与跨文化交际论文3000字怎么写

例如：朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。一人得道，鸡犬升天。衙门八字开，有理无钱莫进来。只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。四、 风俗习惯不同的民族形成了各自独特的风俗习惯：正如英语中一句谚语所说的：“So many countries， so many ”在对狗的态度上，中国人脑海中狗如同鸡、鸭、猪一样是一种地位十分卑微的动物。常常把狗与“下贱”、“低微”、“无赖”等贬义词联系在一起，如“狼心狗肺”、“狗腿子”、“猪狗不如”、“狐朋狗党”等，[5]（P83）虽然狗也用作看家护院、狩猎、牧羊。狗还常被宰杀烹调，这在西方人看来是非常不能接受的。中国人对狗的态度在谚语中可以体现出来，如：狗眼看人低。 好狗不挡道。 狗嘴里吐不出象牙。 狗改不了吃屎。 痛打落水狗。而狗在西方人眼中不仅是狩猎、看门、工作的得力可靠的好帮手，更是生活中重要的伴侣和朋友，是抚慰人们寂寞空虚生活不可缺少的一部分，甚至将其视为家中的成员，与狗有着深厚的感情。在西方还有发生狗死后，为其安葬立碑的事。因此，狗的形象在英语谚语中是褒义的，人们对狗是怜爱、赞赏的。英语谚语之中，常常以狗的形象来比喻人的行为。如：You are a lucky 你是一个幸运儿。 Every dog has its 各人皆有出头之日。 Old dog will not learn new 老人学不了新东西。 Love me， love my 爱屋及乌。而英语中兔子常代表胆怯，但汉语中与“胆怯”相联系的动物形象则是老鼠。因此有谚语“气壮如牛，胆小如鼠”；英语民族常用狮子比喻力量、雄威，所以有谚语：March comes in like a lion and goes out like a 三月来如猛狮；去如羔羊。Every dog is a lion at 狗是百步王，只在门前狠。A lion may be beholden to a 老鼠也能帮狮子；弱者也能帮强者。这里因为狮子多产于非洲、印度等地，而英国历史上与这些地区或国家有着很深的关系。而我国不产狮子，无论南方北方都产老虎。[6]（P73）从前，老虎数量繁多，常出没山林，侵扰人民，甚至危害人命。人们认为虎为百兽之王，对虎十分敬畏，有“养虎为患”、“伴君如伴虎”的说法，把虎看作力量、威武、雄壮的象征，因此产生了许多关于与老虎有关的谚语。例如：山中无老虎，猴子称大王。 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 虎毒不食子 初生牛犊不怕虎。五、 民族性格中西方由于各自生存环境的差异，以及人们对自身环境的不同应战，发展出各自不同的社会文明，从而产生了不同的文化取向、价值观念、性格特征。在古希腊，由于土地的贫瘠，海上通道的开辟，再加上频繁的战争和几次大规模的民族迁徙，使得他们很早就发展起商业经济，创造了人类最古老的商业文明。西方成了典型的商业社会，人们从事着频繁的商业活动，正所谓“The English are a nation of shop-”（英国全民皆商，外表富强）。经商的成效不在天地鬼神而在自己，在于自己的才干。[7]（P22-23）商场中的竞争激烈、优胜劣汰、你失我得，这形成了西方人个人意识较强、重视个人作用、个人独立自主、个人利益的个人主义思想。Self comes 自我利益是第一位的。Everyman for himself and God for us 个人为自己，上帝为大家。Near is my shirt， but nearer is my 自己的利益最切身。Self-preservation is the first law of 保存自己是自然界的第一法则。