国际金融相关论文5000字开头英文名

国际金融相关论文5000字开头英文名

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。　　2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）　　3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。　　4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。　　主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。　　5、论文正文：　　（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。　　〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：　　提出-论点；　　分析问题-论据和论证；　　解决问题-论证与步骤；　　结论。　　6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。　　中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：　　（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。　　（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

First， WTO accession on China's financial industry the great challenges　　China's huge， high-speed growth of financial markets and lack of financial deepening， long-term policy to protect China's financial sector to foreign financial consortium constitute the immense attraction of trying to a good opportunity for China's accession to the WTO to enter China's financial market has been the focus of their efforts The United States Commerce Secretary William Daley said the Sino-US WTO negotiations fell the most crucial questions， such as banking and insurance areas of financial 　　April 9， 1999， the United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called Chinese date for accession to WTO and the United States reached an open market These measures， according to the United States in China's accession to the WTO that it would begin to In fact， these so-called Protocol of the United States in fact just the asking price， of which only the agricultural part of complete agreement， other not yet fully The United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called China's accession to the WTO after the financial markets， the openness of the list， from which we can see that the United States and China， asking for specific financial services industry may be subject to the impact of the extent of:　　(1) Banking　　Between the two countries will continue negotiations on this However， China has agreed to join WTO， US-owned banks to foreign customers can immediately provide all the foreign exchange One year after WTO accession， the United States to the Chinese bank can provide customers with foreign exchange business， Sino-US joint-venture banks will be allowed to operate wholly foreign-owned banks will be allowed to operate at 5 years， foreign banks in two years will be allowed to conduct RMB business at 5 During the year the finance retail 　　(2) the securities industry　　At present， the securities， the Chinese will still insist open B-share market， but the A shares should not The US side insists that the opening of the stock For this requirement， China still insists that financial sector liberalization must be gradual and orderly progress， if we do not do so， it will be further subjected to the crisis in Southeast Asian countries to 　　(3) the insurance industry　　US demands China's accession to the WTO， life insurance companies in the foreign shareholding ratio can be up to 50%， add a year later， increased to 51% Non-life insurance companies and reinsurance companies will be allowed at a joint venture insurance companies hold 51 percent stake， and at two years to set up wholly-owned branch 　　With China's accession to the WTO will become the truth， China is striving to provide open financial markets to prepare:　　(1) Chinese department director has been fixed for the opening of RMB business Open RMB business faster than most people probably would exceed expectations， in the "foreseeable future" is very likely at all large and medium-sized city open RMB 　　(2) add at WTO， China will be the first to open RMB business in life insurance and property & casualty insurance As capital markets belong to the securities industry， opening up the speed will be relatively March 20， the China Insurance Regulatory Commission Ma Yongwei， chairman， said the opening up of China's insurance market is a foregone conclusion in the near future， there will be a number of foreign insurance companies enter the Chinese 　　(3) foreign banks will be one year after China's accession to the WTO， China allowed to provide foreign exchange business customers， and two years later for the enterprise business to provide renminbi business activity， and after five years for Chinese individuals to provide financial People's Bank of China will be lifted this year， foreign banks operating branches geographical restrictions， from the current Shanghai， Beijing， Tianjin， Shenzhen and other 23 city extended to all central cities， while the United States formally approved the Shenzhen branch of Citibank， Bank of Tokyo JAPAN Shenzhen sub - Bank to conduct RMB 　　(4) of the securities market， foreign capital eager to enter， but the domestic securities market is not mature enough， and the RMB is not freely convertible， direct foreign investment and opening