关于人口方面的论文摘要英文怎么说

关于人口方面的论文摘要英文怎么说

Moves towards old age and developed country population old agedevelopment while the world population， the Chinese population old agealso is The population old age production， is preciselythe society progresses， the economical development The Chinesepopulation transforms was generally considered the beginningestablishes new China， at first was the mortality rate obviously andrapidly But the nationwide fertility rate transfers 变则 thebeginning to 20th century 70's initial period country birth controlpolicy involvement， and rapidly changes the low fertility rate levelby the high fertility rate Thus， the population old age hascaused the question which the labor force population burdenunceasingly increases， has affected our country social economydevelopment， and to corresponding material and the spiritual variousaspects and so on infrastructure， legal system construction set thenew Had issued in view of this situation nation old age committee "theChinese Old age Enterprise Develops" 十15 "Plan"， proposed "十15"period， China is caring for the aged the safeguard， the medicalsafeguard， the social rescue and so on， as well as the old ageenterprise infrastructure construction， the old age industry， aspectand so on old age spirit culture life must realize goal and Wealready must correctly understand the Chinese population old ageformation reason， the basic characteristic， the development tendencyas well as possibly produce the social economy consequence， needs toclarify the population old age to the social economy movement and thesustainable development Only this， can enhancepolicy-making the scientific nature and the feasibility， solves thegood population old age problem， for implements the sustainabledevelopmental strategy creation advantageous population Through to the population old age scientific connotation limits， isclear about the our country population old age Through topopulation old age evolution process research， key elaboration ourcountry population old age characteristic and its to economy， societyand family and so on various aspects influence， thus solves owninsufficiency， proposes the solution population old age questioncorresponding countermeasure 关键词：Key word: Population old age population burden old age social securitysustainable development

<> Abstract:The private economy has been a vital part of national economy ，which play an very important role in the some of spheres ，such as advance of economy ，innovation technology，satisfaction of employment，and so but， as The private industory which was the main of private economy， especially SMEs there are some problem in management and devalopment of HR of SMEs ，such as lack of reasonable concept of employment ，blurredly organizational structure ，blurred concept of talent，management of emolument，distemperedness of performance reviews and training systems ，hey badly influence healthy evolution of private enterprise The macro environment impact them ，more reason of internal factors ，above all quality and consciousness of private enterprise can't be orderly and sound development ，unless improve and solve above all sort of problems as soon as

Community immunization programs for children in liquidity factors and countermeasures [Abstract] ：Wuxi as economically developed cities， the urban native population has far exceeded the population of permanent Increase in foreign population will inevitably cause the increased flow of children has become the urban communities to implement national EPI important and difficult work， based on years of practice in immunization program， affecting movement of children in urban communities， the management system in immunization programs ， parents， staff and other factors in the analysis， and from the perspective of urban communities for the establishment of relevant laws and regulations， strengthen the government's leadership， department coordination， to carry out targeted publicity and education， vaccination clinics to promote the standardization of building， strengthening the management of migrant children and other appropriate measures for the relevant departments to develop a targeted immunization strategy to provide a Key words ：community mobility factors affecting children's immunization program strategies

you all know that China is a great country with a long history In this developing country ，you could find a serious Its china's With this problem china can't develop in its own way It causes many problems ，such as working and environment