He who depends on another dines ill and sups 指望别人，难有好吃喝。而经商见效快、获利多、风险大，也养成了西方人急功近利、富于进取、敢于冒险的流动性格。If at first you don’t succeed， try， try， try Forbidden fruit is Catch as catch Discontent is the first step in Life is a battle from cradle to 人生是一场从摇篮到坟墓的战斗。Life， to be worthy of a rational being， must be always in 人生必须永远前进，才不愧为有理智的人。Fortune favors the 勇者天佑。个人主义思想使西方人重视突出个人，喜欢表现自己的个性，乐于标新立异，爱出风头，尊重个性、自我，并鼓励个性发展，对别人因个性表现出的任何形态都能够理解接受，这可以在谚语中体现出来。It’s squeaky wheel that gets the 吱吱叫的轮子先上油。Tastes 个人品位不同。Every man after his 个人追求个人的风格。 If you’ve got it， flaunt 这句谚语来源于一部The producer的美国电影。意思是如果你有钱、本事、美貌或性感，就应该让人瞧瞧。[8]（P334）而以农业为根本的中国人则截然不同，农业的收获往往不在耕种者，而是老天。人的意志如何强大也阻止不了干旱、洪水、风暴等天灾的来临。[7]（P23）另外农业见效慢，而一年一度的丰收来自于长期的扎扎实实、坚持不懈的努力劳动，这形成了中国人思想意识中安定保守、善于坚持忍耐、缺乏冒险、知足的性格的特质。[5]（P23）

唉唉，跨文化交际的“研究”势头很猛啊。居然有这么多在校的本科生或研究生关注这一话题，无论是出于自身发展的需要还是毕业的需要。倒也是，学语言就是学文化，只要你学英语你就是在从事跨文化交际活动。问题是你从事跨文化交际活动未必是在搞跨文化研究啊。哦，我也知道说这些没用。于是乎我本着为英语学习者服务到底的态度，打算凭自己的经验为有此需要但却无所适从的朋友们专门写些指南类的东西，以不负这些朋友对我的信任。今天谈第一个相关问题，就是怎么写这方面的论文。 [1] 经验“论文”：比如说你是一名教师，校里要开个教学经验交流会，你就可以按汉语的行文方式来写。先盖个帽，说跨文化交际对教学这般这般重要，你在教学中啊从几个具体方面着手去体现这种跨文化交际教学的思想，结果哩，反响不错，取得了什么什么样的成绩，最后发表一下感想和畅想就成了。这样的论文实际上不叫论文，叫感想或者工作总结。遗憾的是有许多人把这种感想也拿出来公开发表。换句话说，这第一种“论文” 是垃圾，这样的论文一出来，懂行的人就知道你跟本就不懂什么是科研，什么叫论文。要想避免写出这种层次的论文，首先就要丰富自己的相关理论知识，知道国内外在这方面都有哪些研究，研究到了什么地步，还有哪些研究得不够得由你去研究等等。否则你就只能通篇用“我觉得”“我的经验表明”这样苍白的字眼来遮羞，或者用八荣八耻来凑字。不知道我说明白没。 [2] 本科生毕业论文：这是网友们要求我给以帮助要求得最多的方面了，那我就好好说说。首先，一句感慨：本科生能写出什么论文啊？哦，我不是瞧不起本科生噢，只是以事论事。记得三年前我在一个英语聊天室请教过几位海外华人朋友有关论文写作的问题，他们给我的第一句话也是这样：“研究生能写出什么论文啊？”由于我不是博士，所以我就只能厚着脸皮站在硕士的高度给各位提建议了。好，现在我们来做双向思考：本科生写不出什么论文来。原因在于，这四年来不都是在学英语么，没谁给讲过怎么搞科研怎么写论文啊，就是讲了，不也没时间搞么，不是四级就是八级，再不就是口笔译证书、二外、考研等等，忙完了这些，不还得找找工作什么的啊？理由很充足，写不出来正常，写得好就不正常。