up is unlikely， in recent years， the China Securities Regulatory Commission once the proposal to examine the formation of Sino-foreign joint investment fund the possibility of us to consider the form of foreign investment funds to enter and take the establishment of Sino-foreign cooperative fund the possibility of 　　From the above analysis we can already feel that China's accession to the WTO， China's financial industry by the face of international financial integration of the great challenges:　　(1) China's financial industry in the long-term barriers to retaining a high degree of policy evaluation， the WT O to add a high degree of market competition after the situation has required a process of Chinese bankers are much， for opening up banking reacted strongly consider in the next five years to completely open up the banking industry， time is very According to the World Bank has long been known as one pairs of Chinese banking industry experts Radi said that the need for around ten years， China's banking sector in order to prepare， in the face of foreign competition in the industry， and not in First of all， the Chinese banking system has yet to be market-oriented reforms to further deepen， at present， four major Chinese state-owned commercial banks are all the Ministry of Finance， the national bank assets accounted for more than 90% of Shenzhen Development Bank are so far the only listed Secondly， non-performing loans of domestic banks within five years， it is difficult to National plans to discount the portion of the debt or sell securities， but this process may be will need to spend a few years or even Reconstruction of the fragile Chinese banking system is that the Chinese Government to allow foreign financial institutions to gain full access to their markets， while domestic financial crisis will not lead to an important 　　(2) the financial services sector in our country's industry has been opening sequence in a relatively backward part of the opening of international financial competition environment has a process of China's financial industry must be limited to opening up the market to prevent the Asian financial turmoil the price of a repeat in C　　(3) China's financial sector， especially state-owned commercial banks in the past the process of non-market operators have accumulated a lot of non-performing loans， which makes US financial sector competition in the market relatively heavy historical 　　Second， actively respond to　　(1) Expand the financial inspection of assets and liabilities of financial institutions to find out the Chinese Government to further guard against financial risks， as well as opening up financial markets to meet the challenges faced， had started a period of 5 months of a general inspection of national financial work out a comprehensive financial institution's assets and the debt Work focused on financial institutions to check the financial position and its non-performing assets in order to regulators of financial institutions nationwide to find out the true state of This will not only help regulators assess the financial risks effectively， and to take appropriate response measures， the gradual elimination of financial institutions， large non-performing 　　(2) in an open domestic market before the director of China's financial department to deal with banks to restructure or to inject more funds into the bank to improve the operation and management principles and the rule of law and set up appropriate regulatory Too fast， opening up the financial industry risk is probably much higher than the strength of foreign investment China's domestic financial system， we should fully absorb the lessons of the Asian crisis: liberalization in the financial industry before， we must strictly regulate the domestic financial system， commercial banks are required to have proper access to capital injection and operation and 　　(3) change their concepts， to face up to the international financial integration of great International financial integration is one of the world inevitable trend of economic development， we are opening up the financial industry overall strategy is unchanged， just add WTO so that the subject had placed earlier in front of At the previous monopoly of the soil protection grew up China's financial industry should face up to the international financial integration of the enormous challenges， we must seriously examine their own point whether there is really strong enough to contend with transnational corporations， the core of our competitiveness where扬长up short， a positive 　　一、加入WTO对中国金融业的巨大挑战　　中国庞大的、高速增长的金融市场和金融深化不足、长期为政策 保护的中国金融业，对外国金融财团构成了巨大的吸引力，试图通过 中国加入WTO的良机进入中国金融市场一直是它们重点努力的方向。 美国商务部长戴利称，中美入世谈判最关键的问题落在银行和保险等 金融服务领域中。　　1999年4月9日，美国贸易代表处单方面公布了所谓中国迄今为加 入WTO与美国达成的市场开放协议。这些措施据美国称将在中国加入 WTO时开始实施。其实这些所谓的协议实际上只是美国的要价，其中 只有农业部分完全达成协议，其他仍未完全达成。美国贸易代表处单 方面公布了所谓中国加入WTO后金融市场开放程度一览表，我们从中 可以看到美国具体的要价和中国金融业可能会受到的冲击程度：　　(1)银行业　　两国仍继续此项目的谈判。但中国已经同意，加入WTO后，美资 银行可立即向外国客户提供所有外汇业务。