关于人口方面的论文摘要英文

Of the world's population aging and the aging of the population in developed countries the same time， China's aging population has The aging of the population have is social progress and economic China's population changes are generally believed to have started in the founding of new China， the mortality rate is initially clear and rapid And the national fertility rate change is the 20th century began in the early 1970s to the national family planning policy intervention and quickly from the high level of fertility to low fertility Thus， the aging of the population has led to the burden of the working population growing problems affecting China's social and economic development， as well as the corresponding infrastructure， legal system and other material and the spirit of building the new In view of this situation the National Committee on Aging issued a "development of the cause of aging，" 11th Five-Year "plan" the "11th Five-Year Plan" period， China's old-age security， medical insurance， social relief， and the cause of aging infrastructure construction， older industries， the elderly spiritual and cultural life， and other fields to achieve the objectives and We should correctly understand China's population aging of the formation， basic features， Development trends and possible socio-economic consequences， more to be cognizant of the aging of the population and sustainable socio-economic operations Only then can we make decision-making more scientific and feasibility of solving the problem of aging to the implementation of a sustainable development strategy to create an enabling environment for the Based on the aging of the population scientific content defined clearly China's aging population Based on the aging of the population evolution of the study focuses on the aging of China's population and the characteristics of the economy， society and the family， as well as the impact， so as to solve their own inadequate solve the problem of aging population in the corresponding

you all know that China is a great country with a long history In this developing country ，you could find a serious Its china's With this problem china can't develop in its own way It causes many problems ，such as working and environment

China's strict family-planning policy of limiting parents to one child has made its population growth rate one of the lowest in the developing 中国严格计划生育把父母限制在一孩子的政策， 使中国的人口增长率成为最低在这个发展中的世界。Education on birth control is mainly targeted at young married China makes abortion readily available as the government is intensely worried that the population may grow too fast。 More than 13 million abortions at registered clinics every year and nearly half the women who have abortions do not use any form of birth 教育节育主要是针对年轻夫妇。当政府强烈担心人口可能增长得太迅速时，中国使堕胎容易可提供。每年在被记录的门诊部的超过1300万次堕胎 而且将近一半的妇女拥有堕胎不使用任何形式的控制生育。They emphasized the virtues of late marriage which did lower the birth 他们强调了晚婚姻的美德， 这也降低出生率。If a couple is composed of two people without siblings， then they may have two children of their own， thus preventing too dramatic of a population 如果一对夫妇没有兄弟姐妹， 那么，他们可以有二孩子，因此防止也戏剧性的人口减少。In 2050-2070， there will be so many old people for the society to support， but there are so few work force at that To solve this problem， to increase the birth rate is a At the same time， people who are not qualified to have the second child still need to follow the one child Violation will subject to fine of 2 times of annual household income， and other 在2050-2070年，将会有很多老人需要社会的帮助，但是在那时会有很少的劳工。解决这个问题，增加出生率是选择。上海是在第一个公开鼓励是在有第2 个孩子但是是在一对夫妇没有兄弟姐妹的情况下。同时，没有合格有第二个孩子仍然需要跟随这一个孩子的政策。破坏将以罚款为条件2 倍的每年家庭收入，以及其他处罚。

This is really aserious problem we should pay attention to！So this topic is quite meanfulling！so net collected this essay for you！ The human race has experienced aconsistent increase in population since the beginning of its Famine and disease have done little to offset(抵消)this steady Too many people are added annually to the population of the So both the causes of population increase and the results of having more people are worth careful Culture evolution is the major factor responsible for population Early in human development，people invented tools to hunt Later they built shelters to protect Step by step，they made life As aresult，fewer died from natural forces，such as harsh climate and In the past，when population grew，there was unexplored territory to But now，almost all the habitable land has been The world's population may reach 7billion in It is clear that world population is aserious issue that needs careful Human beings are unique to solve problems through cultural (发展)Facing the world population explosion in the near We must carry out the birth control program in order to save the mankind and save the

关于人口方面的论文摘要英文版

Population to Be Curbed Nothing in today’s world is as big a problem as that of People begin to worry about the support capacity of the And there might be only standing room for each person in the Lima’s population was 7 million in 1985 but it grew to 1 million in Tianjin’s was 9 million in In 2000， it boosted to 7 Such cities as London， Osaka， Moscow， Beijing， Karachi， Delhi， Jakarta， Seoul， and Teheran are having a similar population Calcutta， Shanghai， New York， and Sto Paulo see a faster population Tokyo had 8 million in In 2000 it turned into 2 Mexico city had 3 million people in 1985， but in 2000， its population reached 8 million!What does the population growth mean? It means greater and greater consumption and greater pressure for the If more people are added to the world population without our being alert or taking any action， we would have only standing room by the end of the 21st Each government and the UN should see that population of each country and each city stops growing for the next fifty 网上找的一篇范文