换个角度来思考：为什么本科生要设个毕业论文呢？简单啊，你已具备了运用英语的基本能力，你的下一步发展必然要向某个专业化方向发展啊。毕业论文便是为你向专业化发展所做的一个铺垫性的工作，让你先了解一下专业化工作的基本程序。嗯，这么一分析我估计你就会明白，学校对你的论文的期望值不高或者说不会是很高。至于怎么个写法，你得接着往下读，哈哈。 [3] 职称论文：本科毕业后，不管你从事什么样的职业，只要你要评职称，就得发表论文，省级的或者是国家级的。以教师系列论，助理讲师—讲师—副教授—教授这四个档对论文的要求也不一样。不过，这样的论文是最好写的，国家级的要求有科研及论文写作真本事，在这里就不必谈了，你要是能写这类论文，就不会在这里读我的文章。而省级的论文哩，也很好写的。这类论文啊，可以大致再细分为三类：（1）科研类（我要讲的便以它为导向），用真实的科研数据从事前沿性的研究，是真正的论文；（2）盗版类，盗取他人的科研成果为已所用（有的直接把文章拿过来换一下作者名就发，有的是从三篇同题论文中各取三分之一拼凑而成，有的则要辛苦点把外文译成汉语再标明为自己原创），这类论文大多瞒不过教授或专家的火眼金晴，但瞒一些校报编辑则游刃有余，其是也谈不上什么瞒，毕竟你所写的东西除了可以用于评职外，实际上没几个人会看的，版权问题自然也不用担心。（3）自修类，并不是很懂科研，但自学过一些论文写作方面的东西，也可以搞点儿研究或者说是编点儿研究，按照论文的格式来写，虽谈不上有什么学术价值，但至少是自己闭门造车写成的，也算是对得起良心。所以说啊，搞懂了写作思路，权衡一下自己的实力，也就知道怎么去写这类论文了。我个人觉得这类论文最难写的地方不在其内容本身，而在于其严格的字数要求及各学报自成一体的格式要求。对于这一类论文的质量问题，我有一条根深蒂固的主观评判标准，那就是给你钱发表的是优质论文，你付钱发表的是良、可、劣质论文。我知道这一标准是不正确的，但我坚持。由此看来，我到目前为止所发表的全不是优质论文，但有优质译文，所以我觉得对我个人的发展而言，写论文不如搞翻译。 [4] 研究生论文：研究生论文之不同于本科生论文的地方在于它的正规化与专业化，至少也得由一年的时间来认真完成。而它不同于科研类职称论文的地方则在于它缺少真正的科研支持。研究生就象是个书生，搞得多是纸上谈兵的事儿。当然，受过名师指点的研究生另当别论，只可惜现在研究生与导师比例失调，想得到悉心的指点有点儿不切实际。比较实际的做法啊，就是写二手论文，至于什么是二手论文，我在后面会详细提及。 [5] 博士论文：没写过，无可奉告。 找到自己的位置了么？我喜欢写的是我的分类中的科研类职称论文，因此在后续的文章中我会按这一标准来介绍跨文化交际论文的写法，你可以以这种正规的写法做参照点，然后去实现你自己的目的。

文化差异与跨文化交际论文1500字

写作思路：首先提出跨文化交流的意义，提出跨文化交流的重要性，写到跨文化交流的解决办法与做法。跨文化交际是指将跨文化、商务、交际三个要素结合在一起， 进而演变成一个全新的文化领域。在当前的商务活动中， 跨文化交际通常包括跨文化的商务交际礼仪及商务人员的跨文化交际能力等， 其中商务人员的跨文化交际能力直接会影响到国际商务活动的开展， 面对的当前在国际商务中存在的跨文化交际问题需要国家有针对性的培养商务人员的跨文化商务交际能力， 保障商务活动的顺利开展。1、 跨文化交际在国际商务中的重要性国际商务是指在整个世界范围内的各种贸易交流的总和， 随着经济全球化趋势的不断加强以及国际市场的不断完善， 国际商务活动的开展在促进世界范围内经济共同发展上起到了巨大的作用。而且国际商务活动的开展给不同文化背景的国家和人们都提供了交流平台， 这种跨文化交流在实施过程中又进一步的促进了全国范围内的经济发展， 使其现代企业能够突破国内市场的桎梏， 继而在国际市场的舞台上大显身手， 实现自身企业的规模化发展以及可持续发展。