加入WTO一年后，美国的 银行可向中国客户提供外汇业务，中美合资的银行将立即获准经营， 外国独资银行将在5年内获准经营，外资银行在二年内将获准经营人 民币业务，在5年内经营金融零售业务。　　(2)证券业　　目前就证券而言，中国坚持仍然会开放B股市场，但是A股不能开 放。美方则坚持提出开放整个证券市场。对于这个要求，中国仍然坚 持金融部门的开放必须循序渐进，如果不这样作，就将步遭受危机的 东南亚国家后尘。　　(3)保险业　　美方要求中国加入WTO后，人寿保险公司中外资持股比例可高达 50％，加入一年后，提高至51％。非人寿保险公司和再保险公司将获 准在合资保险公司中持有51％的股份，并可在二年内成立全资的分支 机构。　　随着中国加入世贸组织将成事实，中国也正为开放金融市场做好 准备：　　(1)中国主管部门已订出开放人民币业务的时间表。人民币业务 开放速度之快可能会超出多数人的预期，在“可见的未来”极有可能 在所有大中城市开放人民币业务。　　(2)在加入WTO后，中国将首先开放人民币业务寿险及产险市场。 至于属于资本市场的证券业，开放的速度则会相对较慢。3月20日， 中国保险监督管理委员会主席马永伟表示，中国保险市场的开放大局 已定，在不久的将来，会有多家外国保险公司进入中国市场。　　(3)外资银行将在中国加入WTO一年后，获准为中国客户提供外汇 业务，两年后可为企业商务活动提供人民币业务，而五年后可为中国 个人提供金融服务。中国人民银行今年将取消外资银行营业性分支机 构地域限制，从现在的上海、北京、天津、深圳等23个城市扩大到所 有中心城市，同时正式批准美国花旗银行深圳分行、日本东京银行深 圳分行经营人民币业务。　　(4)证券市场方面，外资渴望进入，但国内证券市场并不成熟， 而且人民币尚不能自由兑换，直接开放外资进入的可能性不大，近年 来中国证监会曾经提出研究组建中外合作投资基金的可能性，我们认 为以基金的形式吸收外资进入，采取组建中外合作基金形式的可能性 极大。　　我们从上述分析中已经可以感受到中国加入WTO后，中国金融业 所面对国际金融一体化的巨大挑战：　　(1)中国金融业长期处于高度的政策壁垒护估之下，对于加入WT O后高度的市场竞争形势需要有个适应过程。 中国许多银行业人士，对于对外开放银行业务反应强烈，认为在 五年内彻底开放银行业，时间是十分急迫的。据世界银行一位对中国 银行业素有研究的专家拉迪指出，大约需要十年，中国银行业才能作 好准备，面对国外同业的竞争，而不致于陷入险境。首先，中国银行 业体制的市场化改革仍有待进一步深化，目前，中国四大国有商业银 行属财政部所有，占全国银行资产的90％以上，深圳发展银行是至今 唯一上市的银行。其次，国内银行不良贷款在五年内难以清除。国家 计划将这部分债务以折价或证券化的方式出售，但此过程也许将需花 上数年甚至更长。重建中国脆弱的银行系统，是中国政府允许外国金 融机构完全进入本国市场，而不致引发国内金融危机的重要先决条件 。　　(2)金融业在我国的行业对外开放序列中一直处于较后的部分， 对开放后的国际金融竞争环境也有个适应过程。中国金融业必须有限 制地向外开放市场，以防止亚洲金融风暴的代价在中国重演。　　(3)中国金融业特别是国有商业银行在过去的非市场经营过程中 累积了不少不良贷款，这使我们的金融业在市场竞争中历史包袱比较 重。　　二、积极应对　　(1)展开金融大检查，摸清金融机构资产负债 中国政府为进一步防范金融风险，以及迎接金融市场开放所面临 的挑战，已开始展开为期5个月的全国金融大检查工作，全面摸清金 融机构的资产和债务状况。工作重点在于检查金融机构的财务状况及 其不良资产，以便监管机构能摸清全国金融机构债务的真实状况。此 举不仅有助于监管部门能有效评估金融风险，并可采取适当的应对措 施，逐步消除金融机构庞大的不良资产。　　(2)在开放国内市场以前，中国金融主管部门应对银行进行重组 或增加注资，改进银行经营管理方针，并建立适当的法治和规范框架 。过快开放金融业的风险在于外资实力可能大大超过中国国内金融体 系，我们应该充分吸取亚洲危机的教训：在金融业自由化前，必须对 国内金融系统严格规范，商业银行必须妥善获得资本金注入及经营管 理。　　(3)转变观念，正视国际金融一体化的巨大挑战。国际金融一体 化是世界经济发展的必然趋势，我们金融业的对外开放的总方略是不 变的，加入WTO只是使这一课题提早摆到了我们的面前。以往在垄断 保护的土壤中成长起来的中国金融业应该正视国际金融一体化的巨大 挑战，要认真审视自己究竟有哪一点足以与真正强大的跨国公司抗衡， 我们的核心竞争力在何处，扬长补短，积极应对。

国际金融相关论文5000字开头英文翻译

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First， WTO accession on China's financial industry the great challenges　　China's huge， high-speed growth of financial markets and lack of financial deepening， long-term policy to protect China's financial sector to foreign financial consortium constitute the immense attraction of trying to a good opportunity for China's accession to the WTO to enter China's financial market has been the focus of their efforts The United States Commerce Secretary William Daley said the Sino-US WTO negotiations fell the most crucial questions， such as banking and insurance areas of financial 　　April 9， 1999， the United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called Chinese date for accession to WTO and the United States reached an open market These measures， according to the United States in China's accession to the WTO that it would begin to In fact， these so-called Protocol of the United States in fact just the asking price， of which only the agricultural part of complete agreement， other not yet fully The United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called China's accession to the WTO after the financial markets， the openness of the list， from which we can see that the United States and China， asking for specific financial services industry may be subject to the impact of the extent of:　　(1) Banking　　Between the two countries will continue negotiations on this However， China has agreed to join WTO， US-owned banks to foreign customers can immediately provide all the foreign exchange One year after WTO accession， the United States to the Chinese bank can provide customers with foreign exchange business， Sino-US joint-venture banks will be allowed to operate wholly foreign-owned banks will be allowed to operate at 5 years， foreign banks in two years will be allowed to conduct RMB business at 5 During the year the finance retail 　　(2) the securities industry　　At present， the securities， the Chinese will still insist open B-share market， but the A shares should not The US side insists that the opening of the stock For this requirement， China still insists that financial sector liberalization must be gradual and orderly progress， if we do not do so， it will be further subjected to the crisis in Southeast Asian countries to 　　(3) the insurance industry　　US demands China's accession to the WTO， life insurance companies in the foreign shareholding ratio can be up to 50%， add a year later， increased to 51% Non-life insurance companies and reinsurance companies will be allowed at a joint venture insurance companies hold 51 percent stake， and at two years to set up wholly-owned branch 　　With China's accession to the WTO will become the truth， China is striving to provide open financial markets to prepare:　　(1) Chinese department director has been fixed for the opening of RMB business Open RMB business faster than most people probably would exceed expectations， in the "foreseeable future" is very likely at all