Canada don't has many population But china is

About the courseThis survery course introduces students to the important basic material on human fertility，population growth，the demographic transition and population Topics include:the human and environmental dimensions of population pressure，demographic history，economic and cultural causes of demographic change，environmental carrying capacity and Political，religious and ethical issues surrounding fertility are also The lectures and readings attempt to balance theoretical and demographic scale analysis with studies of individual humans and The perspective is globaa with both developed and developing countries 本次调查过程中向学生介绍有关人类生育的重要基本材料，人口增长，人口转变和人口政策。 主题包括：人口压力，人口历史的人类和环境方面的问题;人口变化，环境的承载能力和经济和文化的可持续发展。 政治，宗教和道德问题围绕：生育杀婴，堕胎，避孕，重男轻女，政府强制，移民和妇女地位。 这些讲座和阅读试图分析人类个体和整个社会形成的人口规模与理论上的平衡。 该观点涵盖了全球发达国家和发展中国家。 争论的原因是医疗和人口迅速增长的影响等问题。

This is really aserious problem we should pay attention to！So this topic is quite meanfulling！so net collected this essay for you！ The human race has experienced aconsistent increase in population since the beginning of its Famine and disease have done little to offset(抵消)this steady Too many people are added annually to the population of the So both the causes of population increase and the results of having more people are worth careful Culture evolution is the major factor responsible for population Early in human development，people invented tools to hunt Later they built shelters to protect Step by step，they made life As aresult，fewer died from natural forces，such as harsh climate and In the past，when population grew，there was unexplored territory to But now，almost all the habitable land has been The world's population may reach 7billion in It is clear that world population is aserious issue that needs careful Human beings are unique to solve problems through cultural (发展)Facing the world population explosion in the near We must carry out the birth control program in order to save the mankind and save the

关于人口问题的论文摘要英文怎么说

you all know that China is a great country with a long history In this developing country ，you could find a serious Its china's With this problem china can't develop in its own way It causes many problems ，such as working and environment

Summary: China has already entered the aging population society at present， with the increase and extension of human life-span of old population， the elderly's health status and life quality cause people's attention more and Research indicates， happy in old age when the elderly's life quality influences the elderly The elderly's life quality is important indexes of weighing result of supporting parents， and the subjective happiness sense is the important index of influencing the elderly's life Study the subjective happiness sense of the elderly， facilitate improving their life quality， reflect the harmonious society's human-oriented essential We mainly regard the elderly in the urban area of Xuzhou as the research object， study their subjective happiness sense state by questionnaire investigation and case interview， understand its subjective happiness sense's overall state and influence The result of study shows: According to overall situation， subjective happiness sense levels of the elderly are relatively high; The elderly that the individual character is comparatively optimistic， its sense level of subjective happiness is relatively high; The elderly of the marriage with better relation， its sense level of subjective happiness is relatively high; The elderly with better economic situation， its sense level of subjective happiness is relatively high; Different factors have different influence on subjective happiness sense of the elderly on function， other factors influence the subjective happiness sense through the individual Keyword: The elderly， happy sense， subjective happiness sense， social work