同时， 现代企业在跨文化交流过程中也需要从同文化背景下的人们思想观念和行为方式出发， 全面提高跨文化交际能力， 为国际商务活动的开展奠定基础。国际商务跨文化交际问题与解决建议2、 在国际商务中存在的跨文化交际问题2。1、 跨文化交际中的语言差异问题。在国际商务的跨文化交际中， 各国之间的文化差异就是交际过程中面临的最大问题， 其中语言是国家文化的代表， 也是文化得以继续传承的重要载体， 其在跨文化交际中还承担着实现人们交流的重要功能， 可以说， 国际商务中的任何一项活动得到开展都需要语言作为依托， 同样， 语言的差异存在的交际问题也是当前跨文化交际中存在的最重要的问题。以中文和英文为例， 虽然在国际商务中翻译可以为交易双方提供方便， 但是中文的表达往往会比较委婉， 翻译并不能就中文所表达出的内涵意义进行分析， 相反的英文就会比较直接简单， 这就使得双方在交流过程中往往只会了解字面意思， 容易使双方对彼此表达的意思产生误解， 从而影响跨文化商务交际的顺利进行。2。2、 跨文化交际中的思维方式差异问题。思维方式是人们看待事物的角度、方式和方法的总和， 决定着人们思考问题的根本方法， 而在国际商务的跨文化交际中， 思维方式往往会直接影响交易者的行为方式。由于东、西方文化的差异较大， 其思维方式也存在较大的差异， 以中国为代表的东方文化主要是以形象思维为主体， 注重综合思维， 尤其喜欢迂回的方式， 而西方国家会比较注重分析思维， 偏向理性、逻辑和实证， 因而东方思维会偏向模糊， 西方则是偏向精确， 以上思维方式的差异会使得国际商务的开展存在交易上的阻碍。2。3、 跨文化交际中的价值观念差异问题。价值观念的不同会影响人们对同一商品的价值判断， 这也是影响国际商务活动的重要因素， 而且价值观念的不同使得交易双方极易在针对商品价值的制定以及合同的签订上出现分歧， 影响下一步的商务合作。2。4 、跨文化交际中的习俗差异问题。风俗习惯的差异不仅存在于各国之间， 同一国中也会因风俗习惯产生争议。而在国家上午中的跨文化交际中， 风俗习惯的不同极有可能会引发交易矛盾， 影响商务活动的开展， 不利于跨文化交际的顺利开展。3、 解决国际商务跨文化交际问题的建议在国际商务中， 各国之间由于政治背景、文化背景、经济背景等方面存在的差异导致跨文化交际出现各种各样的问题， 尤其是现代企业要想在国际市场上占据有利地位就必须要提高自身的跨文化交际能力， 商务人员的跨文化交际是国际商务活动开展得基础， 因而需要企业有针对性的培养商务人员的跨文化商务交际能力， 保障企业的国际商务活动顺利开展。3。1 、培养商务人员对不同国家文化的理解能力。国际商务中的跨文化交际问题无一例外都是因为国家所具备的不同文化， 因而在对上午人员的培养过程中首先就是要培养其对不同国家文化的理解能力， 使其能够理解并接受不同国家文化的差异。因而在培养过程中需要商务人员对不同的文化现象、模式及不同国家的文化差异有一定的观察力和理解力， 要求商务人员能熟练掌握不同国家的生活习俗、思维模式及社会价值观等。以便商务人员在国家商务的跨文化交际中能够根据不同国家不同地区的其文化背景适当的调节交际方法， 从而从实际出发去分析并解决问题。3。2、 提高商务人员对跨文化交际问题的解决能力。当出现跨文化交际问题时， 如果能够及时有效的解决问题也有可能力挽狂澜、扭转战局， 因而还需要提高商务人员对跨文化交际问题的解决能力。这就需要商务人员具有较好的应变能力， 根据实际情况采用妥协、竞争、回避等方法， 审时度势， 确保际商务跨文化交际能顺利的进行， 促进商务合作和交易。结语：综上所述， 跨文化交际是当前积极融入国际市场得重要手段， 在国际商务中所出现得跨文化交际问题在一定程度上阻碍了国际商务活动的开展， 不利于世界经济范围内的共同发展， 因此我国现代企业需要认清形势， 加大投入， 有针对性的提高商务人员的跨文化交际能力， 以便促进国际商务的顺利开展， 实现企业自身的可持续发展。

年终评审就靠它了。。。。。