large and medium-sized city open RMB 　　(2) add at WTO， China will be the first to open RMB business in life insurance and property & casualty insurance As capital markets belong to the securities industry， opening up the speed will be relatively March 20， the China Insurance Regulatory Commission Ma Yongwei， chairman， said the opening up of China's insurance market is a foregone conclusion in the near future， there will be a number of foreign insurance companies enter the Chinese 　　(3) foreign banks will be one year after China's accession to the WTO， China allowed to provide foreign exchange business customers， and two years later for the enterprise business to provide renminbi business activity， and after five years for Chinese individuals to provide financial People's Bank of China will be lifted this year， foreign banks operating branches geographical restrictions， from the current Shanghai， Beijing， Tianjin， Shenzhen and other 23 city extended to all central cities， while the United States formally approved the Shenzhen branch of Citibank， Bank of Tokyo JAPAN Shenzhen sub - Bank to conduct RMB 　　(4) of the securities market， foreign capital eager to enter， but the domestic securities market is not mature enough， and the RMB is not freely convertible， direct foreign investment and opening up is unlikely， in recent years， the China Securities Regulatory Commission once the proposal to examine the formation of Sino-foreign joint investment fund the possibility of us to consider the form of foreign investment funds to enter and take the establishment of Sino-foreign cooperative fund the possibility of 　　From the above analysis we can already feel that China's accession to the WTO， China's financial industry by the face of international financial integration of the great challenges:　　(1) China's financial industry in the long-term barriers to retaining a high degree of policy evaluation， the WT O to add a high degree of market competition after the situation has required a process of Chinese bankers are much， for opening up banking reacted strongly consider in the next five years to completely open up the banking industry， time is very According to the World Bank has long been known as one pairs of Chinese banking industry experts Radi said that the need for around ten years， China's banking sector in order to prepare， in the face of foreign competition in the industry， and not in First of all， the Chinese banking system has yet to be market-oriented reforms to further deepen， at present， four major Chinese state-owned commercial banks are all the Ministry of Finance， the national bank assets accounted for more than 90% of Shenzhen Development Bank are so far the only listed Secondly， non-performing loans of domestic banks within five years， it is difficult to National plans to discount the portion of the debt or sell securities， but this process may be will need to spend a few years or even Reconstruction of the fragile Chinese banking system is that the Chinese Government to allow foreign financial institutions to gain full access to their markets， while domestic financial crisis will not lead to an important 　　(2) the financial services sector in our country's industry has been opening sequence in a relatively backward part of the opening of international financial competition environment has a process of China's financial industry must be limited to opening up the market to prevent the Asian financial turmoil the price of a repeat in C　　(3) China's financial sector， especially state-owned commercial banks in the past the process of non-market operators have accumulated a lot of non-performing loans， which makes US financial sector competition in the market relatively heavy historical 　　Second， actively respond to　　(1) Expand the financial inspection of assets and liabilities of financial institutions to find out the Chinese Government to further guard against financial risks， as well as opening up financial markets to meet the challenges faced， had started a period of 5 months of a general inspection of national financial work out a comprehensive financial institution's assets and the debt Work focused on financial institutions to check the financial position and its non-performing assets in order to regulators of financial institutions nationwide to find out the true state of This will not only help regulators assess the financial risks effectively， and to take appropriate response measures， the gradual elimination of financial institutions， large non-performing 　　(2) in an open domestic market before the director of China's financial department to deal with banks to restructure or to inject more funds into the bank to improve the operation and management principles and the rule of law and set up appropriate regulatory Too fast， opening up the financial industry risk is probably much higher than the strength of foreign investment China's domestic financial system， we should fully absorb