Canada don't has many population But china is

Of the world's population aging and the aging of the population in developed countries the same time， China's aging population has The aging of the population have is social progress and economic China's population changes are generally believed to have started in the founding of new China， the mortality rate is initially clear and rapid And the national fertility rate change is the 20th century began in the early 1970s to the national family planning policy intervention and quickly from the high level of fertility to low fertility Thus， the aging of the population has led to the burden of the working population growing problems affecting China's social and economic development， as well as the corresponding infrastructure， legal system and other material and the spirit of building the new In view of this situation the National Committee on Aging issued a "development of the cause of aging，" 11th Five-Year "plan" the "11th Five-Year Plan" period， China's old-age security， medical insurance， social relief， and the cause of aging infrastructure construction， older industries， the elderly spiritual and cultural life， and other fields to achieve the objectives and We should correctly understand China's population aging of the formation， basic features， Development trends and possible socio-economic consequences， more to be cognizant of the aging of the population and sustainable socio-economic operations Only then can we make decision-making more scientific and feasibility of solving the problem of aging to the implementation of a sustainable development strategy to create an enabling environment for the Based on the aging of the population scientific content defined clearly China's aging population Based on the aging of the population evolution of the study focuses on the aging of China's population and the characteristics of the economy， society and the family， as well as the impact， so as to solve their own inadequate solve the problem of aging population in the corresponding

关于人口方面的论文摘要怎么写

针对人口问题的政策及其效果人口问题及相应政策针对人口问题应做出的政策调整

我 也 要写····不过是高一的······

从以人为本看我国人口问题与生育政策

浅论我国城市贫困人口问题贫困是一个社会问题，还是一个贫困人口自身必须面对的个人问题?尽管存在着许多不同的看法，但大多数学者都认为，对于贫困的理解要在更大的社会系统背景中进行，而不是仅仅关注贫困人口这一亚文化群体。从某种程度上来说，贫困是一个经济匮乏的现实，但贫困的持续以及在其持续的过程中引发并连带的其他相关问题(如犯罪、受教育程度低下等)表明，改善贫困人口的物质生活条件并不足以减少所有与贫困相关的问题。当前，我国社会正处于转型期这一宏观背景中，对城市贫困人口问题的理解离不开这一背景。何谓“转型期”?在我国社会学学者的论述中，主要有三方面的理解:一是指体制转型，即从计划经济体制向市场经济体制的转变。二是指社会结构变动，持这一观点的学者认为，社会转型的主体是社会结构，它是指一种整体的和全面的结构状态过渡，而不仅仅是某些单项发展指标的实现。社会转型的具体内容包含结构转换、机制转轨、利益调整和观念转变。在社会转型时期，人们的行为方式、生活方式、价值体系都会发生明显的变化。三是指社会形态变迁，即指中国社会从传统社会向现代社会、从农业社会向工业社会、从封闭性社会向开放性社会的社会变迁和发展。当前我国社会转型具备以上涉及的所有情况。何谓“城市贫困人口”?国内具有代表性的定义认为，城市贫困人口产生于特定的社会背景中，主要表现为:部分社会成员由于缺乏必要的资源而在一定程度上被剥夺了正常获得生活资料和参与经济和社会活动的权利，并使他们的生活持续性地低于社会的常规生活标准[1]。文森特·帕里罗在《当代社会问题》一书中指出，公认的社会问题一般具备四个要素:第一，它们对个人或社会造成物质或精神损害;第二，它们触犯了社会里一些权力集团的价值观或准则;第三，它们持续很长时间;第四，由于处于不同社会地位的群体会作出不同评判，对它们的解决方案也往往多种多样，因而在如何解决的问题上难以达成一致[2](P6-13)。这四个要素可以简单归纳为四点:即对个人或社会的损害;对权力集团标准的触犯;持续性;过多的解决方案。本文将基于上述对我国目前处于社会转型期的理解，以及界定社会问题的四个要素来论述当前我国城市贫困人口问题。一、转型期与城市贫困人口新中国成立以前，城市贫困人口占城市总人口的比重不低于60%，城市贫困人口相当普遍。从新中国成立到20世纪80年代中后期，城市中基本上不存在贫困人口，存在的是与全国农村基本一致的“共同贫困”人口，全国人民都在“共同贫困”的状态下生活着，这从某种意义上意味着城市贫困人口面临的问题相当严重。进入改革开放以来，允许一部分人、一部分地区先富裕起来以带动全体人民共同富裕的政策号召，打破了“共同贫困”的局面，人们的生活水平有了很大的提高，出现了许多百万富翁，但随之也产生社会收入分配不均的问题，城市中贫困人口逐年上升[3]。随着改革开放的进一步扩展，社会转型和城市社会结构的急剧变迁，城市经济体制改革的不断深化，国有企业进行了全面的改组和调整，这使城市下岗职工迅速增加。在当前社会救济制度和失业保险尚未健全的条件下，相当一部分的失业和下岗人员在再就业之前就已经进入城市贫困人口的行列，同时，一些退休较早和仅依赖退休金生活的老年人也极易陷入贫困。除此以外，在社会转型这一特殊历史时期，城市中还存在着大量农民工，他们往往收入较少、缺乏社会保障，也容易成为城市中的贫困人口。根据官方统计，截止到2008年3月31日，中国城市贫困人口有2200万人，平均保障标准为每人每月173元人民币。中国社会科学院发表的研究报告则表明，城市贫困人口规模被低估了，实际数目约4600万人，占总城镇人口的8%，这个比例要高于农村[4]。城市贫困人口的扩大，不仅会导致城市贫困家庭生活困难，而且还会引发城市社会中的一系列其他相关问题。二、城市贫困人口问题对个人和社会的损害因贫困造成的后果，不仅对贫困人口本身有害，也对社会有害。首先，对于城市贫困人口自身及其家庭来说，贫困的现实对他们的健康、教育、就业、住房、家庭生活等各个方面都有着一定程度的损害。在商业化的城市社会中，贫困人口的购买力低下，这不仅会导致他们在物质生活方面困难，而且还会导致他们难以平等地享用城市教育、医疗及其他各方面的服务。城市贫困人口在这些方面的落后会使他们的文化素质和生理素质低于非贫困人口，从而间接地导致他们的社会阶层地位下降，同时，也导致“贫困代际传递”，使他们的下一代仍可能面临贫困的窘境。另外，随着社会经济的不断发展，大多数人的生活水平日益提高，而贫困人口却无法公平地像非贫困人口一样享受到社会经济发展带来的生活质量提高，从某种程度上来说，这是对贫困人口的一种社会排斥。其次，城市贫困人口问题的存在也对社会有着负面影响，表现在以下几方面:第一，城市贫困人口问题制约着国民经济的健康发展。