the lessons of the Asian crisis: liberalization in the financial industry before， we must strictly regulate the domestic financial system， commercial banks are required to have proper access to capital injection and operation and 　　(3) change their concepts， to face up to the international financial integration of great International financial integration is one of the world inevitable trend of economic development， we are opening up the financial industry overall strategy is unchanged， just add WTO so that the subject had placed earlier in front of At the previous monopoly of the soil protection grew up China's financial industry should face up to the international financial integration of the enormous challenges， we must seriously examine their own point whether there is really strong enough to contend with transnational corporations， the core of our competitiveness where扬长up short， a positive 　　一、加入WTO对中国金融业的巨大挑战　　中国庞大的、高速增长的金融市场和金融深化不足、长期为政策 保护的中国金融业，对外国金融财团构成了巨大的吸引力，试图通过 中国加入WTO的良机进入中国金融市场一直是它们重点努力的方向。 美国商务部长戴利称，中美入世谈判最关键的问题落在银行和保险等 金融服务领域中。　　1999年4月9日，美国贸易代表处单方面公布了所谓中国迄今为加 入WTO与美国达成的市场开放协议。这些措施据美国称将在中国加入 WTO时开始实施。其实这些所谓的协议实际上只是美国的要价，其中 只有农业部分完全达成协议，其他仍未完全达成。美国贸易代表处单 方面公布了所谓中国加入WTO后金融市场开放程度一览表，我们从中 可以看到美国具体的要价和中国金融业可能会受到的冲击程度：　　(1)银行业　　两国仍继续此项目的谈判。但中国已经同意，加入WTO后，美资 银行可立即向外国客户提供所有外汇业务。加入WTO一年后，美国的 银行可向中国客户提供外汇业务，中美合资的银行将立即获准经营， 外国独资银行将在5年内获准经营，外资银行在二年内将获准经营人 民币业务，在5年内经营金融零售业务。　　(2)证券业　　目前就证券而言，中国坚持仍然会开放B股市场，但是A股不能开 放。美方则坚持提出开放整个证券市场。对于这个要求，中国仍然坚 持金融部门的开放必须循序渐进，如果不这样作，就将步遭受危机的 东南亚国家后尘。　　(3)保险业　　美方要求中国加入WTO后，人寿保险公司中外资持股比例可高达 50％，加入一年后，提高至51％。非人寿保险公司和再保险公司将获 准在合资保险公司中持有51％的股份，并可在二年内成立全资的分支 机构。　　随着中国加入世贸组织将成事实，中国也正为开放金融市场做好 准备：　　(1)中国主管部门已订出开放人民币业务的时间表。人民币业务 开放速度之快可能会超出多数人的预期，在“可见的未来”极有可能 在所有大中城市开放人民币业务。　　(2)在加入WTO后，中国将首先开放人民币业务寿险及产险市场。 至于属于资本市场的证券业，开放的速度则会相对较慢。3月20日， 中国保险监督管理委员会主席马永伟表示，中国保险市场的开放大局 已定，在不久的将来，会有多家外国保险公司进入中国市场。　　(3)外资银行将在中国加入WTO一年后，获准为中国客户提供外汇 业务，两年后可为企业商务活动提供人民币业务，而五年后可为中国 个人提供金融服务。中国人民银行今年将取消外资银行营业性分支机 构地域限制，从现在的上海、北京、天津、深圳等23个城市扩大到所 有中心城市，同时正式批准美国花旗银行深圳分行、日本东京银行深 圳分行经营人民币业务。　　(4)证券市场方面，外资渴望进入，但国内证券市场并不成熟， 而且人民币尚不能自由兑换，直接开放外资进入的可能性不大，近年 来中国证监会曾经提出研究组建中外合作投资基金的可能性，我们认 为以基金的形式吸收外资进入，采取组建中外合作基金形式的可能性 极大。　　我们从上述分析中已经可以感受到中国加入WTO后，中国金融业 所面对国际金融一体化的巨大挑战：　　(1)中国金融业长期处于高度的政策壁垒护估之下，对于加入WT O后高度的市场竞争形势需要有个适应过程。 中国许多银行业人士，对于对外开放银行业务反应强烈，认为在 五年内彻底开放银行业，时间是十分急迫的。据世界银行一位对中国 银行业素有研究的专家拉迪指出，大约需要十年，中国银行业才能作 好准备，面对国外同业的竞争，而不致于陷入险境。首先，中国银行 业体制的市场化改革仍有待进一步深化，目前，中国四大国有商业银 行属财政部所有，占全国银行资产的90％以上，深圳发展银行是至今 唯一上市的银行。其次，国内银行不良贷款在五年内难以清除。国家 计划将这部分债务以折价或证券化的方式出售，但此过程也许将需花 上数年甚至更长。重建中国脆弱的银行系统，是中国政府允许外国金 融机构完全进入本国市场，而不致引发国内金融危机的重要先决条件 。　　(2)金融业在我国的行业对外开放序列中一直处于较后的部分， 对开放后的国际金融竞争环境也有个适应过程。中国金融业必须有限 制地向外开放市场，以防止亚洲金融风暴的代价在中国重演。　　(3)中国金融业特别是国有商业银行在过去的非市场经营过程中 累积了不少不良贷款，这使我们的金融业在市场竞争中历史包袱比较 重。　　二、积极应对　　(1)展开金融大检查，摸清金融机构资产负债 中国政府为进一步防范金融风险，以及迎接金融市场开放所面临 的挑战，已开始展开为期5个月的全国金融大检查工作，全面摸清金 融机构的资产和债务状况。工作重点在于检查金融机构的财务状况及 其不良资产，以便监管机构能摸清全国金融机构债务的真实状况。此 举不仅有助于监管部门能有效评估金融风险，并可采取适当的应对措 施，逐步消除金融机构庞大的不良资产。　　(2)在开放国内市场以前，中国金融主管部门应对银行进行重组 或增加注资，改进银行经营管理方针，并建立适当的法治和规范框架 。过快开放金融业的风险在于外资实力可能大大超过中国国内金融体 系，我们应该充分吸取亚洲危机的教训：在金融业自由化前，必须对 国内金融系统严格规范，商业银行必须妥善获得资本金注入及经营管 理。　　(3)转变观念，正视国际金融一体化的巨大挑战。国际金融一体 化是世界经济发展的必然趋势，我们金融业的对外开放的总方略是不 变的，加入WTO只是使这一课题提早摆到了我们的面前。以往在垄断 保护的土壤中成长起来的中国金融业应该正视国际金融一体化的巨大 挑战，要认真审视自己究竟有哪一点足以与真正强大的跨国公司抗衡， 我们的核心竞争力在何处，扬长补短，积极应对。

In recent years， China's foreign exchange reserves rapid increase， until June 2009， has more than $2，100bn China's more than a trillion dollars of international financial crisis， how to use the paper reserves has become the focus of international financial crisis at home and abroad， this paper focus of Chinese foreign exchange reserve is Key words: the foreign exchange reserves， Management mode， Active management， System， using

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(一)本文题目金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范 　　(二)本文的目的、意义金融期货是在七十年代世界金融体制发生重大变革，世界金融市场日益动荡不安的情况下应运而生。金融期货市场是市场经济运行的必要条件，它吸引了大量参与者，有利于打破区域界限，形成大市场。其次，金融期货市场是市场经济发展的内在稳定器，从微观来看，期货交易的发展有利于稳定企业生产经营;从宏观来看，金融期货市场的走势正确利用期货市场可以有效地改进政府的宏观调节能力。　　投资者在期货市场中的交易行为包括投机和套期图利两大类，投机是在期货市场上纯粹以牟取利润为目的而买卖标准化期货合约的行为。套利是期货市场参与者利用不同月份、不同市场、不同商品之间的差价，同时买入和卖出两张不同类的期货合约以从中获取风险利润的交易行为。投机是期货市场中必不可少的一环，它可以承担价格风险，提高市场流动性，保持价格体系稳定。期货市场中，投机的功能是发现价格。而套利的功能就是发现市场的相对价格。在投机资(中国报告网)金的作用下，市场价格关系常常以不公平的状态出现。套利的功能就是促使价格关系走向合理，从而使相应的商品或市场资源得到合理和有效的配置。　　投资者在投机和套利的同时也面临着风险，于是研究金融期货的风险活动也从此开始，大致经历了三个阶段：　　第一阶段：由于生产力落后，期货交易仅限于商品领域，对风险控制的研究基本上处于原始状态，决策行为大多依赖于实践中总结出来的经验，还没有上升到理论高度。　　第二阶段：现代期货市场建立，期货交易所完成了市场运行机制的创新和完善，交易主体运用市场回避风险和有效控制风险的方法和技巧有了长足的进步。　　第三阶段：期货市场迅速发展，金融期货诞生。国际金融市场急剧动荡，人们在运用期货进行避险的同时又被面临的各种风险损失困扰。市场到底存在哪些风险，如何确定风险大小，如何实现收益最大化和风险最小化成为人们研究的热点。　　在金融创新浪潮的推动下，新的金融衍生工具不断涌现。原有的金融衍生产品也呈现日趋复杂的景象，品种繁多的衍生产品使金融市场动荡不安，使所有市场参与者处于风险之中　　而金融期货作为衍生产品中最基础和最重要的一员，更应该在风险日益加剧的时候防范投机套利交易中出现的各种风险。特别是在我国即将推出金融期货产品的时候，这种投机套利的操作风险研究和防范尤其显得重要。本文研究不同种类的投机套利的操作过程和原理，从而预测所面临的风险，然后采取防范措施以免损失。　　(三)本文外研究的历史和现状(文献综述)　　有关我国金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范的讨论目前主要集中在以下三个方面：　　(1)建立我国金融期货的市场基础(必要性和可行性)　　(2)金融期货的投机以及套利的种类和方式　　(3)我国金融期货市场风险管理的市场基础(必要性和可行性)　　在我国金融期货的必要性和可行性方面，集中讨论了金融期货的价格功能和金融体制改革，其中比较具有代表性的是钱小安的论著：1997年版的《金融期货的理论与实践》和王健的论著：1996年版的《现代世界期货市场》。他们主要讨论了金融工具的价格变化较大，这种价格风险已经对市场参与者造成了转移价格风险的需要;金融体制的改革有利于金融现货的价格发现，规范的金融期货市场的运行可形成指导性的金融资产价格。　　在金融期货投机以及套利的种类和方式方面，主要介绍投机操作和三种套利方式和投资者注意事项，关于这方面的著作很多，其中我阅读的文章有郑大伟、于乃书、张屹山1998年发表的《期货交易中的投机套利模型》和施兵超的1997年版《金融期货与期权》。他们主要分析空头和多头投机以及跨期、跨市和跨品套利。　　在我国金融期货市场风险管理的市场基础方面，焦点是研究风险管理在期货市场上的规范作用和投机套利者和保值者风险的比较和特征。其中主要有杨玉川的2002年版《现代期货期权创新与风险管理》和姬广坡的2000年版《期货市场风险控制论》，他们主要讨论风险管理是期货市场充分发挥功能的前提和基础，是减缓或消除期货市场对经济社会生活不良冲击的需要以及投机风险要大于保值风险。　　国外的金融期货市场已经比较成熟，但在研究方向、研究方法上与国内相比有较大差异。这主要体现在以下几个方面：　　(1)量化研究方兴未艾，主要有Stephen A"Ross的套利定价理论在内的定价模型，研究的核心问题是如何实现“预期收益最(中国报告网)大”和“不确定性最小”。　　泛应用，组合理论和定价公式地位的确立就证明数量工具已发挥不可替代的作用。量化研究有助于搞好风险管理，设计资产组合，选择交易时机，评估市场特性。而其中关于这方面比较著名的有萨弥尔森的1981年版《经济学》，其中关于投机与风险理论，他分为两块论述：一是运用理想来研究商品期货市场的套利与投机行为的期货市场风险理论;二是运用数学公式建立了一套严格的商品期货交易有效市场理论。 除此，关于期货市场风险研究的还有早期的均衡价格理论，代表作是马歇尔的1965年版《经济学原理》，他引入供给和需求的概念，揭示供给和需求的关系，间接暗示了大量期货市场的风险问题。其余的有根据价格变动因素研判的基本因素理论，把握投资原则和策略的投资时机理论和心理分析理论。　　目前在国内有关股指金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范讨论的文献过少，主要集中在金融期货市场的总体风险管理、投机套利的操作以及套期保值方面的风险，而且对于股指期货交易的研究较多。所以本文期望在研究投机套利的原理的基础上更进一步的研究其风险和防范策略，并且搜集一些国际上比较创新的投机套利风险防范措施。　　(四)本文的目标　　通过对金融期货投机套利的概念、特征、操作和风险防范的现实意义的阐述，我们要达到以下目的：　　 了解金融期货投机套利，分析其国内外发展;　　 通过实例分析，熟悉了解投机套利的操作方法和原理;　　 根据投机套利的原理说明可能面临的风险种类;　　 根据风险的种类制定风险防范的方案;　　 初步形成金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范的基本理论;　　 促进风险防范和规避体制的形成;　　(五)本文的基本内容　　本课题的题目是金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范，则其中涉及了三个大的概念，要从这些基本概念入手来研究问题。首先什么是金融期货投机套利，什么样风险，怎样防范。所以拟从三个方面探讨金融期货的投机套利及其风险防范。　　第一部分主要从三个方面了解金融期货投机套利，并且分析它们之间的异同：　　金融期货投机套利的概念　　 金融期货投机套利的特征　　 金融期货投机套利的操作　　第二部分是本文的重点，由于金融期货投机套利之间既有联系又有区别，主要从两个方面阐述金融期货的投机套利风险，其中套利分三种情况讨论：　　 金融期货投机套利的共同风险，并通过部分实例分析阐述其存在的风险　　 金融期货投机套利的不同风险，并通过部分实例分析阐述其存在的风险　　第三部分根据金融期货的投机套利的风险从三个方面来分析其防范策略，找出解决问题的方案：　　 金融期货投机套利的共同风险防范　　 金融期货投机的风险防范　　 金融期货套利的风险防范　　最后便对本文的研究做个总结和展望。　　(六)本文的研究方法　　本文研究的是金融期货市场的投机套利和风险防范问题，涉及到金融期货市场的宏观布局和投机套利的微观运行，还涉及到防范措施等问题。在研究中本文集中采用了以下研究方法：　　理论分析研究，通过对金融期货投机套利的理论分析了解投机套利的技术性操作和市场运作方式;　　比较研究，通过对投机和套利的联系和区别的分析，比较投机和套利的共同风险和不同风险;　　实例分析研究，通过具体的投机套利操作实例说明运作过程，并运用实例论证风险的可能性;　　科学管理研究，通过对风险的研究提出科学合理的防范措施。　　(七)本文的研究步骤　　 通过图书馆和网络翻阅文献资料，集中数据和有关论文　　 选定一篇相关英文论文，进行英文翻译工作，完成外文翻译　　 根据所集中文献，完成文献综述　　 形成论文的构思，制定开题报告　　 按照开题报告研究论文的可行性　　 继续收集数据和资料完成论文初稿　　 在初稿的基础上进行修订从而达到课题的研究目的　　(八)本文的研究结果　　通过课题的研究，一是旨在了解金融期货投机套利的技术性分析的认识;二是为金融期货投机套利的风险防范提供参考;三是从理论和实践这两个方面提高本人的专业知识水平。

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国际金融相关论文5000字开头怎么写的

首先最好是能针对某个行业、某个地区、甚至是某个企业的经济现象做出调查、分析、论述、研究，然后提出相应的对策即解决方法的题目：如下：以汽车行业为例 贸易自由化背景下中国汽车产业国际竞争力的分析产业国际竞争力的度量方法以 及作者提出的衡量产业国际竞争力的指标框架。第四章以中国的汽车产业为例，就贸易自由化背景卜汽 车产业的国际竞争力进行了分析 中国服务贸易国际竞争力研究 与住房、旅游、汽车、教育、信息服务等消费热点相 关的服务业特别活跃。① 中国服务贸易的开放状况 在加入WTO之前，中国的制造业已经先行开放。制造业在竞争中迅速发 展壮大，使服务业相对短缺。 国际贸易与技术进步 随着国际贸易的发展，现代国际贸易理论认为国际贸易不仅包括国际间的商品贸易、技术贸易、其他旅游、通讯等方面的劳务和服务输出，还包括了劳动力和资本的跨国流动。 本文所引用的国际贸易均为广义概念。 (二)国际技术贸易 绿色壁垒与国际贸易 日益增多的贸易摩 擦和不断出现的因绿色贸易壁垒导致的贸易冲突对国际贸易的发展和贸易的 格局产生了深远的影响。 在此形势下，国际贸易中的绿色壁垒问题越来越成为世人关注的焦点。因 此，本文将从国际贸易与环境问题入手，从经济学的角度分析绿色 环境政策对国际贸易的影响研究 而这些国际环境公约又从各个方面对国际贸易的结构和规模产生着这样那样的影响;其二，在众多的国际贸易条约中，涌现出许多环境条款，从而使国际贸易活动受到更多的非经济因素的影响和约束。 关于环境政策与贸易的关系问题，经济学家们从不同角度 日本汽车产业国际竞争力研究 汽车产业由弱到强，在国际汽车产业的市场竞争中占据了一席之地。 1955年，日本发表了《经济自立五年计划》，在资金、税制、外汇等方面扶植各汽车厂家引进底特律大批量自动生产线，进行了大规模的设备投资，加速实现国 论国际贸易与环境保护的协调 接下来研究了国际贸易对环境保护的影响以及环境保护对国际贸易的影响，从而得出结论:国际贸易与环境? 跨国公司内部贸易与国际竞争优势 跨国公司跨国界的内部贸易(以下简称跨国公司内部贸易)已经占到世界贸易的1/3，约80%的技术转让费支付发生在跨国公司内部，跨国公司的内部贸易以其巨大的规模及其特有的方式影响着东道国、投资国，乃至整个世界经济。而跨国公司内部贸易是跨国公司追求国际竞争优势的必然结果 电子商务对国际贸易的影响及对策 自己逐个主观的阐述清楚 提高汽车工业国际竞争力的策略研究 加入WTO意味着中国经济将真正融入世界经济，成为全球化经济的一部分。作为WTO的一员，中国在享受其权利的同时，也必须履行其承诺和义务。随着我国汽车市场的全面开放，中国汽车工业将直面国际挑战。为此，研究外国大型汽车集团在华的竞争战略，研究如何在过渡期内提高我国 我希望我只是给你提供参考也希望你自己写因为那才是自己的本事

First， WTO accession on China's financial industry the great challenges　　China's huge， high-speed growth of financial markets and lack of financial deepening， long-term policy to protect China's financial sector to foreign financial consortium constitute the immense attraction of trying to a good opportunity for China's accession to the WTO to enter China's financial market has been the focus of their efforts The United States Commerce Secretary William Daley said the Sino-US WTO negotiations fell the most crucial questions， such as banking and insurance areas of financial 　　April 9， 1999， the United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called Chinese date for accession to WTO and the United States reached an open market These measures， according to the United States in China's accession to the WTO that it would begin to In fact， these so-called Protocol of the United States in fact just the asking price， of which only the agricultural part of complete agreement， other not yet fully The United States Trade Representative Office unilaterally announced the so-called China's accession to the WTO after the financial markets， the openness of the list， from which we can see that the United States and China， asking for specific financial services industry may be subject to the impact of the extent