城市贫困人口劳动力资源优势不能充分发挥，影响社会生产的增长，从而制约社会的供给水平;城市贫困人口群体由于经济条件匮乏，消费能力和水平都低下，从而制约消费需求的扩大。第二，城市贫困人口问题制约着城市化的发展。农民变为市民是城市化的必经之路，而日益增多的城市贫困人口极大地制约了我国城市化的进程。第三，城市贫困人口的增多以及贫困程度的加剧影响社会的稳定。城市贫困人口大多是由社会原因造成，社会保障在一定程度上解决了部分贫困人口的最低生存需求，但在健康、教育和社交方面，这些人口许多最起码的需求还是无法得到满足，而且还面临社会歧视、子女教育等精神和心理上的压力。现实生活中面临的这些问题和心理的不公平感可能会刺激他们发生越轨行为甚至犯罪，从而危害社会的安定与团结[3]。三、城市贫困人口问题对某些权力集团标准的触犯文森特·帕里罗在解释“对权力集团标准的触犯”这一要素时指出:“所有社会都包括若干个阶层或等级，它们有不同程度的权力和声望……然而更为通常的情况是以经济为基础划分的等级，统治阶层的划分主要是由人们的职业威望及财富累积所决定的。地位较高的人明显地拥有最多的权力和制定社会规程、决定政策以及推进社会活动的影响力。”[2](P7)在我国，情况却有所不同。职业威望及财富累积只能用来决定它们的拥有者在社会分层中的位置，而社会规程、政策等是由国家的政府部门根据最广大人民的意愿制定的。如果说我国的城市贫困人口触犯了某些权力集团的标准，那么，更多地意味着城市贫困人口问题给政府管理社会及调动社会发展带来一定的麻烦，以及政府为解决贫困问题进行收入再分配而引起“富人阶层”的不满，这在一定程度上便是城市贫困人口问题间接地触犯了“富人阶层”的利益。一方面，城市贫困人口的大量出现以及由此所引发的一系列其他社会问题制约着社会、经济等的顺利发展;另一方面，政府为解决贫困问题势必要实施针对贫困人口的社会保障、社会救济、医疗保险等，而用于这些措施的经济支出来源于国家税收，这样，城市贫困人口问题也就间接地触犯到税收对象(有一定收入的人)的利益。从这两方面来说，我国城市贫困人口问题也会触犯到社会中某些权力集团的价值观或准则。四、城市贫困人口问题的持续性在我国，虽然贫困问题早已存在，但城市贫困人口问题是在体制改革的过程中凸显出来的，主要是制度性贫困。从计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨的过程中，过去相当长时期内形成的一整套就业、住房、教育、医疗以及退休等社会保障已失去了效用，而适应市场经济体制的社会保障体制正在逐步的健全中，在这种形势下，城市中原有体制下的获益者成为体制变革的利益受损者。那些教育水平相对较低、不具有劳动力技能的体力劳动者或接近退休年龄的没有一技之长的工人成为被劳动力市场首先抛弃的人，这些人的生活水平下降或直接步入贫困的行列。然而，在社会转型期，经济体制的变革将会是一个长期的过程，制度性的下岗与失业不是短期内能够解决的问题，随之，这部分城市贫困人口会长期存在。此外，随着转型期城市化进程的加快，农村贫困人口也逐渐向城市中蔓延。世界银行的Martin Ravallion (2001)分析表明，发展中国家在城市化过程中，贫困人口向城市集中的速度要快于城市化速度，结果造成了发展中国家的农村贫困快速地向城市移动[5]。城市化发展是中国社会转型不可避免的趋势，取缔户籍制度和城乡经济融合成为持续经济增长的内在要求，当大量农村人口和劳动力选择在城市定居生活之后，如果城市经济增长不能提供充足的就业机会，城市仍将他们排斥在城市福利政策和公共服务大门之外，这些庞大的边缘化人口就极易演变成脆弱的群体，加大城市贫困人口的数量。可见，在当前社会转型期的大背景中，城市贫困人口将会随着经济体制的转变和城市化的发展而持续地存在。五、对城市贫困人口问题的过多解决方案为解决我国城市贫困人口问题，政府实施了一系列的对策。例如，针对下岗职工的“两个确保”，即确保国有企业下岗职工基本生活，确保企业离退休人员养老金按时足额发放;针对全国城镇人口的最低生活保障制度;城市失业人员的免费再就业培训;城市社区公共服务以及城市扶贫小额信贷等。虽然这些措施的实施都取得了一定的成效，但没有最终消除城市贫困人口，一部分城市贫困人口“脱贫”以后不久就又“返贫”，城市贫困人口问题依然随着转型期社会的发展而存在，并演变出更多的城市社会问题。综合以上分析，在我国转型期的这一社会背景下，城市贫困人口不仅给自身及其家庭造成一定程度的损害，也给社会的良性运行带来不利影响，同时，城市贫困人口的存在在一定程度上也直接或间接地触犯到社会中其他一些阶层的利益和准则。不仅如此，城市贫困人口问题将会随着社会转型的长期性而在我国社会结构中持续很长一段时间。虽然我国针对贫困出台过非常多的解决办法，但是城市贫困人口问题仍未得到妥善的解决，因为城市贫困人口问题植根于我国社会转型这一社会背景中。由此可见，在我国社会转型时期，城市贫困人口问题是一个社会问题。