of:　　(1) Banking　　Between the two countries will continue negotiations on this However， China has agreed to join WTO， US-owned banks to foreign customers can immediately provide all the foreign exchange One year after WTO accession， the United States to the Chinese bank can provide customers with foreign exchange business， Sino-US joint-venture banks will be allowed to operate wholly foreign-owned banks will be allowed to operate at 5 years， foreign banks in two years will be allowed to conduct RMB business at 5 During the year the finance retail 　　(2) the securities industry　　At present， the securities， the Chinese will still insist open B-share market， but the A shares should not The US side insists that the opening of the stock For this requirement， China still insists that financial sector liberalization must be gradual and orderly progress， if we do not do so， it will be further subjected to the crisis in Southeast Asian countries to 　　(3) the insurance industry　　US demands China's accession to the WTO， life insurance companies in the foreign shareholding ratio can be up to 50%， add a year later， increased to 51% Non-life insurance companies and reinsurance companies will be allowed at a joint venture insurance companies hold 51 percent stake， and at two years to set up wholly-owned branch 　　With China's accession to the WTO will become the truth， China is striving to provide open financial markets to prepare:　　(1) Chinese department director has been fixed for the opening of RMB business Open RMB business faster than most people probably would exceed expectations， in the "foreseeable future" is very likely at all large and medium-sized city open RMB 　　(2) add at WTO， China will be the first to open RMB business in life insurance and property & casualty insurance As capital markets belong to the securities industry， opening up the speed will be relatively March 20， the China Insurance Regulatory Commission Ma Yongwei， chairman， said the opening up of China's insurance market is a foregone conclusion in the near future， there will be a number of foreign insurance companies enter the Chinese 　　(3) foreign banks will be one year after China's accession to the WTO， China allowed to provide foreign exchange business customers， and two years later for the enterprise business to provide renminbi business activity， and after five years for Chinese individuals to provide financial People's Bank of China will be lifted this year， foreign banks operating branches geographical restrictions， from the current Shanghai， Beijing， Tianjin， Shenzhen and other 23 city extended to all central cities， while the United States formally approved the Shenzhen branch of Citibank， Bank of Tokyo JAPAN Shenzhen sub - Bank to conduct RMB 　　(4) of the securities market， foreign capital eager to enter， but the domestic securities market is not mature enough， and the RMB is not freely convertible， direct foreign investment and opening up is unlikely， in recent years， the China Securities Regulatory Commission once the proposal to examine the formation of Sino-foreign joint investment fund the possibility of us to consider the form of foreign investment funds to enter and take the establishment of Sino-foreign cooperative fund the possibility of 　　From the above analysis we can already feel that China's accession to the WTO， China's financial industry by the face of international financial integration of the great challenges:　　(1) China's financial industry in the long-term barriers to retaining a high degree of policy evaluation， the WT O to add a high degree of market competition after the situation has required a process of Chinese bankers are much， for opening up banking reacted strongly consider in the next five years to completely open up the banking industry， time is very According to the World Bank has long been known as one pairs of Chinese banking industry experts Radi said that the need for around ten years， China's banking sector in order to prepare， in the face of foreign competition in the industry， and not in First of all， the Chinese banking system has yet to be market-oriented reforms to further deepen， at present， four major Chinese state-owned commercial banks are all the Ministry of Finance， the national bank assets accounted for more than 90% of Shenzhen Development Bank are so far the only listed Secondly， non-performing loans of domestic banks within five years， it is difficult to National plans to discount the portion of the debt or sell securities， but this process may be will need to spend a few years or even Reconstruction of the fragile Chinese banking system is that the Chinese Government to allow foreign financial institutions to gain full access to their markets， while domestic financial crisis will not lead to an important 　　(2) the financial services sector in our country's industry has been opening sequence in a relatively backward part of the opening of international financial competition environment has a process of China's financial industry must be limited to opening up the market to prevent the Asian financial turmoil the price of a repeat in C　　(3) China's financial sector， especially state-owned commercial banks in the past the process of non-market operators have accumulated a lot of non-performing loans， which makes US financial sector competition in the market relatively heavy historical 　　Second， actively respond to　　(1) Expand the financial inspection of assets and liabilities of financial institutions to find out the Chinese Government to further guard against financial risks， as well as opening up financial markets to meet the challenges faced， had started a period of 5 months of a general inspection of national financial work out a comprehensive financial institution's assets and the debt Work focused on financial institutions to check the financial position and its non-performing assets in order to regulators of financial institutions nationwide to find out the true state of This will not only help regulators assess the financial risks effectively， and to take appropriate response measures， the gradual elimination of financial institutions， large non-performing 　　(2) in an open domestic market before the director of China's financial department to deal with banks to restructure or to inject more funds into the bank to improve the operation and management principles and the rule of law and set up appropriate regulatory Too fast， opening up the financial industry risk is probably much higher than the strength of foreign investment China's domestic financial system， we should fully absorb the lessons of the Asian crisis: liberalization in the financial industry before， we must strictly regulate the domestic financial system， commercial banks are required to have proper access to capital injection and operation and 　　(3) change their concepts， to face up to the international financial integration of great International financial integration is one of the world inevitable trend of economic development， we are opening up the financial industry overall strategy is unchanged， just add WTO so that the subject had placed earlier in front of At the previous monopoly of the soil protection grew up China's financial industry should face up to the international financial integration of the enormous challenges， we must seriously examine their own point whether there is really strong enough to contend with transnational corporations， the core of our competitiveness where扬长up short， a positive 　　一、加入WTO对中国金融业的巨大挑战　　中国庞大的、高速增长的金融市场和金融深化不足、长期为政策 保护的中国金融业，对外国金融财团构成了巨大的吸引力，试图通过 中国加入WTO的良机进入中国金融市场一直是它们重点努力的方向。 美国商务部长戴利称，中美入世谈判最关键的问题落在银行和保险等 金融服务领域中。　　1999年4月9日，美国贸易代表处单方面公布了所谓中国迄今为加 入WTO与美国达成的市场开放协议。这些措施据美国称将在中国加入 WTO时开始实施。其实这些所谓的协议实际上只是美国的要价，其中 只有农业部分完全达成协议，其他仍未完全达成。美国贸易代表处单 方面公布了所谓中国加入WTO后金融市场开放程度一览表，我们从中 可以看到美国具体的要价和中国金融业可能会受到的冲击程度：　　(1)银行业　　两国仍继续此项目的谈判。但中国已经同意，加入WTO后，美资 银行可立即向外国客户提供所有外汇业务。加入WTO一年后，美国的 银行可向中国客户提供外汇业务，中美合资的银行将立即获准经营， 外国独资银行将在5年内获准经营，外资银行在二年内将获准经营人 民币业务，在5年内经营金融零售业务。　　(2)证券业　　目前就证券而言，中国坚持仍然会开放B股市场，但是A股不能开 放。美方则坚持提出开放整个证券市场。对于这个要求，中国仍然坚 持金融部门的开放必须循序渐进，如果不这样作，就将步遭受危机的 东南亚国家后尘。　　(3)保险业　　美方要求中国加入WTO后，人寿保险公司中外资持股比例可高达 50％，加入一年后，提高至51％。非人寿保险公司和再保险公司将获 准在合资保险公司中持有51％的股份，并可在二年内成立全资的分支 机构。　　随着中国加入世贸组织将成事实，中国也正为开放金融市场做好 准备：　　(1)中国主管部门已订出开放人民币业务的时间表。人民币业务 开放速度之快可能会超出多数人的预期，在“可见的未来”极有可能 在所有大中城市开放人民币业务。　　(2)在加入WTO后，中国将首先开放人民币业务寿险及产险市场。 至于属于资本市场的证券业，开放的速度则会相对较慢。3月20日， 中国保险监督管理委员会主席马永伟表示，中国保险市场的开放大局 已定，在不久的将来，会有多家外国保险公司进入中国市场。　　(3)外资银行将在中国加入WTO一年后，获准为中国客户提供外汇 业务，两年后可为企业商务活动提供人民币业务，而五年后可为中国 个人提供金融服务。中国人民银行今年将取消外资银行营业性分支机 构地域限制，从现在的上海、北京、天津、深圳等23个城市扩大到所 有中心城市，同时正式批准美国花旗银行深圳分行、日本东京银行深 圳分行经营人民币业务。　　(4)证券市场方面，外资渴望进入，但国内证券市场并不成熟， 而且人民币尚不能自由兑换，直接开放外资进入的可能性不大，近年 来中国证监会曾经提出研究组建中外合作投资基金的可能性，我们认 为以基金的形式吸收外资进入，采取组建中外合作基金形式的可能性 极大。　　我们从上述分析中已经可以感受到中国加入WTO后，中国金融业 所面对国际金融一体化的巨大挑战：　　(1)中国金融业长期处于高度的政策壁垒护估之下，对于加入WT O后高度的市场竞争形势需要有个适应过程。 中国许多银行业人士，对于对外开放银行业务反应强烈，认为在 五年内彻底开放银行业，时间是十分急迫的。据世界银行一位对中国 银行业素有研究的专家拉迪指出，大约需要十年，中国银行业才能作 好准备，面对国外同业的竞争，而不致于陷入险境。首先，中国银行 业体制的市场化改革仍有待进一步深化，目前，中国四大国有商业银 行属财政部所有，占全国银行资产的90％以上，深圳发展银行是至今 唯一上市的银行。其次，国内银行不良贷款在五年内难以清除。国家 计划将这部分债务以折价或证券化的方式出售，但此过程也许将需花 上数年甚至更长。重建中国脆弱的银行系统，是中国政府允许外国金 融机构完全进入本国市场，而不致引发国内金融危机的重要先决条件 。　　(2)金融业在我国的行业对外开放序列中一直处于较后的部分， 对开放后的国际金融竞争环境也有个适应过程。中国金融业必须有限 制地向外开放市场，以防止亚洲金融风暴的代价在中国重演。　　(3)中国金融业特别是国有商业银行在过去的非市场经营过程中 累积了不少不良贷款，这使我们的金融业在市场竞争中历史包袱比较 重。　　二、积极应对　　(1)展开金融大检查，摸清金融机构资产负债 中国政府为进一步防范金融风险，以及迎接金融市场开放所面临 的挑战，已开始展开为期5个月的全国金融大检查工作，全面摸清金 融机构的资产和债务状况。工作重点在于检查金融机构的财务状况及 其不良资产，以便监管机构能摸清全国金融机构债务的真实状况。此 举不仅有助于监管部门能有效评估金融风险，并可采取适当的应对措 施，逐步消除金融机构庞大的不良资产。　　(2)在开放国内市场以前，中国金融主管部门应对银行进行重组 或增加注资，改进银行经营管理方针，并建立适当的法治和规范框架 。过快开放金融业的风险在于外资实力可能大大超过中国国内金融体 系，我们应该充分吸取亚洲危机的教训：在金融业自由化前，必须对 国内金融系统严格规范，商业银行必须妥善获得资本金注入及经营管 理。　　(3)转变观念，正视国际金融一体化的巨大挑战。国际金融一体 化是世界经济发展的必然趋势，我们金融业的对外开放的总方略是不 变的，加入WTO只是使这一课题提早摆到了我们的面前。以往在垄断 保护的土壤中成长起来的中国金融业应该正视国际金融一体化的巨大 挑战，要认真审视自己究竟有哪一点足以与真正强大的跨国公司抗衡， 我们的核心竞争力在何处，扬长补短，积极应对。

国际金融相关论文5000字开头怎么写好一点

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